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preface to fifteenth edition

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ELECTROLYTES, EMF, AND CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM 8.143<br />

TABLE 8.30<br />

Half-Wave Potentialsof Inorganic Materials(Continued)<br />

Element E 1/2 , volts Solvent system<br />

3 <strong>to</strong> 2 0.13 0.1M EDTA plus2M Na acetate, pH 6–7<br />

0.27 0.2M Na oxalate, pH 7.9 or less<br />

0.28 0.5M Na citrate, pH 6.5<br />

1.46(2) 1M NH 4 ClO 4<br />

1.36 0.1M KHF 2 , pH 4 or less<br />

2 <strong>to</strong> 3 0.28 0.5M Na citrate, pH 6.5<br />

0.27 0.2M Na oxalate, pH 7.9 or less<br />

0.17 0.5M Na tartrate, pH 5.8<br />

1.36 0.1M KHF 2 , pH 4 or less<br />

Lead<br />

2 <strong>to</strong> 0 0.405 1M HNO 3<br />

0.435 1M KCl (or HCl)<br />

0.49(1) 0.5M Na tartrate, pH 4.5 or 9<br />

0.72 1M KCN<br />

0.75 1M KOH or 0.5M Na tartrate plus0.1M NaOH<br />

Lithium<br />

1 <strong>to</strong> 0 2.31 0.1M (C 2 H 5 ) 4 NOH in 50% ethanol<br />

Magnesium<br />

2 <strong>to</strong> 0 2.2 0.1M (C 2 H 5 ) 4 NCl (poorly defined wave)<br />

Manganese<br />

2 <strong>to</strong> 0 1.65 1M NH 4 Cl plus1M NH 3<br />

1.55 1M KCNS<br />

1.33 1.5M KCN<br />

Molybdenum<br />

6 0.26; 0.63 0.3M HCl, two waves: 6 <strong>to</strong> 5 <strong>to</strong> 3<br />

Nickel<br />

2 <strong>to</strong> 0 0.70 1M KSCN<br />

0.78 1M KCl plus0.5M pyridine<br />

1.09 1M NH 4 Cl plus1M NH 3<br />

1.1 Ni(H2O) 6<br />

2 in NH 4 ClO 4 or KNO 3<br />

1.36<br />

2<br />

Ni(CN) 4 in 1M KCN (alkaline media)<br />

Niobium<br />

5 <strong>to</strong> 3 0.80(4) 1M HNO 3<br />

Nitrogen<br />

Nitrate 1.45 0.017M LaCl 3 (reduced <strong>to</strong> hydroxylamine)<br />

HNO 2 0.77 0.1M HCl<br />

C 2 N 2 1.2; 1.55 0.1M Na acetate, two waves<br />

Oxamic acid 1.55 0.1M Na acetate<br />

Cyanide 0.45 0.1M NaOH; anodic wave starts at 0.45<br />

Thiocyanate 0.18 Anodic wave; neutral or weakly alkaline medium<br />

Osmium<br />

OsO 4<br />

0.0; 0.41;<br />

1.16<br />

Sat’d Ca(OH) 2 . Three waves: first starts at 0; second wave<br />

2<br />

is OsO 4 <strong>to</strong> Os(V); and third wave is Os(V) <strong>to</strong> Os(III)<br />

Oxygen<br />

O 2 0.05; 0.9 Buffer solutions of pH 1 <strong>to</strong> 10. Two waves: O 2 <strong>to</strong> H 2 O 2 ,<br />

and H 2 O 2 <strong>to</strong> H 2 O. Second wave extendsfrom 0.5 <strong>to</strong><br />

1.3<br />

H 2 O 2 0.9 Very extended wave (see above); sharper in presence of<br />

Aerosol OT

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