Historical Seismograms - Evidence from the AD 2000 Izu Islands ...

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56 E. Hurtig and G. KowalleREFERENCESAbe, K. (1981). Magnitudes of large shallow earthquakes from 1904-1980, Phys. EarthPlanet. Interiors, 27, 72-93.Ehlert, R. (1898). Zusammenstellung, Erlzuterung und kritische Beurtheilung der wichtigstenSeismometer mit besonderer Beriicksichtigung ihrer praktischen Verwendbarkeit,Beitr. Geophys., 3, 350-475.Etzold, F. (1902). Das Wiechertsche astatische Pendelseismometer der ErdbebenstationLeipzig und die von ihm gelieferten Seismogramme yon Fernbeben, Ber. Kgl. SEch.Gesell. Wiss. Leipzig, math.-phys. KI. Leipzig, 283-326.Ganse, R. A. and J. B. Nelson (1981). Catalog of significant earthquakes, 2000 B.C. -1979, including quantitative casualties and damage, World Data Center A ReportSE27, 145 pp.Hurtig, E. (1981). Ernst August v. Rebeur-Paschwitz und seine Bedeutung fur die Entwicklungder Seismologie, VerSiff, Zentralinst. Phys. d. Erde, 64, 54-59.Kirnik, V. (1968). Seismicity of the European Area: Part 1, Academia Praha.Richter, C. F. (1958). Elementary Seismology, W. H. Freeman & Co., San Francisco,7G8 pp.Scheu, E. (1911). Catalogue RCgional des Tremblements de Terre ressentis pendant l'annee1906, Strasbourg.
HISTORICAL SEISMOGRAMS AND INTERPRETATIONOF STRONG EARTHQUAKESN. V. Kondorskaya and Yu. F. KopnichevInstitute of the Physics of the EarthUSSR Academy of Sciences, Moscow, USSRABSTRACTDiscussed are difficulties involved in utilization of historical seismogramsand some aspects of the interpretation of the world’s strongestearthquakes.1. IntroductionThe importance of historical seismograms of the world’s strongest earthquakesfor geophysical studies is obvious, therefore, great emphasis is placed on the projectof microfilming historical seismograms, which was supported by Unesco and wascarried out from 1977 within the purview of the special Working Group of IASPEIheaded by Dr. W. Lee.At present great headway has been achieved in setting up a bank of microfilms,and evidently the time is ripe for developing a program to prepare a unified catalogof world earthquakes. Here use will be made, certainly, of the experience gained incompiling existing catalogs and new interpretation methods.The present paper discusses some difficulties encountered in the analysis of microfilmsand also some possibilities of interpreting records of the strongest earthquakesin regard to specifics of previous years (inadequacy of instrumentation, records ofshort-period instruments, etc.).2. Difficulties in Microfilm AnalysisWe analyzed microfilms of numerous stations - Tucson, Bermuda, Bozeman,Columbia, Vieques, Lincoln, Rapid City, Denver, Salt Lake, Sitka, Ukiah, Pasadena- kindly supplied to us by Dr. H. Meyers of WDC-A for selective earthquakes, andmicrofilms of the oldest Soviet stations - Pulkovo, Tashkent, Tiflis, and Irkutsk.It should be noted, first of all, that the work with microfilms at the present stageis very laborious since the niicrofilm reels of all stations abroad include records of allseismograms. Consequently, finding the seismograms of a specific earthquake mayrequire much time, although some reels contain records of only one earthquake. Thequality of many records is at tinies inadequate; the records do not provide the informationnecessary for further processing - they do not contain minute marks, timecorrections, and other details of presentations; specifications of instrumentation arenot always found. We believe that at the present stage the need is to undertake athorough review of microfilms to select records of earthquakes and to supplementthe library of microfilms with descriptions of the quality of these records using aunified format.It will be useful, in our opinion, to establish archives of microfilms not only bystations, but also for each earthquake. Such preparatory work will help to attractseismologists to handling microfilms.Historical Seismogramsand Earthquakes of the World57Copyright 0 19x8 by Academic Press, Inc.All rights of reproduction in any form reserved.
