Historical Seismograms - Evidence from the AD 2000 Izu Islands ...

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18 Hiroo KanamoriTable Ib. Some Large Earthquakes With Mw Around 8Date Time Region Lat. Long. Ms Mw1958 07 10 06 15 561966 10 17 21 41 571969 08 11 21 27 361970 05 31 20 23 281974 10 03 14 21 291975 05 26 09 11 521976 08 16 10 11 051978 11 29 19 52 491979 12 12 07 59 031980 07 17 19 42 231985 03 03 22 47 07AlaskaPeruKurile Is.PeruPeruAzoresMindanao Is.MexicoColombiaSanta Cruz Is.Chile58.3-10.743.4-9.2-1 2.236 .O6.216.11.6-12.5-33.1-130.5-78.6147.8-78.8-77.6-17.6124.1-90.6-79.4165.9-71.97.9 7.77.8 8.17.8 8.27.6 7.97.6 8.17.8 7.77.8 8.17.6 7.07.6 8.27.7 7.97.8 8 .OTable 2. Frequency-Magnitude Relation, 1004-1980IntervalCumulativeFMs < nl n2 Ms 2 NI N27.0 7.2 252 252 7 .O 7207.2 7.4 162 162 7.2 4687.4 7.6 104 104 7.4 3067.6 7.8 97 97 7 .G 2027.8 8.0 52 52 7 .a 1058.0 8.2 25 22 8 .o 538.2 8.4 17 13 8.2 288.4 8.6 8 10 8.4 118.6 8.8 3 3 8 .6 38.8 9.0 1 8.89.0 9.2 2 9 .o9.2 9.4 1 9.29.4 9.6 1 9.472046830620210553311885421Note:(1) nl is the number of events within the magnitude range of .2 for the period 1904 to1980.(2) n2 is the same as nl in (1) with Ms replaced by MW for the ten largest events withhfw 2 8.5 listed below.(3) N1 is the total number of events larger than the given Ms for the period 1904 to 1980.(4) N2 is the same as N1 in (3) with Ms replaced by Mw for the ten largest events withMw 2 8.5 listed below: 1900 Chile (Ms = 8.5;Mw = 9.5), 1904 Alaska (8.4; 9.2),1957 Aleutian Is. (8.1; 9.1), 1952 Kamchatka (8.2; 9.0), 1906 Colombia (85; 8.8), 1965Aleutian Is. (8.2; 8.7), 1950 Assarn (8.6; 8.0), 1938 Bands Sea (8.2; 8.5), 1963 KurileIs. (8.1;8.5), 1922 Chile (8.3; 8.5).For most events which occurred after 1060, a relatively complete set of seismograinsis available for detailed studies, but for the events prior to 1960, the data areusually incomplete. In many cases, only a few records at most were used for thedetermination of the source parameters. There are still many unresolved problems.The solution of these problems requires more complete sets of seismograms.
Importance of Historical Seismograms 19I000100n._0.1Figure 1. The magnitude-frequency relation for the earthquakes in the world duringthe period from 1904 to 1980. The surface-wave magnitude Ms listed in Abe (1981) isused for all the events except those with MW 2 8.5 for which Mw is used. The ordinate onthe left is for the interval frequency (n2 in Table 2, the number of events per 0.2 magnitudeunit for the period 1904 to 1980), and that on the right is for the cumulative frequency(N2 in Table 2). The straight lines are the least-squares fit €or the entire range.2. Normal Fault vs. Thrust Events at Subduction Zones.Most large earthquakes at subduction zones have thrust mechanism. However,there are some very large normal-fault events, notable examples being the 1933 Sanrikuearthquake (Mw = 8.4, Kanamori, 1971a) and the 1977 Sumbawa earthquake(Mw = 8.3, Given and Kanamori, 1980; Silver and Jordan, 1982). The thrust eventsrepresent slip between the plate boundaries, while the normal-fault events representfailure within the oceanic plate. For the purpose of evaluating earthquake potentialof seismic gaps (e.g. McCann, et al., 1979), distinction between thrust events andnornial-fault events is essential. For some old events, (e.g. 1917 and 1919 TongaIslands earthquakes, see Figure 2), the mechanism is still uncertain. Since the polarityof P-wave first motions is often ambiguous on old seismograms, the directdetermination of the mechanism is not always possible. However, normal-fault
Page 1 and 2: Historical SeismogramsandEarthquake
Page 3: ToJames F. Landerfor his leadership
Page 6 and 7: viContentsThe Status, Importance, a
Page 8 and 9: ...VlllEarthquake History of Califo
Page 10 and 11: XMicrofilming of Historical Seismog
Page 13 and 14: PrefaceA symposium on Historical Se
Page 15: I. Introduction
Page 18 and 19: 4 W. H. K. Lee, H. Meyers, and K. S
Page 20 and 21: 6 W. H. K. Lee, H. Meyers, and K. S
Page 22 and 23: 8 W. H. h‘. Lee, H. Meyers, and K
Page 24 and 25: 10 W. H. K. Lee, IT. Meyers, and K.
