preface to fifteenth edition

2.24 SECTION 2
TABLE 2.3
Mathematical Symbols and Abbreviations (Continued)
Symbol or abbreviation
cotanh a
P(x, y)
P(r, )
f(x), F(x)
x
dy
dy or f(x)
dx
2
dy or f(x)
dx 2
z
x
2
z
x y
a
b
lim f(x)
x:a
n
i1
Meaning
Hyperbolic cotangent of a
Rectangular coordinate of point P
Polar coordinate of point P
Function of x
Increment of x
Total differential of y
Derivative of y f(x) with respect to x
Second derivative of y f(x) with respect to x
Partial derivative of z with respect to x
Second partial derivative of z with respect to x and y
Integral of
Integral between the limits a and b
limit of f(x) asx tends to a
Summation of a i between the limits 1 and n
TABLE 2.4
SI Prefixes
Submultiple Prefix Symbol Multiple Prefix Symbol
10 1 deci d 10 deka da
10 2 centi c 10 2 hectoh
10 3 milli m 10 3 kilok
10 6 micro 10 6 mega M
10 9 nanon 10 9 giga G
10 12 picop 10 12 tera T
10 15 femtof 10 15 peta P
10 18 attoa 10 18 exa E
10 21 zeptoz 10 21 zetta Z
10 24 yocto y 10 24 yotta Y