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Historical SeismogramsandEarthquake
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ToJames F. Landerfor his leadership
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viContentsThe Status, Importance, a
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...VlllEarthquake History of Califo
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XMicrofilming of Historical Seismog
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PrefaceA symposium on Historical Se
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I. Introduction
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4 W. H. K. Lee, H. Meyers, and K. S
Page 20 and 21: 6 W. H. K. Lee, H. Meyers, and K. S
Page 22 and 23: 8 W. H. h‘. Lee, H. Meyers, and K
Page 24 and 25: 10 W. H. K. Lee, IT. Meyers, and K.
Page 26 and 27: 12 W. H. K. Lee, H. Meyers, and K.
Page 28 and 29: 14 W. H. K. Lee, H. Meyers, and K.
Page 30 and 31: IMPORTANCE OF HISTORICAL SEISMOGRAM
Page 32 and 33: 18 Hiroo KanamoriTable Ib. Some Lar
Page 34 and 35: -60'1 1904-1985-M, >8.01II\I'.iPlus
Page 36 and 37: 22 Hiroo Kanamorievents often have
Page 38 and 39: ~~~24 Hiroo KanamoriThatcher et al.
Page 40 and 41: 26 Hiroo Kanamo riIf relatively com
Page 42 and 43: 28 Hiroo Kanamori9. Difficulties in
Page 44 and 45: 30 Hiroo KanamoriNagamune, T. (1971
Page 46 and 47: 32 Hiroo KanamoriI I I I I1000100z
Page 49: 11. Analysis of Historical Seismogr
Page 52: 38 Kat su y uki A beaddition to thi
Page 56 and 57: 42 Katsuyuki Abe20:oow19:302-I--Ia
Page 58 and 59: 44 Katsuyuki AbeIn the present stud
Page 60 and 61: 46 Katsuyuki AbeTable 3. Sinkiang E
Page 62 and 63: ~48 Katsuyuki AbeSieh (1978) and ot
Page 64 and 65: 50 Katsuyuki AbeREFERENCESAbe, K. (
Page 66 and 67: 52 E. Hurtig and G. KowalleFRG'.L.-
Page 68 and 69: 54 E. Hurtig and G. Kowalle2.2 Reco
Page 72 and 73: 58 N. V. Kondorskaya and Yu. F. Kop
Page 78 and 79: THE STATUS, IMPORTANCE, AND USE OFH
Page 80 and 81: 66 Ota Kulhdnek1 8 35lo. r 1s ' 20
Page 82 and 83: 68 Ota Kulhdnek1 UPP EW SEP 9 1954
Page 84 and 85: ANALYSIS OF HISTORICAL SEISMOGRAMS
Page 86 and 87: 72 S. K. Singhfrom Uppsala. We also
Page 88 and 89: 74S. K. SinghN1 1Oaxaca-X .-x x- x
Page 90 and 91: 76S. K. SinghESKUPPWIECHERT ELPZ A-
Page 92 and 93: 78 S. K. SinghJdFJ-22 Feb 1943Ms=7.
Page 94 and 95: 80 S. K. SinghDE BlLT (DBN) Z$I = 3
Page 96 and 97: 82 S. K. Singh7. The Great Jalisco,
Page 98 and 99: 84 S. K. SinghREFERENCESAbe, K. (19
Page 100 and 101: 86 S. Stein, E. A. Okal and D. A. W
Page 108 and 109: 94S. Stein, E. A. Okal and D. A. Wi
Page 110 and 111: 96S. Stein, E. A. Okal and D. A. Wi
Page 114 and 115: 100 S. Stein, E. A. Okal and D. A.
