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preface to fifteenth edition

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5.86 SECTION 5<br />

TABLE 5.13<br />

Compositions of Aqueous Antifreeze Solutions (Continued)<br />

Freezing point of magnesium chloride brines<br />

% MgCl 2<br />

by weight<br />

Spec. grav.<br />

15.6C. (60F.)<br />

Freezing point<br />

C.<br />

F.<br />

% MgCl 2<br />

by weight<br />

Spec. grav.<br />

15.6C. (60F.)<br />

Freezing point<br />

C.<br />

F.<br />

5 1.043 3.11 26.4 18 1.161 22.1 7.7<br />

61.051 3.89 25.0 19 1.170 25.6 12.2<br />

7 1.060 4.72 23.5 20 1.180 27.4 17.3<br />

8 1.069 5.67 21.8 21 1.190 30.6 23.0<br />

9 1.078 6.67 20.0 22 1.200 32.8 27.0<br />

10 1.086 7.83 17.9 23 1.210 28.9 20.0<br />

11 1.096 9.05 15.7 24 1.220 25.6 14.0<br />

12 1.105 10.5 13.1 25 1.230 23.3 10.0<br />

13 1.114 12.1 10.3 261.241 21.1 6.0<br />

14 1.123 13.7 7.3 27 1.251 19.4 3.0<br />

15 1.132 15.64.0 28 1.262 18.3 1.0<br />

161.142 17.60.4 29 1.273 17.2 1.0<br />

17 1.151 19.7 3.5 30 1.283 16.7 2.0<br />

Freezing point of sodium chloride brines<br />

Compiled in collaboration with C. D. Looker, Ph.D., International Salt Co., Inc.<br />

% NaCl<br />

by weight<br />

Spec. grav.<br />

15C. (59F.)<br />

Freezing point<br />

C.<br />

F.<br />

% NaCl<br />

by weight<br />

Spec. grav.<br />

15C. (59F.)<br />

Freezing point<br />

C.<br />

F.<br />

0 1.000 0.00 32.0 15 1.112 10.88 12.4<br />

1 1.007 0.58 31.0 161.119 11.90 10.6<br />

2 1.014 1.13 30.0 17 1.127 12.93 8.7<br />

3 1.021 1.72 28.9 18 1.135 14.03 6.7<br />

4 1.028 2.35 27.8 19 1.143 15.21 4.6<br />

5 1.036 2.97 26.7 20 1.152 16.46 2.4<br />

61.043 3.63 25.5 21 1.159 17.78 0.0<br />

7 1.051 4.32 24.2 22 1.168 19.19 2.5<br />

8 1.059 5.03 22.9 23 1.176 20.69 5.2<br />

9 1.067 5.77 21.623.3 (E) 1.179 21.13 6.0<br />

10 1.074 6.54 20.2 24 1.184 17.0* 1.4*<br />

11 1.082 7.34 18.8 25 1.193 10.4* 13.3*<br />

12 1.089 8.17 17.3 261.201 2.3* 27.9*<br />

13 1.097 9.03 15.7 26.3 1.203 0.0* 32.0*<br />

14 1.104 9.94 14.1<br />

* Saturation temperatures of sodium chloride dihydrate; at these temperatures NaCl · 2H 2 O separates leaving the brine of the<br />

eutectic composition (E).<br />

5.4.1 Propylene Glycol–Glycerol<br />

Propylene glycol, a satisfac<strong>to</strong>ry antifreeze with the advantage of being non<strong>to</strong>xic, can be combined<br />

with glycerol, also an efficient non<strong>to</strong>xic antifreeze, <strong>to</strong> give a mixture that can be tested for freezing<br />

point with an ethylene glycol (Pres<strong>to</strong>ne) hydrometer. A mixture of 70% propylene glycol and 30%<br />

glycerol (% by weight of water-free materials), when diluted, can be tested on the standard instrument<br />

used for ethylene glycol solutions.

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