Page 26 and 27: 12 W. H. K. Lee, H. Meyers, and K.
Page 28 and 29: 14 W. H. K. Lee, H. Meyers, and K.
Page 30 and 31: IMPORTANCE OF HISTORICAL SEISMOGRAM
Page 34 and 35: -60'1 1904-1985-M, >8.01II\I'.iPlus
Page 36 and 37: 22 Hiroo Kanamorievents often have
Page 38 and 39: ~~~24 Hiroo KanamoriThatcher et al.
Page 40 and 41: 26 Hiroo Kanamo riIf relatively com
Page 42 and 43: 28 Hiroo Kanamori9. Difficulties in
Page 44 and 45: 30 Hiroo KanamoriNagamune, T. (1971
Page 46 and 47: 32 Hiroo KanamoriI I I I I1000100z
Page 49: 11. Analysis of Historical Seismogr
Page 52: 38 Kat su y uki A beaddition to thi
Page 56 and 57: 42 Katsuyuki Abe20:oow19:302-I--Ia
Page 58 and 59: 44 Katsuyuki AbeIn the present stud
Page 60 and 61: 46 Katsuyuki AbeTable 3. Sinkiang E
Page 62 and 63: ~48 Katsuyuki AbeSieh (1978) and ot
Page 64 and 65: 50 Katsuyuki AbeREFERENCESAbe, K. (
Page 66 and 67: 52 E. Hurtig and G. KowalleFRG'.L.-
Page 68 and 69: 54 E. Hurtig and G. Kowalle2.2 Reco
Page 70 and 71: 56 E. Hurtig and G. KowalleREFERENC
Page 72 and 73: 58 N. V. Kondorskaya and Yu. F. Kop
Page 78 and 79: THE STATUS, IMPORTANCE, AND USE OFH
Page 80 and 81: 66 Ota Kulhdnek1 8 35lo. r 1s ' 20
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68 Ota Kulhdnek1 UPP EW SEP 9 1954
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ANALYSIS OF HISTORICAL SEISMOGRAMS
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72 S. K. Singhfrom Uppsala. We also
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74S. K. SinghN1 1Oaxaca-X .-x x- x
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76S. K. SinghESKUPPWIECHERT ELPZ A-
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78 S. K. SinghJdFJ-22 Feb 1943Ms=7.
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80 S. K. SinghDE BlLT (DBN) Z$I = 3
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82 S. K. Singh7. The Great Jalisco,
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84 S. K. SinghREFERENCESAbe, K. (19
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86 S. Stein, E. A. Okal and D. A. W
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94S. Stein, E. A. Okal and D. A. Wi
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96S. Stein, E. A. Okal and D. A. Wi
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100 S. Stein, E. A. Okal and D. A.
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RECENT ACTIVITIES AT THE INTERNATIO
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S.S. Felt and Damaging EarthquakesI
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In t e r na tio n a1 Se is mo logic
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1. IntroductionCatalogue of Chinese
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Catalogue of Chinese Earthquakes (M
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Catalogue of Chinese Earthquakes (A
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Catalogue of Chinese Earthquakes (A
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DATA BASES ON HISTORICAL SEISMICITY
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Data Bases on Historical Seismicity
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COMPILATION AND PROCESSING OF HISTO
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Compilation and Processing of Histo
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The U. S. Geological Survey’s Dat
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The U. S. Geological Survey's Datab
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~ ~The U. 5‘. Geological Survey
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The U. S. Geological Survey’s Dat
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Catalog of Large and Damaging Earth
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YCatalog of Large and Damaging Eart
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YM D h m1918 2 9 20 461918 2 13 6 7
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His to ric al Mate ria Is of Chine
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Historic a1 Mate rials of Chinese E
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Historical Materials of Chinere Ear
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His t o r ical Mate rials of Chin e
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IV. Individual Historical Earthquak
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174 N. N. Ambraseys and C. F. Finke
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182 N. N. Arnbraseys and C. P. Melv
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184 N. N. Ambraseys and C. P. Melvi
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188 N. N. Arnbraseys and C. P. Melv
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202G. E. Fiedler B.FI1 IFigure 1. T
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204 G. E. Fiedler B.Figure 3. The S
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206 G. E. Fiedler B.Origin time Epi
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EVALUATION OF DAMAGE AND SOURCE PAR
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2 10 D. Muiioz and A. Udias3. Evalu
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212 D. Muiioz and A. Udias3 wFigure
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2 14 D. Mun"oz and A. Udiasgiven by
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216 D. Muioz and A. UdiasTable 2. D
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218 D. Munot and A. UdiasGentil, P.
