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NaIO 3 75.2 72.6 70.9 64.4 60.5 1⁄2Na 2MoO4 120.8 113 110 NaN 3 (25) 117.1 113.8 110.5 101.3 95.7 68.0 NaNO 2 (25) 75.9 63.1 53.6 39.7 NaNO 3 102.9 100.1 98.2 91.4 87.2 74.1 65.9 54.5 46.0 39.0 NaOH 208 203 200 190 183 172 160 108.0 69.0 Na picrate (25) 78.6 75.7 73.7 66.3 61.8 1 ⁄3Na3PO4 125 122 119 91 Na propionate (25) 83.5 80.9 79.1 1 ⁄2Na 2 S 117.0 104.3 85.0 71.0 59.0 47.2 NaSCN 74.3 68.9 59.8 50.9 43.7 1 ⁄2Na2SiO3 144 139 136 124 116 88 72 51 38 27 19 1⁄2Na 2SO4 106.7 100.8 96.8 83.9 78.4 59.7 50.8 40.0 33.5 (mono) Na tartrate 120 81.5 74.8 64.3 60.4 1 ⁄2Na WO (25) 116.1 109.2 104.8 92.2 85.8 2 4 1 ⁄2NiSO 4 96.3 79.5 70.8 51.0 43.8 30.4 25.1 19.3 15.1 1 ⁄2Oxalic acid 180.7 158.2 132.9 116.9 75.9 59.4 1 ⁄2Pb(NO 3) 2 116.1 108.6 103.5 86.3 77.3 53.2 42.0 31.0 Propionic acid 1.57 1.00 0.54 0.20 RbCl 130.3 127.4 125.3 117.8 113.9 101.9 97.1 92.7 87.2 RbOH 220.6 204.8 192.0 170.0 148.3 1 ⁄4SnCl 4 216.8 121.7 66.9 47.9 32.7 1 ⁄2SrCl 2 114.5 108.9 105.4 94.4 90.2 75.7 68.5 58.7 49.9 42.2 1 ⁄2Sr(NO 3) 2 108.3 102.7 99.0 87.3 80.9 62.7 52.1 38.0 29.3 29.3 16.4 Tartaric acid (15) 7.03 4.58 3.32 2.48 1.83 1 ⁄4ThCl 4 61.0 54.0 44.3 36.3 29.8 TlCl 128.2 123.7 120.2 TlF 113.3 108.2 105.4 97.4 92.6 78.8 71.5 62.7 TlNO 3 124.7 121.1 118.4 107.9 101.2 1 ⁄2Tl2SO4 127.4 118.4 112.3 92.7 83.1 Trichloroacetic acid (25) 273 207 127 79 44 19 1 ⁄2UO 2 F 2 (25) 26.10 12.31 9.17 5.43 4.74 3.75 3.22 1⁄2UO 2SO4 (25) 106.5 63.2 49.2 27.6 22.2 14.4 11.6 2.7 1 ⁄3YCl 3 (25) 129 122 118 109 1 ⁄2Zn(OAc) 2 (25) 83 77 73 58 49 1⁄2ZnCl 2 107 101 98 87 82 65 55 39.6 29.6 23.2 18.5 1 ⁄2Zn(NO 3) 2 120 114 111 100 1 ⁄2ZnSO 4 98.4 82.1 73.2 53.0 45.6 32.3 26.6 20.0 15.9 12.0 9.0 8.167
8.168 SECTION 8 TABLE 8.36 Conductivityof VeryPure Water at Various Temperatures and the Equivalent Conductances of Hydrogen and Hydroxyl Ions Equivalent conductance, cm 2 · ohm 1 · equivalent 1 Temp., C Conductivity, S ·cm 1 Resistivity, M ·cm 0 ,H 0 ,OH 0 0.011 61 86.14 224.1 117.8 5 0.016 61 60.21 250.0 133.6 10 0.023 15 43.21 275.6 149.6 15 0.031 53 31.71 300.9 165.9 18 0.037 54 26.64 315.8 491.6 20 0.042 05 23.78 325.7 182.5 25 0.055 08 18.15 350.1 199.2 30 0.070 96 14.09 374.0 216.1 35 0.090 05 11.10 397.4 233.0 40 0.112 7 8.88 420.0 267.2 45 0.139 3 7.18 442.0 267.2 50 0.170 2 5.88 463.3 284.3 55 0.205 5 4.86 483.8 301.4 60 0.245 7 4.06 503.4 318.5 65 0.291 2 3.43 522.0 335.4 70 0.341 6 2.93 539.7 352.2 75 0.397 8 2.51 556.4 368.8 80 0.459 3 2.18 572.0 385.2 85 0.525 8 1.90 586.4 401.4 90 0.597 7 1.67 599.6 417.3 95 0.675 3 1.48 611.6 432.8 100 0.756 9 1.32 622.2 448.1 150 1.84 0.543 200 2.99 0.334 824 701 250 3.31 0.302 300 2.42 0.413 894 821 Source: Data from T. S. Light and S. L. Licht, Anal. Chem., 59:2327–2330 (1987). 8.7.1 Common Conductance Relations* Conductivity. The standard unit of conductance is electrolytic conductivity (formerly called specific conductance) , which is defined as the reciprocal of the resistance [ 1 ] of a 1-m cube of liquid at a specified temperature [ 1 ·m 1 ]. See Table 8.33 and the definition of the cell constant. In accurate work at low concentrations it is necessaryto subtract the conductivityof the pure solvent (Table 8.34) from that of the solution to obtain the conductivitydue to the electrolyte. Resistivity(Specific Resistance) 1 [ ·m] * SI units are in brackets.
