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PRACTICAL LABORATORY INFORMATION 11.125 TABLE 11.49 TLV Concentration Limits for Gases and Vapors (Continued) Maximum allowable exposure Substance ppm mg · m 3 Toxicity Endrin—skin 0.1 Epichlorohydrin 2 7.6 carcinogen 2,3-Epoxy-1-propanol (glycidol) 50 150 1,2-Ethanediamine 10 25 Ethanethiol 0.5 Ethanol 1000 1880 Ethanolamine 3 7.5 2-Ethoxyethanol (Cellosolve) 5 18 2-Ethoxyethyl acetate 5 27 Ethyl acetate 400 1400 Ethyl acrylate 5 20 Ethylamine 5 9.2 highly toxic Ethylbenzene 100 435 Ethylene anesthetic Ethylene glycol 39 Ethylene glycol dinitrate 0.2 Ethyleneimine 0.05 carcinogen Ethylene oxide 1 toxic, carcinogen Ethyl formate 100 300 Ethyl mercaptan 0.1 1 Ethyl silicate 100 850 Fluorine 1 2 highly toxic Fluorotrichloromethane (Freon 11) 1000 5600 Formaldehyde 0.3 carcinogen Formamide 10 18 Formic acid 5 9.4 2-Furancarboxaldehyde (furfural) 2 7.9 2-Furanmethanol 10 40 Glycerol 10 Heptachlor 0.5 Heptane 400 1640 2-Heptanone 50 233 3-Heptanone 50 234 Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene 0.02 carcinogen Hexachlorocyclohexane (lindane) 0.5 Hexachloroethane 1 carcinogen Hexachloronaphthalene 0.2 Hexamethylphosphoric triamide carcinogen Hexane 50 176 2-Hexanone 5 20 sec-Hexyl acetate 50 300 Hexylene glycol 25 Hydrazine 0.01 0.1 carcinogen Hydrogen bromide 3 10 highly toxic Hydrogen chloride 5 7 highly toxic Hydrogen cyanide 4.7 highly toxic Hydrogen fluoride 3 2 highly toxic Hydrogen iodide highly toxic Hydrogen peroxide (90%) 1 1.4
11.126 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.49 TLV Concentration Limits for Gases and Vapors (Continued) Maximum allowable exposure Substance ppm mg · m 3 Toxicity Hydrogen selenide 0.05 0.2 highly toxic Hydrogen sulfide 10 15 highly toxic 4-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone 50 238 Indene 10 Iodine 0.1 1 Iodine pentafluoride highly toxic Iodomethane 2 12 Isobutyl acetate 150 700 Isobutyl alcohol 50 150 Isopentyl acetate 100 525 Isopentyl alcohol 100 360 Isophorone 5 28 Isopropyl acetate 250 1040 Isopropylamine 5 12 Isopropylbenzene (cumene) 50 246 Isopropyl glycidyl ether 50 240 Ketene 0.5 0.9 Lindane 0.5 Liquified petroleum gas 1000 1800 Malathion 10 Maleic anhydride 0.25 1 Malononitrile 0.05 0.4 Mesityl oxide 15 60 Methacrylic acid 20 70 Methanethiol 0.5 Methanol 200 262 2-Methoxyaniline (also 4-) 0.1 carcinogen 2-Methoxyethanol 5 16 2-Methoxyethyl acetate 5 24 Methyl acetate 200 610 Methyl acetylene-propadiene (MAPP) 1000 1800 Methyl acrylate 10 35 Methylacrylonitrile 1 Methylamine 5 6.4 highly toxic o-Methylaniline (also p-) 2 carcinogen m-Methylaniline 2 N-Methylaniline 0.5 2.2 3-Methyl-1-butanol 100 361 Methyl tert-butyl ether 40 Methylcyclohexane 400 1600 1-Methylcyclohexanol 50 234 cis-2-Methylcyclohexanol 50 234 trans-2-Methylcyclohexanol 50 234 cis-3-Methylcyclohexanol 50 234 trans-3-Methylcyclohexanol 50 234 cis-4-Methylcyclohexanol 50 234 trans-4-Methylcyclohexanol 50 234 Methyl formate 100 250 5-Methyl-2-hexanone 50 234
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LANGE'S HANDBOOK OF CHEMISTRY John
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Grateful acknowledgment is hereby m
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PREFACE TO FIFTEENTH EDITION This n
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PREFACE TO FIFTEENTH EDITION ix inv
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xii PREFACE TO FOURTEENTH EDITION l
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PREFACE TO FIRST EDITION This book
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For the detailed contents of any se
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1.2 SECTION 1 is derived from the G
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1.4 SECTION 1 rather than methylide
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1.6 SECTION 1 Styrene Toluene Xylen
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1.8 SECTION 1 TABLE 1.2 Fused Polyc
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1.10 SECTION 1 1.1.1.6 Bridged Hydr
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1.12 SECTION 1 TABLE 1.4 Suffixes f
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1.14 SECTION 1 TABLE 1.5 Trivial Na
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1.16 SECTION 1 TABLE 1.6 Trivial Na
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1.18 SECTION 1 Selection of the pri
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1.20 SECTION 1 attached to one anot
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1.22 SECTION 1 When side chains of
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1.24 SECTION 1 heterocyclic structu
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1.26 SECTION 1 Bivalent radicals of