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220 D. Muiioz and A. UdiasArchivo M
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V. Earthquake History
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226 M. DeBecker and T. CamelbeeckAt
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~~228 M. DeBecker and T. Camelbeeck
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230 M. DeBecker and T. Camelbeeek10
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DOCUMENTING NEW ZEALAND EARTHQUAKES
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234 G. A. EabyFrom a seismic point
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236 G. A. EibyImmediate practical p
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238 G. A. Eibynorth-west; but subsi
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240 G. A. Eibywith near-earthquake
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242 Pao Hua Lee120 121 122 123Figur
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0.3244 Pao Hua Lee(3) Ryukyu-Taiwan
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Pa0 Hua LeeTable 2. Major Earthquak
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248 Pao Hua LeeTable 2. (Continued
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250 Pao Hua Lee‘. . . an earthqua
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252 Pao Hua LeeREFERENCESCentral We
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254 S. Prac h ua b21I151 O0IFigure
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256 S. PrachuabTable 1. 12 Seismic
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258 S. Prac h u a bTable 2. (Contin
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260S. Prachuab94" 96" 98" 1 ooo2ac2
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262 S. Prachuab.17 MAY 1955EMrliCUA
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:;13264 S. Prachuab0 .me.0 . .eeee0
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266 S. Prac hua b005 6 7MAGNITUDEFi
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268 T. R. Toppozada, C. R. Real, an
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2 72 T. R. Toppozada, C. R. Real, a
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STUDY OF HISTORICAL EARTHQUAKES IN
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278 Tatsuo Usarni(3) Documents publ
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280 Tatsuo Usarnin5nlob0D KyotoKama
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282 Tatsuo Usami:.:.., ........ L,/
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284 Tatsuo Usami(2) A tsunami attac
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286 Tatsuo Usami1897lntenrLFigure 6
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~ ~~~~288 Tatsuo UsamiTable 4. Occu
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290 R. G. Valenzuela and L. C. Garc
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n09n08n001NoZlNobIn091n081N 002
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~ ~~294 R. G. Valenzuela and L. C.
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296 R. G. Valenzuela and L. C. Garc
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298 R. Muir Wood, G. Woo, and H. Bu
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MAGNITUDE-FAULT LENGTH RELATIONSHIP
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APPLICATIONS OF FUZZY MATHEMATICSIN
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Applications of Fuzzy Mathematics 3
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Applications of Fuzzy hluthematics
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ON THE SEISMICITY OF THE MIDDLEASTS
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uca,m a,kma,.IY kfi30 uhd
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On the Seismicity of the Middle Eas
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On the Seismicity oj the Middle Eas
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HISTORICAL SEISMICITY AND EARTHQUAK
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Historical Seismic it y and Earthqu
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fIistorica1 Seismicity and Earthquu
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Historical Seismicity and Earthquak
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PATTERN ANALYSIS OF SMALL EARTHQUAK
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Pattern Analysis of Small Earthquak
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Earthquakes and Deep Fracture Zones
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--_-Earthquakes and Deep Fracture Z
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HISTORICAL SEISMOGRAM FILMING PROJE
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~~Historical Seismogram Filming Pro
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Historical Seismogram Filming Proje
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Historical Seismogram Filming Proje
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Filming Seismograms and Related Mat
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Digitization and Processing of J.M.
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SOME REMARKS ON HISTORICAL SEISMOGR
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Historical Seismograms and the Micr
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~~~~Historical Seismograms and the
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His torical Se is mogru ms and the
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Historical Sezs mogra ms and the Ma
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H1s t o rical Seismograms a nd the
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Historical Seismograms in China 42
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424 Kezin Qua History of Chinese Se
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428 Kexin Qu8. Plans for the Near F
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430 0. Ye. Starovoita station, its
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DAT ANDTHE STANDARDIZATION OF SEISM
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434 Y. Tamura, H. Sasaki, M. Ooe, a
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~ So.i436 Y. Tarnura, H. Sasaki, M.
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438 Y. Tarnura, H. Sasaki, M. Ooe,
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440 Yasuhiro Umeda and Katsuyoshi I
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442 Yasuhiro Umeda and Katsuyoshi I
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HISTORICAL SEISMOGRAMS IN ITALYR. C
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Historical Seismograms in Italy 449
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HISTORICAL SEISMOGRAMS FROM AUSTRAL
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His to rical Se is mog ra ms From A
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SEISMOGRAMS MADE BEFORE 1963 AT STA
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2. New ZealandSeismograms Before 19
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Seismograms Before 1963 in the Sout
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Seismograms Before 1963 in the Sout
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Historical Seismograms Recorded in
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Hist orieal Se is mograms Reeo rded
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THE HISTORICAL SEISMOGRAMS OF COLOM
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The Historical Seismograms of Colom
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Helwan Historical Seismograms 475Al
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Se is mo log ic a1 Mea s use me n t
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Seismological Measurement an Hong K
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A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE SEISMOLOGICA
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History of the Seismological Observ
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~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~~Historical Seismogram
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494 Sergio S. Su, S. J.Figure S. Se
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496 Sergao S. Su, S. J.Figure 7. Ce
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498 K. L. SuendsenDominican Republi
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INDEXAAbuyama Seismological Observa
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Index 503China, see also Taiwan466
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Indez505HIHalin seismograph, 421Haw
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Index 507Karuizawa, 417Kobe, 117, 1
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Index 509PPacific Ocean1943 Malpelo
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Index 511Sri Lanka, Colombo station
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Index 513Wood-Anderson seismographW
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