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RECENT ACTIVITIES AT THE INTERNATIO
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S.S. Felt and Damaging EarthquakesI
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In t e r na tio n a1 Se is mo logic
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1. IntroductionCatalogue of Chinese
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Catalogue of Chinese Earthquakes (M
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Catalogue of Chinese Earthquakes (A
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Catalogue of Chinese Earthquakes (A
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DATA BASES ON HISTORICAL SEISMICITY
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Data Bases on Historical Seismicity
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COMPILATION AND PROCESSING OF HISTO
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Compilation and Processing of Histo
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The U. S. Geological Survey’s Dat
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The U. S. Geological Survey's Datab
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~ ~The U. 5‘. Geological Survey
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The U. S. Geological Survey’s Dat
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Catalog of Large and Damaging Earth
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YCatalog of Large and Damaging Eart
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YM D h m1918 2 9 20 461918 2 13 6 7
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His to ric al Mate ria Is of Chine
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Historic a1 Mate rials of Chinese E
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Historical Materials of Chinere Ear
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His t o r ical Mate rials of Chin e
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IV. Individual Historical Earthquak
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174 N. N. Ambraseys and C. F. Finke
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Page 192 and 193:
Page 194 and 195:
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182 N. N. Arnbraseys and C. P. Melv
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184 N. N. Ambraseys and C. P. Melvi
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188 N. N. Arnbraseys and C. P. Melv
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202G. E. Fiedler B.FI1 IFigure 1. T
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204 G. E. Fiedler B.Figure 3. The S
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206 G. E. Fiedler B.Origin time Epi
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EVALUATION OF DAMAGE AND SOURCE PAR
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2 10 D. Muiioz and A. Udias3. Evalu
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212 D. Muiioz and A. Udias3 wFigure
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2 14 D. Mun"oz and A. Udiasgiven by
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216 D. Muioz and A. UdiasTable 2. D
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218 D. Munot and A. UdiasGentil, P.
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220 D. Muiioz and A. UdiasArchivo M
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V. Earthquake History
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226 M. DeBecker and T. CamelbeeckAt
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~~228 M. DeBecker and T. Camelbeeck
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230 M. DeBecker and T. Camelbeeek10
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DOCUMENTING NEW ZEALAND EARTHQUAKES
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234 G. A. EabyFrom a seismic point
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236 G. A. EibyImmediate practical p
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238 G. A. Eibynorth-west; but subsi
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240 G. A. Eibywith near-earthquake
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242 Pao Hua Lee120 121 122 123Figur
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0.3244 Pao Hua Lee(3) Ryukyu-Taiwan
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Pa0 Hua LeeTable 2. Major Earthquak
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248 Pao Hua LeeTable 2. (Continued
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250 Pao Hua Lee‘. . . an earthqua
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252 Pao Hua LeeREFERENCESCentral We
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254 S. Prac h ua b21I151 O0IFigure
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256 S. PrachuabTable 1. 12 Seismic
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258 S. Prac h u a bTable 2. (Contin
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260S. Prachuab94" 96" 98" 1 ooo2ac2
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262 S. Prachuab.17 MAY 1955EMrliCUA
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:;13264 S. Prachuab0 .me.0 . .eeee0
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266 S. Prac hua b005 6 7MAGNITUDEFi
Page 282 and 283:
268 T. R. Toppozada, C. R. Real, an
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Page 286 and 287:
2 72 T. R. Toppozada, C. R. Real, a
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Page 290 and 291:
STUDY OF HISTORICAL EARTHQUAKES IN
Page 292 and 293:
278 Tatsuo Usarni(3) Documents publ
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280 Tatsuo Usarnin5nlob0D KyotoKama
Page 296 and 297:
282 Tatsuo Usami:.:.., ........ L,/
Page 298 and 299:
284 Tatsuo Usami(2) A tsunami attac
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286 Tatsuo Usami1897lntenrLFigure 6
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~ ~~~~288 Tatsuo UsamiTable 4. Occu
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290 R. G. Valenzuela and L. C. Garc
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n09n08n001NoZlNobIn091n081N 002
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~ ~~294 R. G. Valenzuela and L. C.