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1.28 SECTION 1 Complex linear polya
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1.30 SECTION 1 TABLE 1.11 Names of
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1.32 SECTION 1 hydroxyamino- to the
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1.34 SECTION 1 may be named (1) by
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1.36 SECTION 1 Examples are methyl
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1.38 SECTION 1 tuted acid, respecti
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1.40 SECTION 1 FIGURE 1.2 Newman pr
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1.42 SECTION 1 from the ring are kn
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1.44 SECTION 1 FIGURE 1.11 Two isom
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1.46 SECTION 1 Chiral Center. The c
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1.48 SECTION 1 FIGURE 1.15 Isomers
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1.50 SECTION 1 entries to bring tog
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1.52 SECTION 1 TABLE 1.13 Names and
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1.60 SECTION 1 TABLE 1.14 Empirical
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2.2 SECTION 2 2.3.6 Student’s Dis
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2.4 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.1 Fundamental
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2.6 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.1 Fundamental
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2.8 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.2 Physical an
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2.10 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.2 Physical a
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2.24 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.3 Mathematic
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2.26 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.6 Abbreviati
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2.36 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.7 Conversion
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2.54 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.8 Temperatur
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2.66 SECTION 2 2.1.1 Conversion of
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2.68 SECTION 2 Oleometer. A hydrome
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2.70 SECTION 2 Example 3. 25 1.2500
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2.72 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.9 Barometer
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2.74 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.9 Barometer
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2.76 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.10 Barometri
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2.78 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.12 Reduction
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2.80 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.12 Reduction
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2.82 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.13 Viscosity
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2.84 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.14 Conversio
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2.86 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.15 Hydromete
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2.88 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.17 Correctio
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2.90 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.18 Pressure
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2.96 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.20 Values of
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2.98 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.21 Transmitt
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2.100 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.21 Transmit
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2.102 SECTION 2 2.2 MATHEMATICAL TA
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2.104 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.23 Derivati
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2.106 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.24 Integral
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2.108 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.24 Integral
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2.110 SECTION 2 Regular Polygon of
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2.112 SECTION 2 A h[0.4(y y ) 1.