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LANGE'S HANDBOOK OF CHEMISTRY John
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Grateful acknowledgment is hereby m
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PREFACE TO FIFTEENTH EDITION This n
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PREFACE TO FIFTEENTH EDITION ix inv
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xii PREFACE TO FOURTEENTH EDITION l
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PREFACE TO FIRST EDITION This book
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For the detailed contents of any se
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1.2 SECTION 1 is derived from the G
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1.4 SECTION 1 rather than methylide
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1.6 SECTION 1 Styrene Toluene Xylen
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1.8 SECTION 1 TABLE 1.2 Fused Polyc
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1.10 SECTION 1 1.1.1.6 Bridged Hydr
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1.12 SECTION 1 TABLE 1.4 Suffixes f
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1.14 SECTION 1 TABLE 1.5 Trivial Na
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1.16 SECTION 1 TABLE 1.6 Trivial Na
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1.18 SECTION 1 Selection of the pri
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1.20 SECTION 1 attached to one anot
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1.22 SECTION 1 When side chains of
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1.24 SECTION 1 heterocyclic structu
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1.26 SECTION 1 Bivalent radicals of
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1.28 SECTION 1 Complex linear polya
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1.30 SECTION 1 TABLE 1.11 Names of
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1.32 SECTION 1 hydroxyamino- to the
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1.34 SECTION 1 may be named (1) by
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1.36 SECTION 1 Examples are methyl
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1.38 SECTION 1 tuted acid, respecti
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1.40 SECTION 1 FIGURE 1.2 Newman pr
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1.42 SECTION 1 from the ring are kn
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1.44 SECTION 1 FIGURE 1.11 Two isom
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1.46 SECTION 1 Chiral Center. The c
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1.48 SECTION 1 FIGURE 1.15 Isomers
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1.50 SECTION 1 entries to bring tog
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1.52 SECTION 1 TABLE 1.13 Names and
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1.60 SECTION 1 TABLE 1.14 Empirical
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2.2 SECTION 2 2.3.6 Student’s Dis
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2.4 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.1 Fundamental
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2.6 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.1 Fundamental
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2.8 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.2 Physical an
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2.10 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.2 Physical a
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2.24 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.3 Mathematic
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2.26 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.6 Abbreviati
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2.36 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.7 Conversion
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2.54 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.8 Temperatur
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2.66 SECTION 2 2.1.1 Conversion of
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2.68 SECTION 2 Oleometer. A hydrome
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2.70 SECTION 2 Example 3. 25 1.2500
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2.72 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.9 Barometer
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2.74 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.9 Barometer
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2.76 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.10 Barometri
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2.78 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.12 Reduction
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2.80 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.12 Reduction
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2.82 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.13 Viscosity
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2.84 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.14 Conversio
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2.86 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.15 Hydromete
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2.88 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.17 Correctio
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2.90 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.18 Pressure
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2.96 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.20 Values of
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2.98 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.21 Transmitt
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2.100 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.21 Transmit
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2.102 SECTION 2 2.2 MATHEMATICAL TA
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2.104 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.23 Derivati
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2.106 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.24 Integral
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2.108 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.24 Integral
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2.110 SECTION 2 Regular Polygon of
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2.112 SECTION 2 A h[0.4(y y ) 1.