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296 R. G. Valenzuela and L. C. Garc
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298 R. Muir Wood, G. Woo, and H. Bu
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Page 316 and 317:
Page 318 and 319:
Page 320 and 321:
Page 323 and 324:
MAGNITUDE-FAULT LENGTH RELATIONSHIP
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APPLICATIONS OF FUZZY MATHEMATICSIN
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Applications of Fuzzy Mathematics 3
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Page 331 and 332:
Page 333 and 334:
Applications of Fuzzy hluthematics
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ON THE SEISMICITY OF THE MIDDLEASTS
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uca,m a,kma,.IY kfi30 uhd
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On the Seismicity of the Middle Eas
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Page 345 and 346:
Page 347 and 348:
On the Seismicity oj the Middle Eas
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HISTORICAL SEISMICITY AND EARTHQUAK
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Historical Seismic it y and Earthqu
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fIistorica1 Seismicity and Earthquu
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Historical Seismicity and Earthquak
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Page 359 and 360:
Page 361 and 362:
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PATTERN ANALYSIS OF SMALL EARTHQUAK
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Pattern Analysis of Small Earthquak
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Page 373 and 374:
Page 375 and 376:
Page 377 and 378:
Earthquakes and Deep Fracture Zones
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--_-Earthquakes and Deep Fracture Z
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Page 387 and 388:
HISTORICAL SEISMOGRAM FILMING PROJE
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~~Historical Seismogram Filming Pro
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Historical Seismogram Filming Proje
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Historical Seismogram Filming Proje
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Filming Seismograms and Related Mat
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Page 401 and 402:
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Digitization and Processing of J.M.
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Page 409 and 410:
Page 411 and 412:
Page 413 and 414:
Page 415 and 416:
SOME REMARKS ON HISTORICAL SEISMOGR
Page 417 and 418:
Historical Seismograms and the Micr
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Page 421 and 422:
~~~~Historical Seismograms and the
Page 423 and 424:
Page 425 and 426:
His torical Se is mogru ms and the
Page 427 and 428:
Historical Sezs mogra ms and the Ma
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H1s t o rical Seismograms a nd the
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Page 433 and 434:
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Historical Seismograms in China 42
Page 438:
424 Kezin Qua History of Chinese Se
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428 Kexin Qu8. Plans for the Near F
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430 0. Ye. Starovoita station, its
Page 446 and 447:
DAT ANDTHE STANDARDIZATION OF SEISM
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434 Y. Tamura, H. Sasaki, M. Ooe, a
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~ So.i436 Y. Tarnura, H. Sasaki, M.
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438 Y. Tarnura, H. Sasaki, M. Ooe,
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440 Yasuhiro Umeda and Katsuyoshi I
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442 Yasuhiro Umeda and Katsuyoshi I
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HISTORICAL SEISMOGRAMS IN ITALYR. C
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Historical Seismograms in Italy 449
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HISTORICAL SEISMOGRAMS FROM AUSTRAL
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His to rical Se is mog ra ms From A
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SEISMOGRAMS MADE BEFORE 1963 AT STA
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2. New ZealandSeismograms Before 19
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Seismograms Before 1963 in the Sout
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Seismograms Before 1963 in the Sout
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Historical Seismograms Recorded in
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Hist orieal Se is mograms Reeo rded
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THE HISTORICAL SEISMOGRAMS OF COLOM
Page 483 and 484:
The Historical Seismograms of Colom
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Page 487 and 488:
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Helwan Historical Seismograms 475Al
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Se is mo log ic a1 Mea s use me n t
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Seismological Measurement an Hong K
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A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE SEISMOLOGICA
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History of the Seismological Observ
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~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~~Historical Seismogram
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494 Sergio S. Su, S. J.Figure S. Se
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496 Sergao S. Su, S. J.Figure 7. Ce
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498 K. L. SuendsenDominican Republi
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INDEXAAbuyama Seismological Observa
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Index 503China, see also Taiwan466
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Indez505HIHalin seismograph, 421Haw
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Index 507Karuizawa, 417Kobe, 117, 1
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Index 509PPacific Ocean1943 Malpelo
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Index 511Sri Lanka, Colombo station
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Index 513Wood-Anderson seismographW
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