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2.114 SECTION 2 2.2.3.1 Signs of th
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2.116 SECTION 2 x2 x3 x4 x5 ln(1 x
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2.118 SECTION 2 2.3.2 Errors in Qua
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2.120 SECTION 2 The breadth or spre
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2.122 SECTION 2 TABLE 2.26b Areas U
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2.124 SECTION 2 The distribution of
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2.126 SECTION 2 Should there be mor
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2.128 SECTION 2 Example 10 Six samp
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2.130 SECTION 2 2.3.9 The F Statist
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TABLE 2.29 F Distribution (Continue
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2.134 SECTION 2 mathematical treatm
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2.136 SECTION 2 The confidence limi
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2.138 SECTION 2 situation where rel
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3.2 SECTION 3 The alphabetical orde
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3.4 SECTION 3 When it is required t
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3.6 SECTION 3 PO phosphoryl SeO sel
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3.8 SECTION 3 3.1.5 Acids 3.1.5.1 A
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3.10 SECTION 3 3.1.6.6 Multiplicati
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3.12 SECTION 3 3.2 PHYSICAL PROPERT
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TABLE 3.2 Physical Constants of Ino
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3.62 SECTION 3 TABLE 3.3 Synonyms a
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SECTION 4 PROPERTIES OF ATOMS, RADI
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4.3 Fermium Fm 100 [Rn] 5f 12 7s 2
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Silver (argentum) Ag 47 [Kr] 4d 10
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PROPERTIES OF ATOMS,RADICALS,AND BO
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PROPERTIES OF ATOMS, RADICALS, AND
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SECTION 5 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 5.1 S
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 5.3 5.1 SOLUBIL
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TABLE 5.1 Solubility of Gases in Wa
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TABLE 5.1 Solubility of Gases in Wa
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TABLE 5.2 Solubilities of Inorganic
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formateBa(CHO 2 ) 2 26.2 28.0 29.9
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(III) sulfateCe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ·9H 2
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iodidePbI 2 0.044 0.056 0.069 0.090
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Nickel sulfateNiSO 4 ·6H 2 O (pale
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Praseodymium bromatePr(BrO 3 ) 3 55
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formate NaCHO 2 43.9 62.5 81.2 102
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Uranyl nitrate UO 2 (NO 3 ) 2 98 10
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 5.25 TABLE 5.3
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 5.57 5.3 BOILIN
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TABLE 5.12 Ternary Azeotropic Mixtu
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TABLE 5.12 Ternary Azeotropic Mixtu
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 5.83 5.4 FREEZI
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 5.87 5.5 DENSIT
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 5.89 dt Dt P
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 5.135 5.6.1 Ref
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 5.137 where the
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 5.139 5.7 COMBU
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Temperature, C Substance 40 20 0 20
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 5.171 This equa
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SECTION 6 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES
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THERMODYNAMICPROPERTIES 6.3 6.1.1.2
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THERMODYNAMICPROPERTIES 6.5 A gener
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THERMODYNAMICPROPERTIES 6.7 TABLE 6
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THERMODYNAMICPROPERTIES 6.9 TABLE 6
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THERMODYNAMICPROPERTIES 6.11 TABLE
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THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES 6.21 TABLE
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THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES 6.101 TABL
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THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES 6.143 The
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SECTION 7 SPECTROSCOPY 7.1 X-RAY ME
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.3 TABLE 7.1 Waveleng
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.9 TABLE 7.3 Critical
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.11 TABLE 7.4 X-Ray E
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.13 Emission line K 1
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.15 TABLE 7.7 Analyzi
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.17 TABLE 7.8 Mass Ab
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.19 TABLE 7.9 Electro
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.21 TABLE 7.11 Absorp
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.23 TABLE 7.13 Solven
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.25 7.3 FLUORESCENCE
