Recycling Treated Municipal Wastewater for Industrial Water Use

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TM3: Recycled Wastewater System Components and Costs Recycling Treated Municipal Wastewater for Industrial Water Use Table 8. Reclaimed Water Classifications Classification Characteristics Advanced Secondary • For non-contact industrial uses with low concern for hardness and dissolved solids • Base WWTP process train • Meets secondary-23 recycled water criteria Tertiary 1 Conventional Tertiary 2 Membrane Filtration Tertiary 3 Membrane Softening Tertiary 4 Advanced • For industrial uses with human contact potential and/or industries that require partial hardness and dissolved salt removal • Requires a coagulation/flocculation/sedimentation process with filtration • Removes some hardness and dissolved salts; provides some soluble organic removal and color removal • Meets tertiary recycled water criteria • For industrial uses with human contact potential and/or industries that can use hard/high salt water • Provides soluble organic removal and color removal • Provides pathogen removal and reduces disinfection requirements • Meets tertiary recycled water criteria • For industries requiring low dissolved salts • Requires Tertiary 2 water followed by softening with RO or ED depending on the target constituents • Meets tertiary recycled water criteria • For industries requiring low dissolved salts and removal of trace constituents • Requires Tertiary 3 water with RO and either ion exchange, carbon adsorption or advanced oxidation processes, depending on the target constituent. • Meets tertiary recycled water criteria As shown in Table 10, a significant portion of industries use their water supply as cooling water. For most industries that require water as a cooling source for various equipment and processes, cooling water accounts for 30-95% of the water use. Existing facilities still use once-through cooling and some of these facilities could use the base quality supply, depending on the hardness and salt concentrations. As industrial facilities upgrade, once-through systems are being replaced by recirculating systems that use less water. Most new facilities with a ground water supply source use recirculating systems, in keeping with Minnesota water appropriations permit guidelines. Recirculating systems have limits on the concentration of dissolved salts in the cooling water, where excessive concentrations result in scaling and corrosion problems. There are different unit processes and groupings of processes that can remove salts and provide a softened supply for cooling water uses. Both Tertiary 1 24 Craddock Consulting Engineers In Association with CDM & James Crook TM3-Component&Costs_0707
TM3: Recycled Wastewater System Components and Costs Recycling Treated Municipal Wastewater for Industrial Water Use and 3 could provide an adequate supply for cooling water, depending on the source water quality and the cycles of concentration required for the cooling water system. It is also possible that the base reclaimed supply with or without filtration could meet cooling water requirements if the industry uses chemicals to keep the water in the right ionic balance to prevent scaling. Potable supplies with medium to high hardness are often treated with scalants for use as cooling water. The generally high hardness and high salt concentrations in Minnesota waters and wastewater make it plausible that Tertiary 1 and 3 level water may be required for recirculating cooling water use in Minnesota. Table 9. Water Quality for the Reclaimed Water Classifications 1 Constituent Advanced Secondary Reclaimed Water Concentration 2 Tertiary 1 Conven- tional Tertiary 2 Membrane Filtration Tertiary 3 Membrane Softening Tertiary 4 Advanced BOD, mg/L 5-10
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Acknowledgements This study was con
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Contents Recycling Treated Municipa
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Contents Recycling Treated Municipa
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Executive Summary Vision Executive
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Section 1: Introduction 1.1 Project
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Table 1.2. Water Use in Minnesota,
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Section 1: Introduction Recycling T
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1.5 Summary Section 1: Introduction
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Section 2: Recycled Wastewater Dema
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Figure 2.9. Ground Water Contaminat
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Table 2.8. Ethanol Plant Capacity a
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2.7 References Section 2: Recycled
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Section 3: Recycled Wastewater Syst
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Water Quality Overview The total co
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Industrial Water Quality Concerns S
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Emerging Contaminants of Concern Se
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3.4 Storage and Transmission Overvi
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Cost by Standard Industry Categorie
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Costs and Planning Considerations S
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Section 4: Implementation Considera
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Economic Incentives and Risk Assess
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Section 5: Summary and Potential Ne
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Long-Term Vision Section 5: Summary
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Exhibit A: California Water Recycli
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Metropolitan Council Recycling Trea
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Contents Section 1 - Introduction C
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Craddock Consulting Engineers In As
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Section 1 Introduction Craddock Con
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Craddock Consulting Engineers 2-1 I
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Section 2 Implementation Considerat
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Table 2.4. Examples of State Water
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Craddock Consulting Engineers 3-1 I
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Section 3 Inventory of Major WWTPs
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Figure 3.6. Industrial Reuse Custom
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Figure 3.7b. Ground Water Availabil
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") Figure 3.8c. Cedar River Watersh
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") ") ") ") Figure 3.10c. Lower Mis
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Figure 3.12c. Mississippi River - H
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Figure 3.14b. Rainy River Watershed
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") Figure 3.16c. St. Croix River Wa
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Figure 3.18 Metro Area Industrial R
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G G Flying Cloud Dr !! G! G Figure
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Figure 3.22. Rogers WWTP - Industri
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G G G! Dodd Rd GG Figure 3.24. Rose
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G Figure 3.26. Hastings WWTP - Indu
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State Hwy 36 ! Figure 3.28. St. Cro
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Water Use Code Categories Minnesota
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Minnesota Water Use for All Categor
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Air Conditioning 0.2% Waterworks 15
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Minnesota Water Use, 2000-2004 - St
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Minnesota Water Use in 2004 (withou
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Minnesota Water Use in 2000 (withou
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UseCode by Year Minnesota Power Gen
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Water Use (MGD) Water Use (MGD) 350
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Minnesota Industrial Processing Fac
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Minnesota Industrial Processing Fac
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Water Use (MGD) Water Use (MGD) 120
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Water Use (MGD) Water Use (MGD) 13.
