Recycling Treated Municipal Wastewater for Industrial Water Use

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Executive Summary Vision Executive Summary Recycling Treated Municipal Wastewater for Industrial Water Use Conserving Minnesota’s water resources is important to the state’s long-term development. The potential to use treated municipal wastewater as a water supply for industrial use is of interest as a way to conserve water resources while supporting economic Guiding Goal: Conserve Minnesota’s water resources development. With interest in recycling treated municipal wastewater growing, the Metropolitan Council (Met Council) undertook this study titled, “Recycling Treated Municipal Wastewater for Industrial Water Use.” Funding for this project Benefits: Reduce ground water depletion by providing an alternative supply for nonpotable water uses Provide a reliable and potentially lower cost water source for industries was recommended by the Legislative Commission on Minnesota Resources (LCMR) from the Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund. The Met Council and other agencies provided in-kind contributions of staff time and production services. The study’s objectives were: (1) Determine the feasibility of recycling treated municipal wastewater for industrial water use in Minnesota, and (2) Identify implementation issues associated with this recycling. Findings and Next Steps Recycling treated municipal wastewater can conserve water resources and support industries and economic development. In coming to this conclusion, the study first evaluated the feasibility of wastewater recycling as an industrial water source and then identified implementation issues. Findings are summarized in Figure ES.1 and described below. Figure ES.1. Key Findings Demand & Supply Analysis Supply is adequate for demand statewide: Supply=425 mgd* Demand=445 mgd** total, with 60 mgd for ground water Matching industries and wastewater treatment plants geographically can be an issue Most immediate benefit to water resources: industrial use of ground water to reserve aquifer for potable uses Objective 1 Feasibility for Industrial Water Use Water Quality and Treatment Requirements Industrial water quality requirements can be met by adding new treatment processes or upgrading existing ones at municipal wastewater treatment plants Removal of hardness and high salt levels likely required for significant uses Technology is available to protect public health and meet all industry requirements Recycled wastewater can be competitive with traditional supplies in some cases Removal of hardness and high salt levels significantly adds to the cost Cost efficiency improves as wastewater usage increases, which favors systems delivering over 1 mgd Objective 2 Implementation Issues Environmental Stewardship: – requires a positive image – industry view = “the right thing to do” Regulations: unknowns could deter some projects Incentives and Risk: – financial incentives to compete with low cost of traditional water source – liability issues to resolve Data and Research: studies to further gather technical information Metropolitan Council Environmental Services 1 Costs *mgd: million gallons per day **Excludes surface water use by power facilities; based only on permitted water users Implementation Issues
Executive Summary Recycling Treated Municipal Wastewater for Industrial Water Use Figure ES.2 shows that non-power industries in Minnesota use 442 million gallons per day (mgd) of water from their own permitted supplies. The quantity of treated municipal wastewater available statewide, estimated at 425 mgd, could fill a portion of this industry water demand. However, industries and wastewater plants are not always close to each other. Over half of the treated municipal wastewater, 255 mgd, is generated in the Twin Cities metro area while industrial water demand in the metro area is estimated at 75 mgd. Wastewater treatment technologies are available to meet the highest levels of water quality required by industries and protect public health. Treatment technologies are becoming more competitive. For some industry needs, only minimal changes to a Figure ES.2. Water Use in Minnesota, 2004 Power Generation 2,380 mgd (63%) Water Utility 556 mgd (15%) Industrial Processing 442 mgd (12%) Special Categories 33 mgd (1%) Temporary 5 mgd (
Page 2 and 3: Acknowledgements This study was con
Page 4 and 5: Contents Recycling Treated Municipa
Page 6 and 7: Contents Recycling Treated Municipa
Page 10 and 11: Section 1: Introduction 1.1 Project
Page 12 and 13: Table 1.2. Water Use in Minnesota,
Page 14 and 15: Section 1: Introduction Recycling T
Page 16 and 17: 1.5 Summary Section 1: Introduction
Page 18 and 19: Section 2: Recycled Wastewater Dema
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Page 46 and 47: Water Quality Overview The total co
Page 48 and 49: Industrial Water Quality Concerns S
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Section 3: Recycled Wastewater Syst
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Cost by Standard Industry Categorie
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Costs and Planning Considerations S
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Section 4: Implementation Considera
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Economic Incentives and Risk Assess
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Section 5: Summary and Potential Ne
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Long-Term Vision Section 5: Summary
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Exhibit A: California Water Recycli
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Metropolitan Council Recycling Trea
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Contents Section 1 - Introduction C
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Craddock Consulting Engineers In As
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Section 1 Introduction Craddock Con
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Craddock Consulting Engineers 2-1 I
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Section 2 Implementation Considerat
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Table 2.4. Examples of State Water
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Craddock Consulting Engineers 3-1 I
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Section 3 Inventory of Major WWTPs
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Figure 3.6. Industrial Reuse Custom
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Figure 3.7b. Ground Water Availabil
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") Figure 3.8c. Cedar River Watersh
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") ") ") ") Figure 3.10c. Lower Mis
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Figure 3.12c. Mississippi River - H
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Figure 3.14b. Rainy River Watershed
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") Figure 3.16c. St. Croix River Wa
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Figure 3.18 Metro Area Industrial R
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G G Flying Cloud Dr !! G! G Figure
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Figure 3.22. Rogers WWTP - Industri
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G G G! Dodd Rd GG Figure 3.24. Rose
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G Figure 3.26. Hastings WWTP - Indu
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State Hwy 36 ! Figure 3.28. St. Cro
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Water Use Code Categories Minnesota
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Minnesota Water Use for All Categor
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Air Conditioning 0.2% Waterworks 15
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Minnesota Water Use, 2000-2004 - St
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Minnesota Water Use in 2004 (withou
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Minnesota Water Use in 2000 (withou
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UseCode by Year Minnesota Power Gen
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Water Use (MGD) Water Use (MGD) 350
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Minnesota Industrial Processing Fac
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Minnesota Industrial Processing Fac
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Water Use (MGD) Water Use (MGD) 120
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Water Use (MGD) Water Use (MGD) 13.