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.27 TABLE 7.16 Fluore
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.29 TABLE 7.18 Detect
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.35 TABLE 7.19 Sensit
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.37 TABLE 7.19 Sensit
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.39 In terms of m ,
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.41 The ionization co
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.67 TABLE 7.28 Infrar
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7.69
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.71 7.6 RAMAN SPECTRO
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.73 TABLE 7.30 Raman
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.89 7.7 NUCLEAR MAGNE
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.91 TABLE 7.41 Nuclea
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.93 TABLE 7.42 Proton
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.95 TABLE 7.44 Estima
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.97 TABLE 7.46 Proton
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.99 TABLE 7.48 Solven
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.101 TABLE 7.49 Carbo
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.103 TABLE 7.51 Effec
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.107 TABLE 7.56 One-B
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.113 TABLE 7.63 Nitro
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.115 TABLE 7.64 Nitro
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.117 TABLE 7.69 Fluor
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.119 TABLE 7.72 Silic
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.121 TABLE 7.73 Phosp
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.123 TABLE 7.74 Phosp
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.125 when z 3 and y
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.127 Masses 19 and 31
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SPECTROSCOPY 7.129 TABLE 7.76 Conde
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SECTION 8 ELECTROLYTES, ELECTROMOTI
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ELECTROLYTES, EMF, AND CHEMICAL EQU
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TABLE 8.7 Proton Transfer Reactions
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TABLE 8.7 Proton Transfer Reactions
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TABLE 8.9 Selected Equilibrium Cons
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8.75 3-tert-Butylbenzoic acid (0) 4
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4-Hydroxyproline (1) 1.900 1C 1.850
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N-Propionylglycine (1) 3.728 3.723
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TABLE 8.14 National Bureau of Stand
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1 part 0.1% neutral red in alc. * V
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3,3-Dimethoxybenzidine dihydrochlor
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TABLE 8.35 Equivalent Conductivitie
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KCl 127.3 124.4 122.4 115.8 112.0 1
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NaIO 3 75.2 72.6 70.9 64.4 60.5 1
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9.2 SECTION 9 9.1 LINEAR FREE ENERG
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9.4 SECTION 9 TABLE 9.1 Hammett and
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9.6 SECTION 9 TABLE 9.1 Hammett and
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9.8 SECTION 9 TABLE 9.3 pK a and Rh
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10.2 SECTION 10 10.4.6 Polyacrylate
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10.4 SECTION 10 10.2 ADDITIVES TO P
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10.6 SECTION 10 injection molding.
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10.8 SECTION 10 10.3 FORMULAS AND K
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10.10 SECTION 10 Key properties of
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10.12 SECTION 10 10.3.8 Fluorocarbo
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10.14 SECTION 10 10.3.11 Phenolics
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10.16 SECTION 10 The resin has the
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10.18 SECTION 10 10.3.19 Polyuretha
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10.20 SECTION 10 10.3.22 Sulfones B
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TABLE 10.2 Properties of Commercial
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10.58 SECTION 10 10.4 FORMULAS AND
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10.60 SECTION 10 10.4.8 Polychlorop
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10.62 SECTION 10 Styrene-butadiene
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10.5 CHEMICAL RESISTANCE TABLE 10.4
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10.6 GAS PERMEABILITY TABLE 10.5 Ga
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TABLE 10.5 Gas Permeability Constan
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TABLE 10.7 Constants ofFats and Oil
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TABLE 10.8 Constants ofWaxes Wax Me
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SECTION 11 PRACTICAL LABORATORY INF
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11.4 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.2 Molecula
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11.6 SECTION 11 A saturated aqueous
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11.8 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.6 Relative
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11.10 SECTION 11 11.3 BOILING POINT
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11.12 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.8 Organic