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2.114 SECTION 2 2.2.3.1 Signs of th
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2.116 SECTION 2 x2 x3 x4 x5 ln(1 x
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2.118 SECTION 2 2.3.2 Errors in Qua
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2.120 SECTION 2 The breadth or spre
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2.122 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.26b Areas U
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2.124 SECTION 2 The distribution of
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2.126 SECTION 2 Should there be mor
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2.128 SECTION 2 Example 10 Six samp
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2.130 SECTION 2 2.3.9 The F Statist
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TABLE 2.29 F Distribution (Continue
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2.134 SECTION 2 mathematical treatm
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2.136 SECTION 2 The confidence limi
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2.138 SECTION 2 situation where rel
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3.2 SECTION 3 The alphabetical orde
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3.4 SECTION 3 When it is required t
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3.6 SECTION 3 PO phosphoryl SeO sel
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3.8 SECTION 3 3.1.5 Acids 3.1.5.1 A
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3.10 SECTION 3 3.1.6.6 Multiplicati
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3.12 SECTION 3 3.2 PHYSICAL PROPERT
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TABLE 3.2 Physical Constants of Ino
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3.62 SECTION 3 TABLE 3.3 Synonyms a
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SECTION 4 PROPERTIES OF ATOMS, RADI
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4.3 Fermium Fm 100 [Rn] 5f 12 7s 2
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Silver (argentum) Ag 47 [Kr] 4d 10
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PROPERTIES OF ATOMS,RADICALS,AND BO
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PROPERTIES OF ATOMS, RADICALS, AND
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SECTION 5 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 5.1 S
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 5.3 5.1 SOLUBIL
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TABLE 5.1 Solubility of Gases in Wa
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TABLE 5.1 Solubility of Gases in Wa
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TABLE 5.2 Solubilities of Inorganic
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formateBa(CHO 2 ) 2 26.2 28.0 29.9
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(III) sulfateCe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ·9H 2
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iodidePbI 2 0.044 0.056 0.069 0.090
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Nickel sulfateNiSO 4 ·6H 2 O (pale
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Praseodymium bromatePr(BrO 3 ) 3 55
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formate NaCHO 2 43.9 62.5 81.2 102
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Uranyl nitrate UO 2 (NO 3 ) 2 98 10
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 5.25 TABLE 5.3
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 5.57 5.3 BOILIN
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TABLE 5.12 Ternary Azeotropic Mixtu
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TABLE 5.12 Ternary Azeotropic Mixtu
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 5.83 5.4 FREEZI
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 5.87 5.5 DENSIT
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 5.89 dt Dt P
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 5.135 5.6.1 Ref
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 5.137 where the
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 5.139 5.7 COMBU
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Temperature, C Substance 40 20 0 20
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 5.171 This equa
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SECTION 6 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES
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THERMODYNAMICPROPERTIES 6.3 6.1.1.2
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THERMODYNAMICPROPERTIES 6.5 A gener
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THERMODYNAMICPROPERTIES 6.7 TABLE 6
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THERMODYNAMICPROPERTIES 6.9 TABLE 6
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THERMODYNAMICPROPERTIES 6.11 TABLE
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THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES 6.21 TABLE
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THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES 6.101 TABL
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THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES 6.143 The
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SECTION 7 SPECTROSCOPY 7.1 X-RAY ME
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.3 TABLE 7.1 Waveleng
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.9 TABLE 7.3 Critical
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.11 TABLE 7.4 X-Ray E
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.13 Emission line K 1
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.15 TABLE 7.7 Analyzi
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.17 TABLE 7.8 Mass Ab
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.19 TABLE 7.9 Electro
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.21 TABLE 7.11 Absorp
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.23 TABLE 7.13 Solven
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.25 7.3 FLUORESCENCE
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.27 TABLE 7.16 Fluore
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.29 TABLE 7.18 Detect
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.35 TABLE 7.19 Sensit
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.37 TABLE 7.19 Sensit
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.39 In terms of m ,
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.41 The ionization co
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.67 TABLE 7.28 Infrar
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7.69
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.71 7.6 RAMAN SPECTRO
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.73 TABLE 7.30 Raman
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.89 7.7 NUCLEAR MAGNE
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.91 TABLE 7.41 Nuclea
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.93 TABLE 7.42 Proton
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.95 TABLE 7.44 Estima
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.97 TABLE 7.46 Proton
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.99 TABLE 7.48 Solven
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.101 TABLE 7.49 Carbo
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.103 TABLE 7.51 Effec
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.107 TABLE 7.56 One-B
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.113 TABLE 7.63 Nitro
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.115 TABLE 7.64 Nitro
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.117 TABLE 7.69 Fluor
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.119 TABLE 7.72 Silic
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.121 TABLE 7.73 Phosp
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.123 TABLE 7.74 Phosp
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.125 when z 3 and y
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.127 Masses 19 and 31
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.129 TABLE 7.76 Conde
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SECTION 8 ELECTROLYTES, ELECTROMOTI
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ELECTROLYTES, EMF, AND CHEMICAL EQU
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TABLE 8.7 Proton Transfer Reactions
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TABLE 8.7 Proton Transfer Reactions
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TABLE 8.9 Selected Equilibrium Cons
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8.75 3-tert-Butylbenzoic acid (0) 4
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4-Hydroxyproline (1) 1.900 1C 1.850