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Overview There are no federal regul
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Appendix B Status of Water Reuse Re
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Table 4. Examples of State Water Re
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Setback Distances Appendix B Status
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WATER USE (MGD) WATER USE (MGD) 3.5
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Table 3.9a. Industrial Water Use in
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Table 3.10a. Industrial Water Use i
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Table 3.10d. Industries in the Lowe
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WATER USE (MGD) WATER USE (MGD) 8 7
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Table 3.11d. Industries in the Minn
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Table 3.11d. Industries in the Minn
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WATER USE (MGD) WATER USE (MGD) 12
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Table 3.12c. Industries in the Miss
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Table 3.17c. Industries in the West
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MN Permit No Facility Minnesota Mun
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MN Permit No Facility Minnesota Mun
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Minnesota DNR Waters 2005 Ground-wa
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Permit No. Organization NAICS Code
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Metropolitan Council Recycling Trea
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TM2: Sampling Plan and Results Recy
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Recommended Limits for Various Indu
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Exhibit B Blue Lake WWTP Sampling R
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MCES Blue Lake Plant Final Effluent
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Date Day of Wk MCES Blue Lake Plant
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MCES Empire Plant Final Effluent Sa
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Date Day of Wk 10/24/06 Tuesday 10/
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Date Day of Wk 10/24/06 Tuesday 10/
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Page 348 and 349: Exhibit D Metropolitan (Metro) WWTP
Page 350 and 351: MCES Metropolitan Plant Final Efflu
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Page 358 and 359: MCES Seneca Plant Final Effluent Sa
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Page 366 and 367: Metropolitan Council Recycling Trea
Page 368 and 369: Section 5 - Costs Table of Contents
Page 370 and 371: TM3: Recycled Wastewater System Com
Page 374 and 375: WWTP 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 1 Treatmen
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Page 403 and 404: Table 13 WATER REUSE SYSTEM COST OF
Page 409 and 410: Cost of Service, $/1000 gallon 1.00
Page 419 and 420: Cost of Service, $/1000 gallons 8.0
Page 423 and 424: Appendix A Water Reuse Regulatory E
Page 425 and 426: Table A-1. 2000 California Water Re
Page 427 and 428: California Department of Health Ser
Page 429 and 430: Other Media Type Filters Fuzzy Filt
Page 431 and 432: Appendix B TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM Rec
Page 433 and 434: Appendix B Reclaimed Water Transmis
Page 435 and 436: Exhibit 1 Transmission Main Cost To
Page 437 and 438: Pipe Installation Data (DR 18 PVC P
Page 439 and 440: Equipment Costs (with O&P) Item Des
Page 441 and 442: Water Reuse Pipe Line Construction
Page 443 and 444: Construction Unit Costs Item (2006
Page 445 and 446: Crew Costs (with O&P) St. Paul Pres
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Capital PROJECT Cost Curves for Rec
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Diam (in) Annual Average Day Flow A
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Diam (in) Annual Average Day Flow A
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Pipe Capital Project Cost, $ Millio
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Pipe Capital Project Cost, $/1000 g
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Annual Pipe Average Annual Velocity
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Pipe Capital Project Cost, $ Millio
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Exhibit 3 Water Reuse System O&M Co
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Diam (in) Annual Average Day Flow (
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Pumping Cost, $/1000 gallons 0.095
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Water Reuse System Estimated Cost o
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WATER REUSE SYSTEM COST OF SERVICE
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Appendix D-1 Water Reuse System Cos
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Water Reuse System Estimates of Pro
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Cost of Service, $/1000 gallon 2.00
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Cost Curves as Basis for Tertiary 1
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Secondary Treatment Assumptions Sus
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Craddock Consulting Engineers 1 In
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TM4: WWTP Effluent Quality Recyclin
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Frequency of Occurrence, % Frequenc
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No. of Plants Total Permitting Desi
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Frequency of Occurrence, % Frequenc
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No. of Plants Total Permitting Desi
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Craddock Consulting Engineers 1 In
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1.0 Introduction This technical mem
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Exhibit A Regulatory Stakeholder Me
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MCES Recycling Treated Wastewater f
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Municipal Wastewater Reuse Regulato
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Exhibit B Industry Stakeholder Meet
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Recycling Treated Wastewater For In
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Institutional Issues Topic Discussi
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Institutional Issues Topic Discussi
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Exhibit C Broader Base Stakeholder
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