Recycling Treated Municipal Wastewater for Industrial Water Use

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Recycling Treated Wastewater For Industrial Water Use in Minnesota MCES Project 070186 / LCMR 05-07d 5/1/07 Water Reuse Stakeholder Meeting April 24, 2007 Discussion Summary b. Agricultural irrigation, mostly alfalfa and corn for animal feed c. Toilet flush water d. Power plant cooling water with mist spray from towers 6. Invest in a pilot study to demonstrate that a process meets the public health and other water quality criteria. a. Example provided for industry that made cardboard boxes that were in contact with fruits and vegetables. b. Documented process parameters such as temperature and water quality parameters, plus final product use c. No health issues noted; met water quality criteria 7. Water reuse information can be provided on the MPCA website (given followup with other MPCA departments). 8. Is there a demand for reclaimed water that requires investment in water regulation development? a. How do we forecast this demand and plan for it? b. Regulatory community would support setting criteria if there was a demand. 9. Questions were raised by municipalities on whether their NPDES limits would be changed given the changes in their discharge from the receiving stream to reuse applications. a. There are some cases where the reduced quantity could affect a municipality from meeting a concentration limit. For example, for plants with ammonia limits that handle ammonia recycle from their digesters – often need the volume to meet the concentration limit, but are fine with the mass limit. b. Will the NPDES limits be changed to correspond to the reduced flow and mass to the receiving stream that is directed to reuse? c. For reclaimed water that is used by an entity and a portion discharged back to a receiving stream located in a different watershed or stream segment – how will this affect the TMDL for the associated streams? d. Concern expressed that in the TMDL process, the existing allocation for the WWTP will be reallocated because of the reduction in discharge for reuse. However, the reuse customer may go out of business or change practices and then the municipality would need to go back to the receiving stream. The WWTP would then be in violation of their permit. e. How the TMDL process affects a permit will depend on the timing of the NPDES permit revisions for water reuse with the TMDL process for the associated receiving stream. Page 3 of 8
Recycling Treated Wastewater For Industrial Water Use in Minnesota MCES Project 070186 / LCMR 05-07d 5/1/07 Water Reuse Stakeholder Meeting April 24, 2007 Discussion Summary 10. How did the TMDL process fit with existing reuse applications in MN? a. For the golf course irrigation projects, land application was required for WWTP effluent because there was no discharge to waterways available/allowed. b. Mankato is in an area with an existing TMDL. In this case it was unique, because the reclaimed flow was directed back to the WWTP and was discharged with their effluent. 11. Is a DNR Appropriations Permit required? In most cases no. As with Mankato/Calpine Corporation, Calpine did not need one. It is possible if the reclaimed supply passes a watershed divide or other circumstances, then an appropriations permit may be required. 12. Seasonal nutrient removal limits for receiving streams promote reuse for agricultural or urban irrigation. Liability 1. In other states, compliance with permit limits provides the assurance of a safe supply for public health. Agreements are used to list specific requirements for quality and quantity for a given industry. Monitoring assesses compliance with limits and serves as a record to determine if the supply causes a problem in the industry’s production process 2. If a problem arises from use of a potable supply, an industry would not make a claim against a public water utility for resulting damages. 3. Liability related caps: • Environmental damage - $250,000 • Product damage - $1M 4. Wastewater quality is more variable and there is limited control over illegal dumping into the system. A wastewater utility could track a problem to an industrial discharge – putting fault on another entity. 5. Use reservoirs/storage to dampen spikes or other variability in wastewater quality. 6. Concern expressed on cross-connections to the potable supply. a. Need an ongoing inspection program to ensure infrastructure is performing adequately to prevent backflow of reclaimed system into potable system. b. Need standards for back-flow prevention devices. c. Place as a requirement of the user. Page 4 of 8
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Acknowledgements This study was con
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Contents Recycling Treated Municipa
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Contents Recycling Treated Municipa
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Executive Summary Vision Executive
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Section 1: Introduction 1.1 Project
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Table 1.2. Water Use in Minnesota,
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Section 1: Introduction Recycling T
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1.5 Summary Section 1: Introduction
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Section 2: Recycled Wastewater Dema
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Figure 2.9. Ground Water Contaminat
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Table 2.8. Ethanol Plant Capacity a
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2.7 References Section 2: Recycled
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Section 3: Recycled Wastewater Syst
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Water Quality Overview The total co
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Industrial Water Quality Concerns S
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Emerging Contaminants of Concern Se
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3.4 Storage and Transmission Overvi
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Cost by Standard Industry Categorie
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Costs and Planning Considerations S
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Section 4: Implementation Considera
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Economic Incentives and Risk Assess
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Section 5: Summary and Potential Ne
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Long-Term Vision Section 5: Summary
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Exhibit A: California Water Recycli
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Metropolitan Council Recycling Trea
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Contents Section 1 - Introduction C
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Craddock Consulting Engineers In As
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Section 1 Introduction Craddock Con
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Craddock Consulting Engineers 2-1 I
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Section 2 Implementation Considerat
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Table 2.4. Examples of State Water
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Craddock Consulting Engineers 3-1 I
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Section 3 Inventory of Major WWTPs
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Figure 3.6. Industrial Reuse Custom
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Figure 3.7b. Ground Water Availabil
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") Figure 3.8c. Cedar River Watersh
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") ") ") ") Figure 3.10c. Lower Mis
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Figure 3.12c. Mississippi River - H
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Figure 3.14b. Rainy River Watershed
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") Figure 3.16c. St. Croix River Wa
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Figure 3.18 Metro Area Industrial R
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G G Flying Cloud Dr !! G! G Figure
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Figure 3.22. Rogers WWTP - Industri
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G G G! Dodd Rd GG Figure 3.24. Rose
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G Figure 3.26. Hastings WWTP - Indu
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State Hwy 36 ! Figure 3.28. St. Cro
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Water Use Code Categories Minnesota
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Minnesota Water Use for All Categor
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Air Conditioning 0.2% Waterworks 15
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Minnesota Water Use, 2000-2004 - St
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Minnesota Water Use in 2004 (withou
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Minnesota Water Use in 2000 (withou
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UseCode by Year Minnesota Power Gen
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Water Use (MGD) Water Use (MGD) 350
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Minnesota Industrial Processing Fac
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Minnesota Industrial Processing Fac
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Water Use (MGD) Water Use (MGD) 120
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Water Use (MGD) Water Use (MGD) 13.
