Recycling Treated Municipal Wastewater for Industrial Water Use

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Water Quality Overview The total coliform limits and treatment process requirements imposed by the Title 22 regulations are the only regulatory criteria that must be met for all Minnesota Section 3: Recycled Wastewater System Components and Costs Recycling Treated Municipal Wastewater for Industrial Water Use There are two water quality drivers that affect the treatment requirements for a specific recycled wastewater supply: Regulatory requirements: typically for the protection of public health and the environment, with a focus on microbiological parameters. User-specific requirements: specific water supply uses, which in the case of industries is a very specific set of water quality criteria for a given facility. Recycled wastewater for industrial use in Minnesota is currently required to meet regulatory limits based on the California Water Recycling Criteria, Title 22 California Code of Regulations (Title 22). The complete list of criteria is included in Appendix A. The criteria specific to industrial applications (excluding any irrigation uses) are listed in Table 3.1. The MPCA handles permitting recycled wastewater as part of the NPDES permit process. The MPCA establishes recycled wastewater water quality criteria on a case-by-case basis and bases its assessment on the Title 22 criteria. Therefore, the Title 22 criteria will serve as the basis for selection of treatment technologies to meet regulatory requirements in this study. Table 3.1. California Water Recycling Criteria (Industrial Uses) Type of Use Cooling water where no mist created Process water with no worker contact Boiler feed Mixing concrete Cooling water where mist created 2 Process water where worker contact likely Total Coliform Limits ≤ 23/100 ml 1 ≤ 240/100 ml (max in any 30day period) ≤ 2.2/100 ml 1 ≤ 23/100 ml (max in any 30day period) Treatment Required Secondary Disinfection Source: Adapted from State of California [2000]. 1 Based on running 7-day median; daily sampling is required. 2 Drift eliminator required; chlorine or other biocide required to treat cooling water to control Legionella and other microorganisms. 3 Not required under certain conditions. Secondary Coagulation 3 Filtration Disinfection industrial recycled wastewater uses. The other water quality criteria that will drive the treatment process selection will vary with the specific use of the water. These use-specific criteria do not need to meet a regulatory permit limit, but would likely be listed as concentration requirements in an agreement between a municipality and industry for supply of recycled wastewater. Generalized water quality limits for various industrial uses are provided in Table 3.2 and several constituents are discussed below. Metropolitan Council Environmental Services 39
Section 3: Recycled Wastewater System Components and Costs Recycling Treated Municipal Wastewater for Industrial Water Use Figure 3.2. Generalized Water Quality Criteria for Select Industrial Uses Constituent (in mg/l) Cooling Water Boiler Feed Water Pulp & Paper Textiles (Makeup for Recirculating Systems)* Low Pressure (700 psig) Mechanical Piping Chemical, Unbleached Pulp & Paper, Bleached Chemical Petrochem & Coal Sizing Suspension Scouring, Bleach & Dye Cement Alkalinity (as CaCO3) 20-350 350 100 40 -- -- -- 125 -- -- -- 400 Aluminum (Al) 0.1 5 0.1 0.01 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Calcium (Ca) 50 -- 0.4 0.01 -- 20 20 70 75 -- -- -- Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 45 5 5 1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Chloride (Cl) 100-500 -- -- -- 1,000 200 200 500 300 -- -- 250 Color (units -- 30 30 10 20 25 5 5 -- Copper (Cu) -- 0.5 0.05 0.05 -- -- -- -- 0.05 0.01 -- -- Dissolved Oxygen (DO) -- 2.5 0.007 0.007 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Iron (Fe) 0.5 1 0.3 0.05 0.3 1 0.1 0.1 1 0.3 0.1 2.5 Hardness as CaCO3) 130-650 350 1 0.07 -- 100 100 250 350 25 25 -- Bicarbonate (HCO3) 25-200 170 120 48 -- -- -- 130 450 -- -- -- Magnesium (Mg) -- -- 0.25 0.01 -- 12 12 20 30 -- -- -- Manganese (Mn) 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.01 0.1 0.5 0.05 0.1 -- 0.05 0.01 0.5 Ammonia (NH3) 24 0.1 0.1 0.1 -- -- -- -- 40 -- -- -- Nitrate (NO3) -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 5 10 -- -- -- Phosphorus (Total: TP) 1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- pH (units) -- -- -- -- 6 – 10 6 – 10 6 – 10 5.5-9.0 6 – 9 -- -- 6.5 – 8.5 Silicondioxide (SiO2) 50 30 10 0.7 -- 50 50 50 60 -- -- 35 Sulfate (SO4) 200 -- -- -- -- -- -- 100 600 -- -- 250 Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) 500 700 500 200 -- -- -- 1,000 1,000 100 100 600 Total Suspended Solids (TSS) 100 10 5 0.5 -- 10 10 5 10 5 5 500 Zinc (Zn) -- -- 0.01 0.01 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- *Maximum of value range refers to concentration in final cooing stream discharge. Source: Adapted from Water Pollution Control Federation, 1989; Goldstein et al, 1970; Metcalf & Eddy, 2007 40 Metropolitan Council Environmental Services