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Overview There are no federal regul
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Appendix B Status of Water Reuse Re
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Table 4. Examples of State Water Re
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Setback Distances Appendix B Status
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WATER USE (MGD) WATER USE (MGD) 3.5
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Table 3.9a. Industrial Water Use in
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Table 3.10a. Industrial Water Use i
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Table 3.10d. Industries in the Lowe
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WATER USE (MGD) WATER USE (MGD) 8 7
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Table 3.11d. Industries in the Minn
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Table 3.11d. Industries in the Minn
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WATER USE (MGD) WATER USE (MGD) 12
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Table 3.12c. Industries in the Miss
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Table 3.17c. Industries in the West
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MN Permit No Facility Minnesota Mun
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MN Permit No Facility Minnesota Mun
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Minnesota DNR Waters 2005 Ground-wa
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Permit No. Organization NAICS Code
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TM2: Sampling Plan and Results Recy
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Recommended Limits for Various Indu
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Exhibit B Blue Lake WWTP Sampling R
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MCES Blue Lake Plant Final Effluent
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Date Day of Wk MCES Blue Lake Plant
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MCES Empire Plant Final Effluent Sa
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Date Day of Wk 10/24/06 Tuesday 10/
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Exhibit D Metropolitan (Metro) WWTP
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MCES Metropolitan Plant Final Efflu
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Date Day of Wk 4/19/07 Thursday 4/2
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MCES Seneca Plant Final Effluent Sa
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Date Day of Wk 10/8/06 Sunday 10/9/
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Section 5 - Costs Table of Contents
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TM3: Recycled Wastewater System Com
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WWTP 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 1 Treatmen
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o Synthetic medium o Two-stage Surf
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Table 13 WATER REUSE SYSTEM COST OF
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Cost of Service, $/1000 gallon 1.00
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Cost of Service, $/1000 gallons 8.0
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Appendix A Water Reuse Regulatory E
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Table A-1. 2000 California Water Re
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California Department of Health Ser
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Other Media Type Filters Fuzzy Filt
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Appendix B TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM Rec
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Appendix B Reclaimed Water Transmis
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Exhibit 1 Transmission Main Cost To
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Pipe Installation Data (DR 18 PVC P
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Equipment Costs (with O&P) Item Des
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Water Reuse Pipe Line Construction
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Construction Unit Costs Item (2006
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Crew Costs (with O&P) St. Paul Pres
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Capital PROJECT Cost Curves for Rec
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Diam (in) Annual Average Day Flow A
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Diam (in) Annual Average Day Flow A
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Pipe Capital Project Cost, $ Millio
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Pipe Capital Project Cost, $/1000 g
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Annual Pipe Average Annual Velocity
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Pipe Capital Project Cost, $ Millio
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Exhibit 3 Water Reuse System O&M Co
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Diam (in) Annual Average Day Flow (
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Pumping Cost, $/1000 gallons 0.095
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Water Reuse System Estimated Cost o
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WATER REUSE SYSTEM COST OF SERVICE
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Appendix D-1 Water Reuse System Cos
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Water Reuse System Estimates of Pro
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Cost Curves as Basis for Tertiary 1
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Secondary Treatment Assumptions Sus
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Craddock Consulting Engineers 1 In
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TM4: WWTP Effluent Quality Recyclin
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Frequency of Occurrence, % Frequenc
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No. of Plants Total Permitting Desi
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Frequency of Occurrence, % Frequenc
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No. of Plants Total Permitting Desi
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Craddock Consulting Engineers 1 In
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1.0 Introduction This technical mem
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Exhibit A Regulatory Stakeholder Me
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MCES Recycling Treated Wastewater f
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Municipal Wastewater Reuse Regulato
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Exhibit B Industry Stakeholder Meet
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Recycling Treated Wastewater For In
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Institutional Issues Topic Discussi
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Institutional Issues Topic Discussi
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Exhibit C Broader Base Stakeholder
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