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Chapter 5. The real use of corpora in teaching and research contexts 81Figure 1. Search in the BancTrad corpus for the sequence Det-Prep-Noun-Adj (partiallyrestricted to Past Participle)-Nom.The output of such a query (partially in Table 4) can be used as source for severalexercises with the aim of reinforcing the practice in translating these structures.Table 4. Some results of the search captured in Fig. 1DE: I.14 Instrumentarium für eine auf Zukunftsbeständigkeit gerichtete KommunalverwaltungCA: 1.14 Instruments i eines per a la gestió urbana cap a la sostenibilitat.DE: 1451 errichtete er an einem nach Süden gerichteten Chorpfeiler des Stephansdoms eineSonnenuhrCA: El 1451 va construir un rellotge de sol en un pilar de la catedral de Sant Esteve , encarat alsud .DE: Über dem nach West-Nord-West gerichteten Zifferblatt von I bis VIII mit römisch gotischenZiffern befindet sich das Wappenschild des Habsburgers Erzherzog Ferdinand II vonÖsterreichCA: Sobre el quadrant orientat a oest-nord-oest, amb xifres goticoromanes i línies horàries dela I a les VIII de la tarda , hi trobem l’ escut de l’ arxiduc habsburg Ferran II d’ Àustria .
82 Carme Colominas and Toni BadiaAs is known, this kind of nominal phrases constitutes a crucial difficulty inthe translation from Anglo-Germanic into Romance languages as they imply nontrivial restructuring tasks in the target language. Because of the diversity of modifiers(from the grammatical but also from the semantic point of view) that canbe involved, it is not possible to establish so many regularities in the translation ofthese complex nominal phrases from German. From annotated parallel corpora,many different types of such phrases can be extracted in order to observe differenttranslation solutions and/or to practise the translation from similar examples.– Finally, from corpora annotated with some textual information such as reference,subject, type of text, degree of difficulty, etc. (like BancTrad) interestingsearches can be done on sub-corpora in order to illustrate, for example, translationoptions determined by such kind of parameters. This is what happense.g. with the preposition nach in German, which in legal texts often has aparticular translation other than its common translation as a temporal ordirectional preposition:Table 5. Restriction on text_domain: legalDE: §52 Mitwirkung in Verfahren nach dem JugendgerichtsgesetzCA: Article 52 : Intervenció en procediments d’ acord amb la Llei d’ ordenació de els tribunalsde menorsDE: §87c Örtliche Zuständigkeit für die Beistandschaft, die Amtspflegschaft, die Amtsvormundschaftund die Auskunft nach §58aCA: Article 87c : la competència local per a l’ assistència en l’ exercici de la guarda , la curatelaadministrativa, la tutela administrativa i la informació en virtut de l’ article 58aFurther exploitation possibilities of parallel corpora lie in the possibility of searchingin the target language. One interesting issue, for both didactic and researchpurposes, is the exploration of alternative translation strategies to the canonicalones. For instance, one can be interested in translations of a given modal verb,which do not meet the translation possibilities that can be found in dictionaries.Such a query would presuppose the possibility to express restrictions (negation)over the target languages; this is actually a real possibility for a corpus processedwith the CQP. Nevertheless, this is a possibility that unfortunately, as far as weknow, has not yet been implemented in any interface.As for reformulation difficulties, during the re-expression phase, obviously alarge corpus in the target language will be mostly of help. Note that in trainingcontexts, reformulation difficulties are always much more common than wouldbe expected. Despite translating into their mother tongue, trainees are often facedwith a lack of precision in and adequacy of lexical choice and, more specifically,with the question of finding the right collocate. For instance, by translating a Germancollocation like seine Begabung fördern into Catalan, trainees will easily find
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Page 71 and 72: 58 Belinda Maiahindsight, one can n
Page 73 and 74: 60 Belinda Maiabeen translated by m
Page 75 and 76: 62 Belinda Maiastudy reformulations
Page 77 and 78: 64 Belinda MaiaSearchablecorporaenc
Page 79 and 80: 66 Belinda Maia- Find definition ca
Page 81 and 82: 68 Belinda MaialishaEuropeanMaster
Page 83 and 84: 70 Belinda MaiaMaia, B. and L. Sarm
Page 85 and 86: 72 Carme Colominas and Toni Badiadi
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chapter 9BEYTransA Wiki-based envir
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Chapter 9. BEYTrans 137Trans system
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chapter 10Standardising the managem
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chapter 11Tagging and tracing Progr
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chapter 12Linguistic resources and
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IndexAAfrican language translatorX,
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Index 217Expert Advisory Group onLa
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Index 219open standards 206, 208,21
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Benjamins Translation LibraryA comp
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27 Beylard-Ozeroff, Ann, Jana Král
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