Page 2 and 3: Acknowledgements This study was con
Page 4 and 5: Contents Recycling Treated Municipa
Page 6 and 7: Contents Recycling Treated Municipa
Page 8 and 9: Executive Summary Vision Executive
Page 10 and 11: Section 1: Introduction 1.1 Project
Page 12 and 13: Table 1.2. Water Use in Minnesota,
Page 14 and 15: Section 1: Introduction Recycling T
Page 16 and 17: 1.5 Summary Section 1: Introduction
Page 18 and 19: Section 2: Recycled Wastewater Dema
Page 26 and 27: Figure 2.9. Ground Water Contaminat
Page 28: Section 2: Recycled Wastewater Dema
Page 31: Section 2: Recycled Wastewater Dema
Page 38 and 39: Table 2.8. Ethanol Plant Capacity a
Page 42 and 43: 2.7 References Section 2: Recycled
Page 44 and 45: Section 3: Recycled Wastewater Syst
Page 48 and 49: Industrial Water Quality Concerns S
Page 50 and 51: Emerging Contaminants of Concern Se
Page 56 and 57: 3.4 Storage and Transmission Overvi
Page 60 and 61: Cost by Standard Industry Categorie
Page 62 and 63: Costs and Planning Considerations S
Page 64 and 65: Section 4: Implementation Considera
Page 66 and 67: Economic Incentives and Risk Assess
Page 68 and 69: Section 5: Summary and Potential Ne
Page 70 and 71: Long-Term Vision Section 5: Summary
Page 72: Exhibit A: California Water Recycli
Page 75 and 76: Metropolitan Council Recycling Trea
Page 77 and 78: Contents Section 1 - Introduction C
Page 79 and 80: Craddock Consulting Engineers In As
Page 81 and 82: Section 1 Introduction Craddock Con
Page 87 and 88: Craddock Consulting Engineers 2-1 I
Page 89 and 90: Section 2 Implementation Considerat
Page 95 and 96: Table 2.4. Examples of State Water
Page 97 and 98:
Section 2 Implementation Considerat
Page 99 and 100:
Page 101 and 102:
Page 103 and 104:
Page 105 and 106:
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109:
Page 112 and 113:
Page 114 and 115:
Page 116 and 117:
Page 118 and 119:
Craddock Consulting Engineers 3-1 I
Page 120 and 121:
Section 3 Inventory of Major WWTPs
Page 122 and 123:
Page 124 and 125:
Figure 3.6. Industrial Reuse Custom
Page 126 and 127:
Page 128 and 129:
Figure 3.7b. Ground Water Availabil
Page 130 and 131:
Page 132 and 133:
") Figure 3.8c. Cedar River Watersh
Page 134 and 135:
Page 136 and 137:
Page 138 and 139:
Page 140 and 141:
") ") ") ") Figure 3.10c. Lower Mis
Page 142 and 143:
Page 144 and 145:
Page 146 and 147:
Page 148 and 149:
Page 150 and 151:
Page 152 and 153:
Figure 3.12c. Mississippi River - H
Page 154 and 155:
Page 156 and 157:
Page 158 and 159:
Figure 3.14b. Rainy River Watershed
Page 160 and 161:
Page 162 and 163:
Page 164 and 165:
Page 166 and 167:
") Figure 3.16c. St. Croix River Wa
Page 168 and 169:
Page 170 and 171:
Page 172 and 173:
Page 174 and 175:
Figure 3.18 Metro Area Industrial R
Page 176 and 177:
Page 178 and 179:
G G Flying Cloud Dr !! G! G Figure
Page 180 and 181:
Page 182 and 183:
Figure 3.22. Rogers WWTP - Industri
Page 184 and 185:
Page 186 and 187:
G G G! Dodd Rd GG Figure 3.24. Rose
Page 188 and 189:
Page 190 and 191:
G Figure 3.26. Hastings WWTP - Indu
Page 192 and 193:
State Hwy 36 ! Figure 3.28. St. Cro
Page 194 and 195:
Page 196 and 197:
Page 198 and 199:
Craddock Consulting Engineers In As
Page 200 and 201:
Water Use Code Categories Minnesota
Page 202 and 203:
Minnesota Water Use for All Categor
Page 204 and 205:
Air Conditioning 0.2% Waterworks 15
Page 206 and 207:
Minnesota Water Use, 2000-2004 - St
Page 208 and 209:
Minnesota Water Use in 2004 (withou
Page 210 and 211:
Minnesota Water Use in 2000 (withou
Page 212 and 213:
UseCode by Year Minnesota Power Gen
Page 214 and 215:
Water Use (MGD) Water Use (MGD) 350
Page 216 and 217:
Minnesota Industrial Processing Fac
Page 218 and 219:
Minnesota Industrial Processing Fac
Page 220 and 221:
Water Use (MGD) Water Use (MGD) 120
Page 222 and 223:
Water Use (MGD) Water Use (MGD) 13.
