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Chapter 10. Standardising multilingual data 155systems, and translation memories. However, the EAGLES group does not aim atproducing international standards but rather to present the needs and the requirementsof operational applications and to accelerate the process of standardisationin this matter.There are no specific standards for automatic machine translation either.However, CAT systems were subjected to many evaluations thus making it possibleto gradually improve the methodologies used for these evaluations. This is thereason why some of these evaluations can be considered as being de facto standardsfor the future evaluation of CAT technologies.On its side, the LISA organisation proposes a recommendation called TranslationMemory Exchange (TMX) that aims at facilitating the exchange of the datarelated to translation memories between tools and software CAT systems. AlthoughTM Tools are based on the same basic idea, we must note that for thesame sentence each tool proposes rather different ways to implement the requiredformatting information: on the one hand, formatting is applied to the source andtarget texts of a translation unit and this formatting is not exported to the correspondingTMX file; on the other hand, formatting is sometimes exported to theTMX file. In the following table (see Table 1), the sample sentence “the sentencecontains different formatting information” is represented in TMX by using severaltools (Zerfaß 2005). Some of these tools use external files to store formatting information(i.e., Déjà Vu and SDLX), but all of them use different ways of encodingthat information.Table 1. Comparison of formatting across toolsTRADOS 6.5 DÉJÀ VU SDLXThis {\bsentence}contains{\idifferent}{\ulformattinginformation}.{1}This{2}sentence{3}contains{4}different{5}{6}formattinginformation{7}.This<1>sentence</1>contains<2>different </2><3>formattinginformation</3>.In addition, the segmentation rules used by TM tools are not compatible:each tool applies its own rule to split the text into various segments. In a samesentence some tools consider various separators. For example the semi-colon is