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2.82 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.13 Viscosity Conversion Table Centistokes to Saybolt, Redwood, and Engler units. Poise cgs unit of absolute viscosity Centipoise 0.01 poise Stoke cgs unit of kinematic viscosity Centistoke 0.01 stoke Centipoises centistokes density (at temperature under consideration) Reyn (1 lb · s per sq in) 69 10 5 centpoises Cf. Jour. Inst. Pet. Tech., Vol. 22, p. 21 (1936); Reports of A. S. T. M. Committee D-2, 1936 and 1937. The values of Saybolt Universal Viscosity at 100F and at 210F are taken directly from the comprehensive ASTM Viscosity Table, Special Technical Publication No. 43A (1953) by permission of the publishers, American Society for Testing Materials, 1916 Race St., Philadelphia 3, Pa. Centistokes Saybolt Universal Viscosity at 100F. 130F. 210F. Redwood Seconds at 70F. 140F. 200F. Engler Degrees at all Temps. 2.0 32.62 32.68 32.85 30.2 31.0 31.2 1.14 3.0 36.03 36.10 36.28 32.7 33.5 33.7 1.22 4.0 39.14 39.22 39.41 35.3 36.0 36.3 1.31 5.0 42.35 42.43 42.65 37.9 38.5 38.9 1.40 6.0 45.56 45.65 45.88 40.5 41.0 41.5 1.48 7.0 48.77 48.86 49.11 43.2 43.7 44.2 1.56 8.0 52.09 52.19 52.45 46.0 46.4 46.9 1.65 9.0 55.50 55.61 55.89 48.9 49.1 49.7 1.75 10.0 58.91 59.02 59.32 51.7 52.0 52.6 1.84 11.0 62.43 62.55 62.86 54.8 55.0 55.6 1.93 12.0 66.04 66.17 66.50 57.9 58.1 58.8 2.02 14.0 73.57 73.71 74.09 64.4 64.6 65.3 2.22 16.0 81.30 81.46 81.87 71.0 71.4 72.2 2.43 18.0 89.44 89.61 90.06 77.9 78.5 79.4 2.64 20.0 97.77 97.96 98.45 85.0 85.8 86.9 2.87 22.0 106.4 106.6 107.1 92.4 93.3 94.5 3.10 24.0 115.0 115.2 115.8 99.9 100.9 102.2 3.34 26.0 123.7 123.9 124.5 107.5 108.6 110.0 3.58 28.0 132.5 132.8 133.4 115.3 116.5 118.0 3.82 30.0 141.3 141.6 142.3 123.1 124.4 126.0 4.07 32.0 150.2 150.5 151.2 131.0 132.3 134.1 4.32 34.0 159.2 159.5 160.3 138.9 140.2 142.2 4.57 36.0 168.2 168.5 169.4 146.9 148.2 150.3 4.83 38.0 177.3 177.6 178.5 155.0 156.2 158.3 5.08 40.0 186.3 186.7 187.6 163.0 164.3 166.7 5.34 42.0 195.3 195.7 196.7 171.0 172.3 175.0 5.59 44.0 204.4 204.8 205.9 179.1 180.4 183.3 5.85 46.0 213.7 214.1 215.2 187.1 188.5 191.7 6.11 48.0 222.9 223.3 224.5 195.2 196.6 200.0 6.37 50.0 232.1 232.5 233.8 203.3 204.7 208.3 6.63 60.0 278.3 278.8 280.2 243.5 245.3 250.0 7.90 70.0 324.4 325.0 326.7 283.9 286.0 291.7 9.21 80.0 370.8 371.5 373.4 323.9 326.6 333.4 10.53 90.0 417.1 417.9 420.0 364.4 367.4 375.0 11.84 100.0* 463.5 464.4 466.7 404.9 408.2 416.7 13.16 * At higher values use the same ratio as above for 100 centistokes; e.g., 102 centistokes 102 4.635 Saybolt seconds at 100F. To obtain the Saybolt Universal viscosity equivalent to a kinematic viscosity determined at tF., multiply the equivalent Saybolt Universal viscosity at 100F. by 1 (t 100) 0.000064; e.g., 10 centistokes at 210F are equivalent to 58.91 1.0070, or 59.32 Saybolt Universal Viscosity at 210F.