Page 224 and 225:
Page 226 and 227:
Overview There are no federal regul
Page 228 and 229:
Appendix B Status of Water Reuse Re
Page 230 and 231:
Page 232 and 233:
Table 4. Examples of State Water Re
Page 234 and 235:
Page 236 and 237:
Page 238 and 239:
Setback Distances Appendix B Status
Page 240 and 241:
Page 242 and 243:
Page 244 and 245:
Page 246 and 247:
Page 248 and 249:
WATER USE (MGD) WATER USE (MGD) 3.5
Page 250 and 251:
Table 3.9a. Industrial Water Use in
Page 252 and 253:
Table 3.10a. Industrial Water Use i
Page 254 and 255:
Table 3.10d. Industries in the Lowe
Page 256 and 257:
WATER USE (MGD) WATER USE (MGD) 8 7
Page 258 and 259:
Table 3.11d. Industries in the Minn
Page 260 and 261:
Table 3.11d. Industries in the Minn
Page 262 and 263:
WATER USE (MGD) WATER USE (MGD) 12
Page 264 and 265:
Table 3.12c. Industries in the Miss
Page 266 and 267:
Page 268 and 269:
Page 270 and 271:
Page 272 and 273:
Page 274 and 275:
Page 276 and 277:
Page 278 and 279:
Page 280 and 281:
Page 282 and 283:
Table 3.17c. Industries in the West
Page 284 and 285:
MN Permit No Facility Minnesota Mun
Page 286 and 287:
MN Permit No Facility Minnesota Mun
Page 288 and 289:
Page 290:
Minnesota DNR Waters 2005 Ground-wa
Page 294 and 295:
Page 296 and 297:
Permit No. Organization NAICS Code
Page 298 and 299:
Page 300 and 301:
Page 302 and 303:
Page 304 and 305:
Page 306 and 307:
Page 308 and 309:
Page 310 and 311:
Metropolitan Council Recycling Trea
Page 312 and 313:
TM2: Sampling Plan and Results Recy
Page 314 and 315:
Page 316 and 317:
Page 318 and 319:
Page 320 and 321:
Page 322 and 323:
Page 324 and 325:
Page 326 and 327:
Recommended Limits for Various Indu
Page 328:
Exhibit B Blue Lake WWTP Sampling R
Page 331 and 332:
MCES Blue Lake Plant Final Effluent
Page 333 and 334:
Date Day of Wk MCES Blue Lake Plant
Page 335 and 336:
Page 337 and 338:
Page 340 and 341:
MCES Empire Plant Final Effluent Sa
Page 342 and 343:
Date Day of Wk 10/24/06 Tuesday 10/
Page 344 and 345:
Page 346 and 347:
Page 348 and 349:
Exhibit D Metropolitan (Metro) WWTP
Page 350 and 351:
MCES Metropolitan Plant Final Efflu
Page 352 and 353:
Date Day of Wk 4/19/07 Thursday 4/2
Page 354 and 355:
Page 356 and 357:
Page 358 and 359:
MCES Seneca Plant Final Effluent Sa
Page 360 and 361:
Date Day of Wk 10/8/06 Sunday 10/9/
Page 362 and 363:
Page 364 and 365:
Page 366 and 367:
Metropolitan Council Recycling Trea
Page 368 and 369:
Section 5 - Costs Table of Contents
Page 370 and 371:
TM3: Recycled Wastewater System Com
Page 372 and 373:
Page 374 and 375:
WWTP 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 1 Treatmen
Page 376 and 377:
Page 378 and 379:
Page 380 and 381:
Page 382:
o Synthetic medium o Two-stage Surf
Page 385 and 386:
Page 387 and 388:
Page 389 and 390:
Page 391 and 392:
Page 393 and 394:
Page 395 and 396:
Page 397 and 398:
Page 399 and 400:
Page 401 and 402:
Page 403 and 404:
Table 13 WATER REUSE SYSTEM COST OF
Page 405 and 406:
Page 407 and 408:
Page 409 and 410:
Cost of Service, $/1000 gallon 1.00
Page 411 and 412:
Page 413 and 414:
Page 415 and 416:
Page 417 and 418:
Page 419 and 420:
Cost of Service, $/1000 gallons 8.0
Page 421 and 422:
Page 423 and 424:
Appendix A Water Reuse Regulatory E
Page 425 and 426:
Table A-1. 2000 California Water Re
Page 427 and 428:
California Department of Health Ser
Page 429 and 430:
Other Media Type Filters Fuzzy Filt
Page 431 and 432:
