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preface to fifteenth edition

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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 5.157<br />

TABLE 5.29<br />

Van der Waals’ Constants for Gases<br />

The van der Waals’ equation of state for a real gas is:<br />

<br />

na<br />

2<br />

V 2<br />

<br />

P (V nb) nRT for n moles<br />

where P is the pressure, V the volume (in liters per mole 0.001 m 3 per mole in the SI system), T the temperature<br />

(in degrees Kelvin), n the amount of substance (in moles), and R the gas constant. To use the values of a and b<br />

in the table, P must be expressed in the same units as in the gas constant. Thus, the pressure of a standard<br />

atmosphere may be expressed in the SI system as follows:<br />

The appropriate value for the gas constant is:<br />

2<br />

1 atm 101,325 N · m 101,325 Pa 1.01325 bar<br />

1 1 1 1<br />

0.083 144 1 L · bar · K · mol or 0.082 056 L · atm · K · mol<br />

The van der Waals’ constants are related <strong>to</strong> the critical temperature and pressure, t c and P c , in Table 6.5 by:<br />

2 2<br />

27 RTc<br />

RTc<br />

a and b <br />

64 Pc<br />

8 Pc<br />

Substance a, L 2 · bar · mol 2 b,L·mol 1<br />

Acetaldehyde 11.37 0.08695<br />

Acetic acid 17.71 0.1065<br />

Acetic anhydride 26.8 0.157<br />

Ace<strong>to</strong>ne 16.02 0.1124<br />

Ace<strong>to</strong>nitrile 17.89 0.1169<br />

Acetyl chloride 12.80 0.08979<br />

Acetylene 4.516 0.05218<br />

Acrylic acid 19.45 0.1127<br />

Acrylonitrile 18.37 0.1222<br />

Allene 8.235 0.07467<br />

Allyl alcohol 15.17 0.1036<br />

Aluminum trichloride 42.63 0.2450<br />

2-Aminoethanol 7.616 0.0431<br />

Ammonia 4.225 0.03713<br />

Ammonium chloride 2.380 0.00734<br />

Aniline 29.14 0.1486<br />

Antimony tribromide 42.08 0.1658<br />

Argon 1.355 0.03201<br />

Arsenic trichloride 17.23 0.1039<br />

Arsine 6.327 0.06048<br />

Benzaldehyde 30.30 0.1553<br />

Benzene 18.82 0.1193<br />

Benzonitrile 33.89 0.1727<br />

Benzyl alcohol 34.7 0.173<br />

Biphenyl 47.16 0.2130<br />

Bismuth trichloride 33.89 0.1025<br />

Boron trichloride 15.60 0.1222<br />

Boron trifluoride 3.98 0.05443<br />

Bromine (Br 2 ) 9.75 0.0591<br />

Bromobenzene 28.96 0.1541<br />

Bromochlorodifluoromethane 12.79 0.1055<br />

Bromoethane 11.89 0.08406<br />

Bromomethane 6.753 0.05390<br />

Bromotrifluoromethane 8.502 0.0891

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