GENERAL INFORMATION, CONVERSION TABLES, AND MATHEMATICS 2.83 TABLE 2.14 Conversion of Weighings in Air to Weighings in Vacuo If the mass of a substance in air is m f , its density m , the density of weights used in making the weighing w , and the density* of air a , the true mass of the substance in vacuo, m vac, is 1 1 mvac mf amf For most purposes it is sufficient to assume a density of 8.4 for brass weights, and a density of 0.0012 for air under ordinary conditions. The equation then becomes 1 1 mvac mf 0.0012mf 8.4 m w The table which follows gives the values of k (buoyancy reduction factor), which is the correction necessary because of the buoyant effect of the air upon the object weighed; the table is computed for air with the density of 0.0012; m is the weight in grams of the object when weighed in air; weight of object reduced to “in vacuo” m km/1000. Density of object weighed Brass weights, density 8.4 m Buoyancy reduction factor, k Pt or Pt-Ir weights, density 21.5 Al or quartz weights, density 2.7 Gold weights, density 17 0.2 5.89 5.98 5.58 5.97 0.3 3.87 3.96 3.56 3.95 0.4 2.87 2.95 2.55 2.94 0.5 2.26 2.35 1.95 2.34 0.6 1.86 1.95 1.55 1.93 0.7 1.57 1.66 1.26 1.65 0.75 1.46 1.55 1.15 1.53 0.80 1.36 1.45 1.05 1.43 0.82 1.32 1.41 1.01 1.39 0.84 1.29 1.37 0.98 1.36 0.86 1.25 1.34 0.94 1.33 0.88 1.22 1.31 0.91 1.29 0.90 1.19 1.28 0.88 1.26 0.92 1.16 1.25 0.85 1.24 0.94 1.13 1.22 0.82 1.21 0.96 1.11 1.20 0.80 1.18 0.98 1.08 1.17 0.77 1.16 1.00 1.06 1.15 0.75 1.13 1.02 1.03 1.12 0.72 1.11 1.04 1.01 1.10 0.70 1.08 1.06 0.99 1.08 0.68 1.06 1.08 0.97 1.06 0.66 1.04 1.10 0.95 1.04 0.64 1.02 1.12 0.93 1.02 0.62 1.00 1.14 0.91 1.00 0.60 0.98 1.16 0.89 0.98 0.58 0.96 1.18 0.87 0.96 0.56 0.95 1.20 0.86 0.95 0.55 0.93 1.25 0.82 0.91 0.51 0.89 1.30 0.78 0.87 0.47 0.85 * See Table 5.15, Specific Gravity of Air at Various Temperatures.