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11.14 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.9 Molecul
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11.4 SEPARATION METHODS TABLE 11.11
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11.18 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.12 Solven
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11.20 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.12 Solven
Page 1113 and 1114:
TABLE 11.13 McReynolds’ Constants
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TABLE 11.13 McReynolds’ Constants
Page 1117 and 1118:
11.26 SECTION 11 11.4.1 McReynolds
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11.28 SECTION 11 11.4.2.2 Partition
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11.30 SECTION 11 FIGURE 11.2 Band a
Page 1123 and 1124:
11.32 SECTION 11 11.4.3 Ion-Exchang
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11.34 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.16 Guide
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11.36 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.16 Guide
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11.38 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.18 Relati
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11.40 SECTION 11 distribution coeff
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11.42 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.19 Gravim
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Page 1139 and 1140:
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Page 1147 and 1148:
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Page 1159 and 1160:
11.68 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.20 Elemen
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11.70 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.22 Common
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11.72 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.25 Tolera
Page 1165 and 1166: 11.74 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.26 Heatin
Page 1167 and 1168: 11.76 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.28 Titrim
Page 1175 and 1176: 11.84 SECTION 11 appears becomes le
Page 1177 and 1178: 11.86 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.29 Equati
Page 1179 and 1180: 11.88 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.29 Equati
Page 1181 and 1182: 11.90 SECTION 11 The more stable th
Page 1183 and 1184: 11.92 SECTION 11 11.6.6.2.5 Buffer
Page 1185 and 1186: 11.94 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.30 Standa
Page 1187 and 1188: TABLE 11.32 Properties and Applicat
Page 1189 and 1190: 11.98 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.36 Maskin
Page 1191 and 1192: 11.100 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.37 Anion
Page 1193 and 1194: 11.102 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.39 Amino
Page 1195 and 1196: 11.104 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.44 Facto
Page 1197 and 1198: 11.106 SECTION 11 11.7 LABORATORY S
Page 1199 and 1200: 11.108 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.48 Stand
Page 1201 and 1202: 11.110 SECTION 11 Alizarin yellow G
Page 1203 and 1204: 11.112 SECTION 11 Bromchlorophenol
Page 1205 and 1206: 11.114 SECTION 11 p-Ethoxychrysoidi
Page 1207 and 1208: 11.116 SECTION 11 Mercurous nitrate
Page 1209 and 1210: 11.118 SECTION 11 Potassium carbona
Page 1211 and 1212: 11.120 SECTION 11 until the ammoniu
Page 1213 and 1214: 11.122 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.49 TLV C
Page 1215: 11.124 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.49 TLV C
Page 1219 and 1220: 11.128 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.49 TLV C
Page 1221 and 1222: 11.130 SECTION 11 TABLE 11.50 Chemi
Page 1229 and 1230: 11.138 SECTION 11 of water which is
Page 1231 and 1232: TABLE 11.55 Thermoelectric Values i
Page 1233 and 1234: TABLE 11.56 Type B Thermocouples: P
Page 1235 and 1236: TABLE 11.58 Type J Thermocouples: I
Page 1237 and 1238: TABLE 11.60 Type N Thermocouples: N
Page 1239 and 1240: TABLE 11.62 Type S Thermocouples: P
Page 1241 and 1242: 11.150 SECTION 11 11.11 CORRECTION
Page 1243 and 1244: Index Terms Links 2 Acid-base indic
Page 1245 and 1246: Index Terms Links 4 Alkynes, nomenc
Page 1247 and 1248: Index Terms Links 6 Aurintricarboxy
Page 1249 and 1250: Index Terms Links 8 Boron-11 chemic
Page 1251 and 1252: Index Terms Links 10 Cellulose acet
Page 1253 and 1254: Index Terms Links 12 Collective ino
Page 1255 and 1256: Index Terms Links 14 Degree Fahrenh
Page 1257 and 1258: Index Terms Links 16 Electrical res
Page 1259 and 1260: Index Terms Links 18 Equivalent wei
Page 1261 and 1262: Index Terms Links 20 Fluorocarbon p
Page 1263 and 1264: Index Terms Links 22 Halogenated hy
Page 1265 and 1266: Index Terms Links 24 Impact strengt
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Index Terms Links 26 Kα 1 lines, m
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Index Terms Links 28 Melmine phenol
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Index Terms Links 30 Neon-neon bond
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Index Terms Links 32 One-tailed tes
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Index Terms Links 34 Physical chemi
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Index Terms Links 36 Polyolefin the
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Index Terms Links 38 Pyridine: bina
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Index Terms Links 40 Rho values: fo
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Index Terms Links 42 Single-bond ra
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Index Terms Links 44 Stereoisomers
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Index Terms Links 46 Tension, aqueo
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Index Terms Links 48 Triethylenetet
Page 1291 and 1292:
Index Terms Links 50 Water (Cont.)
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