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N-Propionylglycine (1) 3.728 3.723
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TABLE 8.14 National Bureau of Stand
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TABLE 10.2 Properties of Commercial
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10.58 SECTION 10 10.4 FORMULAS AND
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10.60 SECTION 10 10.4.8 Polychlorop
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10.62 SECTION 10 Styrene-butadiene
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10.5 CHEMICAL RESISTANCE TABLE 10.4
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10.6 GAS PERMEABILITY TABLE 10.5 Ga
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TABLE 10.5 Gas Permeability Constan
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TABLE 10.7 Constants ofFats and Oil
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TABLE 10.8 Constants ofWaxes Wax Me
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SECTION 11 PRACTICAL LABORATORY INF
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11.4 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.2 Molecula
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11.6 SECTION 11 A saturated aqueous
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11.8 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.6 Relative
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11.10 SECTION 11 11.3 BOILING POINT
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11.12 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.8 Organic
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11.14 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.9 Molecul
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11.4 SEPARATION METHODS TABLE 11.11
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11.18 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.12 Solven
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11.20 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.12 Solven
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TABLE 11.13 McReynolds’ Constants
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TABLE 11.13 McReynolds’ Constants
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11.26 SECTION 11 11.4.1 McReynolds
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11.28 SECTION 11 11.4.2.2 Partition
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11.30 SECTION 11 FIGURE 11.2 Band a
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11.32 SECTION 11 11.4.3 Ion-Exchang
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11.34 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.16 Guide
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11.36 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.16 Guide
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11.38 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.18 Relati
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11.40 SECTION 11 distribution coeff
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11.42 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.19 Gravim
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11.68 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.20 Elemen
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11.70 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.22 Common
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11.72 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.25 Tolera
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11.74 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.26 Heatin
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11.76 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.28 Titrim
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11.84 SECTION 11 appears becomes le
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11.86 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.29 Equati
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11.88 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.29 Equati
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11.90 SECTION 11 The more stable th
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11.92 SECTION 11 11.6.6.2.5 Buffer
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11.94 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.30 Standa
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TABLE 11.32 Properties and Applicat
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11.98 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.36 Maskin
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11.100 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.37 Anion
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11.102 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.39 Amino
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11.104 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.44 Facto
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11.106 SECTION 11 11.7 LABORATORY S
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11.108 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.48 Stand
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11.110 SECTION 11 Alizarin yellow G
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11.112 SECTION 11 Bromchlorophenol
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11.114 SECTION 11 p-Ethoxychrysoidi
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11.116 SECTION 11 Mercurous nitrate
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11.118 SECTION 11 Potassium carbona
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11.120 SECTION 11 until the ammoniu
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11.122 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.49 TLV C
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11.130 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.50 Chemi
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11.138 SECTION 11 of water which is
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TABLE 11.55 Thermoelectric Values i
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TABLE 11.56 Type B Thermocouples: P
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TABLE 11.58 Type J Thermocouples: I
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TABLE 11.60 Type N Thermocouples: N
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TABLE 11.62 Type S Thermocouples: P
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11.150 SECTION 11 11.11 CORRECTION
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Index Terms Links 2 Acid-base indic
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Index Terms Links 4 Alkynes, nomenc
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Index Terms Links 6 Aurintricarboxy
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Index Terms Links 8 Boron-11 chemic
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Index Terms Links 10 Cellulose acet
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Index Terms Links 12 Collective ino
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Index Terms Links 14 Degree Fahrenh
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Index Terms Links 16 Electrical res
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Index Terms Links 18 Equivalent wei
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Index Terms Links 20 Fluorocarbon p
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Index Terms Links 22 Halogenated hy
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Index Terms Links 24 Impact strengt
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Index Terms Links 26 Kα 1 lines, m
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Index Terms Links 28 Melmine phenol
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Index Terms Links 30 Neon-neon bond
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Index Terms Links 32 One-tailed tes
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Index Terms Links 34 Physical chemi
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Index Terms Links 36 Polyolefin the
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Index Terms Links 38 Pyridine: bina
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Index Terms Links 40 Rho values: fo
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Index Terms Links 42 Single-bond ra
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Index Terms Links 44 Stereoisomers
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Index Terms Links 46 Tension, aqueo
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Index Terms Links 48 Triethylenetet
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Index Terms Links 50 Water (Cont.)
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