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LANGE'S HANDBOOK OF CHEMISTRY John
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Grateful acknowledgment is hereby m
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PREFACE TO FIFTEENTH EDITION This n
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PREFACE TO FIFTEENTH EDITION ix inv
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xii PREFACE TO FOURTEENTH EDITION l
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PREFACE TO FIRST EDITION This book
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For the detailed contents of any se
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1.2 SECTION 1 is derived from the G
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1.4 SECTION 1 rather than methylide
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1.6 SECTION 1 Styrene Toluene Xylen
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1.8 SECTION 1 TABLE 1.2 Fused Polyc
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1.10 SECTION 1 1.1.1.6 Bridged Hydr
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1.12 SECTION 1 TABLE 1.4 Suffixes f
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1.14 SECTION 1 TABLE 1.5 Trivial Na
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1.16 SECTION 1 TABLE 1.6 Trivial Na
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1.18 SECTION 1 Selection of the pri
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1.20 SECTION 1 attached to one anot
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1.22 SECTION 1 When side chains of
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1.24 SECTION 1 heterocyclic structu
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1.26 SECTION 1 Bivalent radicals of
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1.28 SECTION 1 Complex linear polya
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1.30 SECTION 1 TABLE 1.11 Names of
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1.32 SECTION 1 hydroxyamino- to the
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1.34 SECTION 1 may be named (1) by
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1.36 SECTION 1 Examples are methyl
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1.38 SECTION 1 tuted acid, respecti
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1.40 SECTION 1 FIGURE 1.2 Newman pr
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1.42 SECTION 1 from the ring are kn
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1.44 SECTION 1 FIGURE 1.11 Two isom
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1.46 SECTION 1 Chiral Center. The c
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1.48 SECTION 1 FIGURE 1.15 Isomers
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1.50 SECTION 1 entries to bring tog
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1.52 SECTION 1 TABLE 1.13 Names and
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1.60 SECTION 1 TABLE 1.14 Empirical
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2.2 SECTION 2 2.3.6 Student’s Dis
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2.4 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.1 Fundamental
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2.6 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.1 Fundamental
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2.8 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.2 Physical an
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2.10 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.2 Physical a
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2.24 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.3 Mathematic
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2.26 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.6 Abbreviati
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TABLE 2.29 F Distribution (Continue
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2.134 SECTION 2 mathematical treatm
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2.136 SECTION 2 The confidence limi
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2.138 SECTION 2 situation where rel
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3.2 SECTION 3 The alphabetical orde
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3.4 SECTION 3 When it is required t
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3.6 SECTION 3 PO phosphoryl SeO sel
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3.8 SECTION 3 3.1.5 Acids 3.1.5.1 A
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3.10 SECTION 3 3.1.6.6 Multiplicati
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3.12 SECTION 3 3.2 PHYSICAL PROPERT
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TABLE 3.2 Physical Constants of Ino
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3.62 SECTION 3 TABLE 3.3 Synonyms a
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SECTION 4 PROPERTIES OF ATOMS, RADI
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4.3 Fermium Fm 100 [Rn] 5f 12 7s 2
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Silver (argentum) Ag 47 [Kr] 4d 10
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PROPERTIES OF ATOMS,RADICALS,AND BO
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PROPERTIES OF ATOMS, RADICALS, AND
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SECTION 5 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 5.1 S
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 5.3 5.1 SOLUBIL
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TABLE 5.1 Solubility of Gases in Wa
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TABLE 5.1 Solubility of Gases in Wa
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TABLE 5.2 Solubilities of Inorganic
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formateBa(CHO 2 ) 2 26.2 28.0 29.9
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(III) sulfateCe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ·9H 2
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iodidePbI 2 0.044 0.056 0.069 0.090
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Nickel sulfateNiSO 4 ·6H 2 O (pale
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Praseodymium bromatePr(BrO 3 ) 3 55
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formate NaCHO 2 43.9 62.5 81.2 102
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Uranyl nitrate UO 2 (NO 3 ) 2 98 10
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 5.25 TABLE 5.3