Appendix B TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM Rec
Page 433 and 434:
Appendix B Reclaimed Water Transmis
Page 435 and 436:
Exhibit 1 Transmission Main Cost To
Page 437 and 438:
Pipe Installation Data (DR 18 PVC P
Page 439 and 440:
Equipment Costs (with O&P) Item Des
Page 441 and 442:
Water Reuse Pipe Line Construction
Page 443 and 444:
Construction Unit Costs Item (2006
Page 445 and 446:
Crew Costs (with O&P) St. Paul Pres
Page 447 and 448:
Capital PROJECT Cost Curves for Rec
Page 449 and 450:
Diam (in) Annual Average Day Flow A
Page 451 and 452:
Diam (in) Annual Average Day Flow A
Page 453 and 454:
Pipe Capital Project Cost, $ Millio
Page 455 and 456:
Pipe Capital Project Cost, $/1000 g
Page 457 and 458:
Page 459 and 460:
Page 461 and 462:
Annual Pipe Average Annual Velocity
Page 463 and 464:
Pipe Capital Project Cost, $ Millio
Page 465 and 466:
Exhibit 3 Water Reuse System O&M Co
Page 467 and 468:
Diam (in) Annual Average Day Flow (
Page 469 and 470:
Page 471 and 472:
Page 473 and 474:
Page 475 and 476:
Pumping Cost, $/1000 gallons 0.095
Page 477 and 478:
Water Reuse System Estimated Cost o
Page 479 and 480:
WATER REUSE SYSTEM COST OF SERVICE
Page 481 and 482:
Page 483 and 484:
Page 485 and 486:
Page 487 and 488:
Page 489 and 490:
Appendix D-1 Water Reuse System Cos
Page 491 and 492:
Water Reuse System Estimates of Pro
Page 493 and 494:
Page 495 and 496:
Cost Curves as Basis for Tertiary 1
Page 497 and 498:
Page 499 and 500:
Page 501 and 502:
Page 503 and 504:
Page 505 and 506:
Page 507 and 508:
Page 509 and 510:
Page 511 and 512:
Page 513 and 514:
Page 515 and 516:
Page 517 and 518:
Page 519 and 520:
Page 521 and 522:
Page 523 and 524:
Page 525 and 526:
Page 527 and 528:
Page 529 and 530:
Page 531 and 532:
Page 533 and 534:
Secondary Treatment Assumptions Sus
Page 535 and 536:
Page 537 and 538:
Page 539 and 540:
Page 541 and 542:
Craddock Consulting Engineers 1 In
Page 543 and 544:
TM4: WWTP Effluent Quality Recyclin
Page 545 and 546:
!( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !(
Page 547 and 548:
Page 549 and 550:
Frequency of Occurrence, % Frequenc
Page 551 and 552:
No. of Plants Total Permitting Desi
Page 553 and 554:
Page 555 and 556:
!( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !(
Page 557 and 558:
Page 559 and 560:
Frequency of Occurrence, % Frequenc
Page 561 and 562:
No. of Plants Total Permitting Desi
Page 563 and 564:
Page 565 and 566:
!( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !(
Page 567 and 568:
Page 569 and 570:
Craddock Consulting Engineers 1 In
Page 571 and 572:
1.0 Introduction This technical mem
Page 573 and 574:
Exhibit A Regulatory Stakeholder Me
Page 575 and 576:
MCES Recycling Treated Wastewater f
Page 577 and 578:
Page 579 and 580:
Municipal Wastewater Reuse Regulato
Page 581 and 582:
Page 583 and 584:
Exhibit B Industry Stakeholder Meet
Page 585 and 586:
Recycling Treated Wastewater For In
Page 587 and 588:
Institutional Issues Topic Discussi
Page 589 and 590:
Institutional Issues Topic Discussi
Page 591 and 592:
Page 593 and 594:
Page 595 and 596:
Page 597 and 598:
Page 599 and 600:
Exhibit C Broader Base Stakeholder
Page 601 and 602:
Page 603 and 604:
Page 605 and 606:
Page 607 and 608:
Page 609 and 610:
Page 611 and 612:
show all

Recycling Treated Municipal Wastewater for Industrial Water Use

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?