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Overview There are no federal regul
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Appendix B Status of Water Reuse Re
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Table 4. Examples of State Water Re
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Setback Distances Appendix B Status
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WATER USE (MGD) WATER USE (MGD) 3.5
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Table 3.9a. Industrial Water Use in
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Table 3.10a. Industrial Water Use i
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Table 3.10d. Industries in the Lowe
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WATER USE (MGD) WATER USE (MGD) 8 7
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Table 3.11d. Industries in the Minn
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Table 3.11d. Industries in the Minn
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WATER USE (MGD) WATER USE (MGD) 12
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Table 3.12c. Industries in the Miss
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Table 3.17c. Industries in the West
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MN Permit No Facility Minnesota Mun
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MN Permit No Facility Minnesota Mun
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Minnesota DNR Waters 2005 Ground-wa
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Permit No. Organization NAICS Code
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TM2: Sampling Plan and Results Recy
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Recommended Limits for Various Indu
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Exhibit B Blue Lake WWTP Sampling R
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MCES Blue Lake Plant Final Effluent
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Date Day of Wk MCES Blue Lake Plant
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MCES Empire Plant Final Effluent Sa
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Date Day of Wk 10/24/06 Tuesday 10/
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Exhibit D Metropolitan (Metro) WWTP
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MCES Metropolitan Plant Final Efflu
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Date Day of Wk 4/19/07 Thursday 4/2
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MCES Seneca Plant Final Effluent Sa
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Date Day of Wk 10/8/06 Sunday 10/9/
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Section 5 - Costs Table of Contents
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TM3: Recycled Wastewater System Com
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WWTP 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 1 Treatmen
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o Synthetic medium o Two-stage Surf
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Table 13 WATER REUSE SYSTEM COST OF
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Cost of Service, $/1000 gallon 1.00
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Cost of Service, $/1000 gallons 8.0
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Appendix A Water Reuse Regulatory E
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Table A-1. 2000 California Water Re
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California Department of Health Ser
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Other Media Type Filters Fuzzy Filt
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Appendix B TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM Rec
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Appendix B Reclaimed Water Transmis
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Exhibit 1 Transmission Main Cost To
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Pipe Installation Data (DR 18 PVC P
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Equipment Costs (with O&P) Item Des
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Water Reuse Pipe Line Construction
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Construction Unit Costs Item (2006
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Crew Costs (with O&P) St. Paul Pres
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Capital PROJECT Cost Curves for Rec
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Diam (in) Annual Average Day Flow A
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Diam (in) Annual Average Day Flow A
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Pipe Capital Project Cost, $ Millio
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Pipe Capital Project Cost, $/1000 g
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Annual Pipe Average Annual Velocity
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Pipe Capital Project Cost, $ Millio
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Exhibit 3 Water Reuse System O&M Co
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Diam (in) Annual Average Day Flow (
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Pumping Cost, $/1000 gallons 0.095
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Water Reuse System Estimated Cost o
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WATER REUSE SYSTEM COST OF SERVICE
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Appendix D-1 Water Reuse System Cos
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Water Reuse System Estimates of Pro
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Cost Curves as Basis for Tertiary 1
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Secondary Treatment Assumptions Sus
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Craddock Consulting Engineers 1 In
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TM4: WWTP Effluent Quality Recyclin
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Frequency of Occurrence, % Frequenc
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No. of Plants Total Permitting Desi
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Page 587 and 588: Institutional Issues Topic Discussi
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Page 599 and 600: Exhibit C Broader Base Stakeholder
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Recycling Treated Municipal Wastewater for Industrial Water Use

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