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 5.57 5.3 BOILIN
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TABLE 5.12 Ternary Azeotropic Mixtu
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TABLE 5.12 Ternary Azeotropic Mixtu
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 5.83 5.4 FREEZI
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 5.87 5.5 DENSIT
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 5.89 dt Dt P
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 5.135 5.6.1 Ref
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 5.137 where the
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 5.139 5.7 COMBU
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Temperature, C Substance 40 20 0 20
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 5.171 This equa
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SECTION 6 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES
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THERMODYNAMICPROPERTIES 6.3 6.1.1.2
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THERMODYNAMICPROPERTIES 6.5 A gener
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THERMODYNAMICPROPERTIES 6.7 TABLE 6
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THERMODYNAMICPROPERTIES 6.9 TABLE 6
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THERMODYNAMICPROPERTIES 6.11 TABLE
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THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES 6.21 TABLE
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THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES 6.101 TABL
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THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES 6.143 The
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SECTION 7 SPECTROSCOPY 7.1 X-RAY ME
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.3 TABLE 7.1 Waveleng
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.9 TABLE 7.3 Critical
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.11 TABLE 7.4 X-Ray E
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.13 Emission line K 1
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.15 TABLE 7.7 Analyzi
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.17 TABLE 7.8 Mass Ab
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.19 TABLE 7.9 Electro
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.21 TABLE 7.11 Absorp
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.23 TABLE 7.13 Solven
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.25 7.3 FLUORESCENCE
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.27 TABLE 7.16 Fluore
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.29 TABLE 7.18 Detect
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.35 TABLE 7.19 Sensit
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.37 TABLE 7.19 Sensit
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.39 In terms of m ,
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.41 The ionization co
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.67 TABLE 7.28 Infrar
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7.69
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.71 7.6 RAMAN SPECTRO
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.73 TABLE 7.30 Raman
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.89 7.7 NUCLEAR MAGNE
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.91 TABLE 7.41 Nuclea
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.93 TABLE 7.42 Proton
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.95 TABLE 7.44 Estima
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.97 TABLE 7.46 Proton
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.99 TABLE 7.48 Solven
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.101 TABLE 7.49 Carbo
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.103 TABLE 7.51 Effec
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.107 TABLE 7.56 One-B
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.113 TABLE 7.63 Nitro
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.115 TABLE 7.64 Nitro
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.117 TABLE 7.69 Fluor
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.119 TABLE 7.72 Silic
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.121 TABLE 7.73 Phosp
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.123 TABLE 7.74 Phosp
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.125 when z 3 and y
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.127 Masses 19 and 31
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.129 TABLE 7.76 Conde
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SECTION 8 ELECTROLYTES, ELECTROMOTI
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ELECTROLYTES, EMF, AND CHEMICAL EQU
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TABLE 8.7 Proton Transfer Reactions
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TABLE 8.7 Proton Transfer Reactions
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TABLE 8.9 Selected Equilibrium Cons
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8.75 3-tert-Butylbenzoic acid (0) 4
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4-Hydroxyproline (1) 1.900 1C 1.850
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N-Propionylglycine (1) 3.728 3.723
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TABLE 8.14 National Bureau of Stand
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1 part 0.1% neutral red in alc. * V
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3,3-Dimethoxybenzidine dihydrochlor
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TABLE 8.35 Equivalent Conductivitie
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KCl 127.3 124.4 122.4 115.8 112.0 1
Page 1008 and 1009:
NaIO 3 75.2 72.6 70.9 64.4 60.5 1
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9.2 SECTION 9 9.1 LINEAR FREE ENERG
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9.4 SECTION 9 TABLE 9.1 Hammett and
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9.6 SECTION 9 TABLE 9.1 Hammett and
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9.8 SECTION 9 TABLE 9.3 pK a and Rh
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10.2 SECTION 10 10.4.6 Polyacrylate
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10.4 SECTION 10 10.2 ADDITIVES TO P
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10.6 SECTION 10 injection molding.
