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Forbidden Words: Taboo and the Censoring of Language

Forbidden Words: Taboo and the Censoring of Language

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Linguistic purism <strong>and</strong> verbal hygiene 121<br />

In <strong>the</strong> eyes <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> wider speech community, linguists are seen as supporters<br />

<strong>of</strong> a permissive ethos encouraging <strong>the</strong> supposed decline <strong>and</strong> continued abuse<br />

<strong>of</strong> St<strong>and</strong>ard English. Some time back Kate Burridge suggested that English<br />

might be better <strong>of</strong>f if it ab<strong>and</strong>oned <strong>the</strong> hyphen in certain contexts <strong>and</strong> retained<br />

it only for o<strong>the</strong>r more useful functions. 35 This sparked fierce attack (as did her<br />

suggestion to abolish <strong>the</strong> possessive apostrophe). The following is but one <strong>of</strong><br />

<strong>the</strong> many angry emails received:<br />

Subject: Grammar<br />

Just read an article regarding your strange ideas that you have just published in <strong>the</strong><br />

weed book or something.<br />

I’m 25, tattooed ex con, so not in <strong>the</strong> habit <strong>of</strong> sending emails like this (or ever<br />

actually).<br />

Although <strong>the</strong>re is one thing that REALLY annoys me. People that want to take away<br />

from <strong>the</strong> English language.<br />

If you want to become more American in your use (or non-use) as <strong>the</strong> case maybe, <strong>the</strong>n<br />

so be it.<br />

*Did you note <strong>the</strong> hyphen ;-)*<br />

But language makes us what we are, i’s our common ground.<br />

Already <strong>the</strong>re are far too many illiterate people in <strong>the</strong> world. You seem to want to<br />

make a dumb world even dumber.<br />

Good one. (e-mail from ‘The Wea<strong>the</strong>rman’, 22 June 2005)<br />

The gap between linguists <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> wider community is considerable. The<br />

feeling between <strong>the</strong> two camps is one <strong>of</strong> mutual distrust; linguistic experts fail<br />

to address lay concerns <strong>and</strong> lay activists show no interest in heeding linguists.<br />

36 In 1992, a newspaper article appeared which vividly conveyed <strong>the</strong><br />

views <strong>of</strong> many in <strong>the</strong> wider community towards pr<strong>of</strong>essional linguists: Laurence<br />

Urdang, editor <strong>of</strong> Verbatim, described linguists as ‘categorically <strong>the</strong><br />

dullest people on <strong>the</strong> face <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> earth . . . ra<strong>the</strong>r than trying to present <strong>and</strong><br />

explain information, <strong>the</strong>y seem to be going in <strong>the</strong> opposite direction. They try<br />

to shield people from knowing anything useful about <strong>the</strong> language.’ 37 For<br />

linguists, language is a natural (even if social) phenomenon, something that<br />

evolves <strong>and</strong> adapts <strong>and</strong> can be studied objectively. This stance is resoundingly<br />

rejected by o<strong>the</strong>rs, for whom language is an art form, something to be<br />

cherished, revered <strong>and</strong> preserved. Linguists find such popular perceptions <strong>of</strong><br />

language ill-informed <strong>and</strong> narrow-minded.<br />

The public discourse on language <strong>and</strong> value is <strong>of</strong>ten ferociously passionate<br />

<strong>and</strong> confident, but, as many linguists complain, it also lacks <strong>the</strong> norms<br />

expected <strong>of</strong> debate on o<strong>the</strong>r topics. ‘Many educated people know more about<br />

space <strong>and</strong> time, uncertainty, <strong>and</strong> quantum effects than <strong>the</strong>y do about nouns

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