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preface to fifteenth edition

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ELECTROLYTES, EMF, AND CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM 8.107<br />

TABLE 8.16<br />

Composition and pH Values of Buffer Solutions<br />

Values based on the conventional activity pH scale as defined by the National Bureau ofStandards (U.S.) and<br />

pertain <strong>to</strong> a temperature of25C [Ref: Bower and Bates, J. Research Natl. Bur. Standards (U.S.), 55:197 (1955)<br />

and Bates and Bower, Anal. Chem., 28:1322 (1956)]. Buffer value is denoted by column headed .<br />

25 ml 0.2M KCl <br />

x ml 0.2M HCl,<br />

Diluted <strong>to</strong> 100 ml<br />

50 ml 0.1M KH Phthalate<br />

x ml 0.1M HCl,<br />

Diluted <strong>to</strong> 100 ml<br />

50 ml 0.1M KH Phthalate<br />

x ml 0.1M NaOH,<br />

Diluted <strong>to</strong> 100 ml<br />

pH x pH x pH x <br />

1.00 67.0 0.31 2.20 49.5 4.20 3.0 0.017<br />

1.20 42.5 0.34 2.40 42.2 0.036 4.40 6.6 0.020<br />

1.40 26.6 0.19 2.60 35.4 0.033 4.60 11.1 0.025<br />

1.60 16.2 0.077 2.80 28.9 0.032 4.80 16.5 0.029<br />

1.80 10.2 0.049 3.00 22.3 0.030 5.00 22.6 0.031<br />

2.00 6.5 0.030 3.20 15.7 0.026 5.20 28.8 0.030<br />

2.20 3.9 0.022 3.40<br />

3.60<br />

3.80<br />

50 ml 0.1M KH 2 PO 4<br />

x ml 0.1M NaOH,<br />

Diluted <strong>to</strong> 100 ml<br />

10.4<br />

6.3<br />

2.9<br />

0.023<br />

0.018<br />

0.015<br />

50 ml 0.1M Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane<br />

<br />

x ml 0.1M HCl,<br />

Diluted <strong>to</strong> 100 ml<br />

pH/t 0.028<br />

I 0.001x<br />

5.40<br />

5.60<br />

5.80<br />

34.1<br />

38.8<br />

42.3<br />

50 ml ofa Mixture<br />

0.1M with Respect <strong>to</strong><br />

Both KCl and H 3 BO 3<br />

x ml 0.1M NaOH,<br />

Diluted <strong>to</strong> 100 ml<br />

pH x pH x pH x <br />

0.025<br />

0.020<br />

0.015<br />

5.80 3.6 7.00 46.6 8.00 3.9<br />

6.00 5.6 0.010 7.20 44.7 0.012 8.20 6.0 0.011<br />

6.20 8.1 0.015 7.40 42.0 0.015 8.40 8.6 0.015<br />

6.40 11.6 0.021 7.60 38.5 0.018 8.60 11.8 0.018<br />

6.60 16.4 0.027 7.80 34.5 0.023 8.80 15.8 0.022<br />

6.80 22.4 0.033 8.00 29.2 0.029 9.00 20.8 0.027<br />

7.00 29.1 0.031 8.20 22.9 0.031 9.20 26.4 0.029<br />

7.20 34.7 0.025 8.40 17.2 0.026 9.40 32.1 0.027<br />

7.40 39.1 0.020 8.60 12.4 0.022 9.60 36.9 0.022<br />

7.60 42.4 0.013 8.80 8.5 0.016 9.80 40.6 0.016<br />

7.80 44.5 0.009 9.00 5.7 10.00 43.7 0.014<br />

8.00 46.1 10.20 46.2<br />

50 ml 0.025M Borax<br />

x ml 0.1M HCl,<br />

Diluted <strong>to</strong> 100 ml<br />

pH/t 0.008<br />

I 0.025<br />

50 ml 0.025M Borax<br />

x ml 0.1M NaOH,<br />

Diluted <strong>to</strong> 100 ml<br />

pH/t 0.008<br />

I 0.001(25 x)<br />

50 ml 0.05M NaHCO 3<br />

x ml 0.1M NaOH,<br />

Diluted <strong>to</strong> 100 ml<br />

pH/t 0.009<br />

I 0.001(25 2x)<br />

pH x pH x pH x <br />

8.00 20.5 9.20 0.9 9.60 5.0<br />

8.20 19.7 0.010 9.40 3.6 0.026 9.80 6.2 0.014<br />

8.40 16.6 0.012 9.60 11.1 0.022 10.00 10.7 0.016<br />

8.60 13.5 0.018 9.80 15.0 0.018 10.20 13.8 0.015<br />

8.80 9.4 0.023 10.00 18.3 0.014 10.40 16.5 0.013

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