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10.8 SECTION 10 10.3 FORMULAS AND K
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10.10 SECTION 10 Key properties of
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10.12 SECTION 10 10.3.8 Fluorocarbo
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10.14 SECTION 10 10.3.11 Phenolics
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10.16 SECTION 10 The resin has the
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10.18 SECTION 10 10.3.19 Polyuretha
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10.20 SECTION 10 10.3.22 Sulfones B
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TABLE 10.2 Properties of Commercial
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10.58 SECTION 10 10.4 FORMULAS AND
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10.60 SECTION 10 10.4.8 Polychlorop
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10.62 SECTION 10 Styrene-butadiene
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10.5 CHEMICAL RESISTANCE TABLE 10.4
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10.6 GAS PERMEABILITY TABLE 10.5 Ga
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TABLE 10.5 Gas Permeability Constan
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TABLE 10.7 Constants ofFats and Oil
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TABLE 10.8 Constants ofWaxes Wax Me
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SECTION 11 PRACTICAL LABORATORY INF
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11.4 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.2 Molecula
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11.6 SECTION 11 A saturated aqueous
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11.8 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.6 Relative
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11.10 SECTION 11 11.3 BOILING POINT
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11.12 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.8 Organic
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11.14 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.9 Molecul
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11.4 SEPARATION METHODS TABLE 11.11
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11.18 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.12 Solven
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11.20 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.12 Solven
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TABLE 11.13 McReynolds’ Constants
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TABLE 11.13 McReynolds’ Constants
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11.26 SECTION 11 11.4.1 McReynolds
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11.28 SECTION 11 11.4.2.2 Partition
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11.30 SECTION 11 FIGURE 11.2 Band a
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11.32 SECTION 11 11.4.3 Ion-Exchang
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11.34 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.16 Guide
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11.36 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.16 Guide
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11.38 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.18 Relati
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11.40 SECTION 11 distribution coeff
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11.42 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.19 Gravim
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11.68 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.20 Elemen
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11.70 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.22 Common
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11.72 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.25 Tolera
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11.74 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.26 Heatin
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11.76 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.28 Titrim
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11.84 SECTION 11 appears becomes le
Page 1177 and 1178:
11.86 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.29 Equati
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11.88 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.29 Equati
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11.90 SECTION 11 The more stable th
Page 1183 and 1184:
11.92 SECTION 11 11.6.6.2.5 Buffer
Page 1185 and 1186:
11.94 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.30 Standa
Page 1187 and 1188:
TABLE 11.32 Properties and Applicat
Page 1189 and 1190:
11.98 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.36 Maskin
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11.100 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.37 Anion
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11.102 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.39 Amino
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11.104 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.44 Facto
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11.106 SECTION 11 11.7 LABORATORY S
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11.108 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.48 Stand
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11.110 SECTION 11 Alizarin yellow G
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11.112 SECTION 11 Bromchlorophenol
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11.114 SECTION 11 p-Ethoxychrysoidi
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11.116 SECTION 11 Mercurous nitrate
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11.118 SECTION 11 Potassium carbona
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11.120 SECTION 11 until the ammoniu
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11.122 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.49 TLV C
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Page 1221 and 1222:
11.130 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.50 Chemi
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Page 1229 and 1230:
11.138 SECTION 11 of water which is
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TABLE 11.55 Thermoelectric Values i
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TABLE 11.56 Type B Thermocouples: P
Page 1235 and 1236:
TABLE 11.58 Type J Thermocouples: I
Page 1237 and 1238:
TABLE 11.60 Type N Thermocouples: N
Page 1239 and 1240:
TABLE 11.62 Type S Thermocouples: P
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11.150 SECTION 11 11.11 CORRECTION
Page 1243 and 1244:
Index Terms Links 2 Acid-base indic
Page 1245 and 1246:
Index Terms Links 4 Alkynes, nomenc
Page 1247 and 1248:
Index Terms Links 6 Aurintricarboxy
Page 1249 and 1250:
Index Terms Links 8 Boron-11 chemic
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Index Terms Links 10 Cellulose acet
Page 1253 and 1254:
Index Terms Links 12 Collective ino
Page 1255 and 1256:
Index Terms Links 14 Degree Fahrenh
Page 1257 and 1258:
Index Terms Links 16 Electrical res
Page 1259 and 1260:
Index Terms Links 18 Equivalent wei
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Index Terms Links 20 Fluorocarbon p
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Index Terms Links 22 Halogenated hy
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Index Terms Links 24 Impact strengt
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Index Terms Links 26 Kα 1 lines, m
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Index Terms Links 28 Melmine phenol
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Index Terms Links 30 Neon-neon bond
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Index Terms Links 32 One-tailed tes
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Index Terms Links 34 Physical chemi
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Index Terms Links 36 Polyolefin the
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Index Terms Links 38 Pyridine: bina
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Index Terms Links 40 Rho values: fo
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Index Terms Links 42 Single-bond ra
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Index Terms Links 44 Stereoisomers
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Index Terms Links 46 Tension, aqueo
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Index Terms Links 48 Triethylenetet
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Index Terms Links 50 Water (Cont.)
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