Index 219open standards 206, 208,210, 211standards compliancetest<strong>in</strong>g 208translation and localisationstandards XI, 170style 15, 16, 19, 60, 102, 110,112; see also stylistichodgepodge 15stylistic preferences 8, 18stylistic requirements 15Tterm extraction 6, 12, 19, 47,59, 61, 62, 130; see alsoterm<strong>in</strong>ology extraction63, 133term extraction tool 19,130term <strong>for</strong>mation strategies 89,92, 97, 98term<strong>in</strong>ological coherence andconsistency 132term<strong>in</strong>ological conceptsystems 127term<strong>in</strong>ological data modell<strong>in</strong>g130term<strong>in</strong>ological description162term<strong>in</strong>ological <strong>in</strong>put 130term<strong>in</strong>ological module 169term<strong>in</strong>ology IX,X,6,23,25,42, 51, 57–63, 65, 67, 68,84, 95–98, 101–104,109–111, 116, 122, 126, 130,133, 139, 151, 152, 154, 157,158, 169, 197, 204, 209,210; see also multil<strong>in</strong>gualterm<strong>in</strong>ology 163multil<strong>in</strong>gualterm<strong>in</strong>ologicalresources X, 128term<strong>in</strong>ology database VII, 7,98, 110, 129, 131, 154, 163,168–169; see alsoterm<strong>in</strong>ology databasema<strong>in</strong>tenance 197term<strong>in</strong>ology databasemanagement systems154termbase 7, 11, 19, 129term<strong>in</strong>ology eng<strong>in</strong>eer<strong>in</strong>g 126term<strong>in</strong>ology management 57,60, 122, 130, 157, 163term<strong>in</strong>ology standardisationX, 110; see also standardisedterm<strong>in</strong>ology 89, 91, 92,102, 104, 117term<strong>in</strong>ology tools 102, 210;see also automaticterm-check<strong>in</strong>g system 112text analysis 57–59, 62text extraction 145; see alsomultil<strong>in</strong>gual text extractionand segmentation 146text type 18, 39, 47, 64threshold 12, 13TM(s) IX,2,3,6–12, 14–20,50, 52, 53, 138, 139, 141,143, 148, 154, 155, 175, 176,189, 190; see also TMsystems 2, 19multil<strong>in</strong>gual TMs 143TMX 141, 143–145, 151, 152,155, 157, 165, 166, 207,208, 210; see also TMX<strong>for</strong> Collaboration 145TMX-C 141, 144–146transcultural dimension 121translation aid 9, 44; see alsotranslation-aid system 136translation education andpractice 23, 24translation equivalents X, 65,79, 89, 95–97,102,103,119translation factory XI, 202translation <strong>in</strong>dustry 1–3, 8,17, 199translation memory VIII–X,19, 23, 28, 44–46, 58, 59,62, 113–116, 118, 128, 138,148, 151, 154, 155, 157, 168,190, 209, 210; see alsoCentral <strong>Translation</strong>Memory (CTM) 146<strong>Translation</strong> MemoryExchange (TMX) 155<strong>Translation</strong> MemoryManagement 143translation memorysoftware 100translation memory systemIX, 1, 110, 113, 122, 198translation problem IX, 12,23,28,35,36,47,79,138,194typologically driventranslation problems24translation process 11, 27, 28,108,115,153,174,175,179translation resources X, 71,94, 99, 103, 121, 128translation solution 27translation strategy 32–34translation technology 19, 57,67, 100; see also use oftranslation technology 101translation tools 18, 50, 99translation unit (TU) 6; seealso TU 6, 8, 12, 16, 140,144–147TU boundary detection146<strong>Translation</strong> Verification Test(TVT) XI, 173, 179translator education IX,39–41,53,57,67translator tra<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g X, 8, 9, 41,89, 90, 92, 93, 95, 103; seealso translator tra<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>gand practice 23translator tra<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>gcurriculum 9, 89, 90translator tra<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g<strong>in</strong>stitutes 9treebank VIII, IX, 23–28, 35,36, 60; see also PennTreebank 23–25, 29TiGer Treebank 23, 24, 26,27, 29monol<strong>in</strong>gual and paralleltreebank<strong>in</strong>g 35UUnited Nations 107–113,115–119; see also <strong>Language</strong>Service of the UnitedNations X, 107user <strong>in</strong>terface (UI) 102, 198Vvolunteer translator 136; seealso volunteer translationwork 137
220 <strong>Topics</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Language</strong> <strong>Resources</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>Translation</strong> and LocalisationWWaCky project 78web-based localisationenvironments 198website and productlocalisation 199wiki XI, 138–141, 143, 144,146–148; see also wikiarchitecture 139, 140wiki environment 140wiki implementation 140wiki store 143wildcard 13word order 5, 24, 29–32, 35;see also word orderpattern 29word order variation 29,32, 35words (types) 72WordSmith Tools 96XXLIFF 151, 152, 157, 202,205–207, 210, 212
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