The Impact of Pesticides - Academy Publish

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Table 2. Biological reference values (BRVs) for specific metabolites of six differentpesticides in 24-h urine collection of workersPesticidesOP insecticidesChlorpyrifosUrinarybiomarkerBRV a(nmol/kgbw/day)Urinecollection(following theonsetexposure)3,5,6-TCP 26 24-h urine76 48-h urineTotal APs 45 24-h urine99 48-h urineReference dose usedto derive the BRV0.23 µmol/kg/day(NOEL based on anoral exposure inhumans)MalathionParathionMCA 44 24-h urineDCA 13MCA + 62DCATotal APs 57Total 119metabolitesp-NP 6 12-h urine24 24-h urineTotal APs 2 12-h urine15 24-h urine0.61 µmol/kg/day(NOEL based on anoral exposure inhumans)18.2 µmol/kg/day(NOEL based on adermal exposure inhumans)Carbamate insecticidesCarbaryl1-naphthol 32 24-h urinePhthalimide fungicidesCaptanTHPI 21.5 24-h urineFolpetPI 0.04 24-h urinePA eq 32 24-h urinepesticide and adjusted for the body weight.0.3 µmol/kg/day(NOAEL based onab oral exposure inhumans)chronic oral RfD of0.125 mg/kg bw/daychronic oral RfD of0.09 mg/kg bw/daya BRV corresponds to mean cumulative amounts of the studied metabolite measuredin 12- or 24-h urine of workers exposed to the specificAcademyPublish.org - The Impact of Pesticides122
Table 3. Mean cumulative amounts of metabolites observed in 24-h urinecollections of workers assessed in different studies and comparison with proposedbiological reference values below which health risks should be negligible.References N a urinarybiomarkeStudiedrMalathionMárquez etal. (2001)Bouchard etal. (2003)Meancumulative amountsof studiedmetabolitein 24-hurine(range)(nmol/kgbw) b3 MCA 15.5 (6.3– 31.7)11MCA 2.54 (0.73– 9.25)DCA 0.99 (0.14– 2.21)Averagefractionof theproposed BRV(range)0.35(0.14 –0.72)0.06(0.02 –0.21))0.08(0.01 –0.32)Activity cApplicatorsApplicatorsGreenhouseGreenhouseCrops dChlorpyrifosFenske andElkner(1990)Samuel etal. (2002)8 3,5,6-TCP1 3,5,6-TCP3 3,5,6-TCP2.01 (0.52-3.12)0.08(0.02 –0.12)StructuraltreatmentcontrolGreenhouse0.10 0.004 Applicator Greenhouse0.38 (0.3– 0.47)0.01(0.01 –0.02)HandlingGreenhouseCarbarylSamuel etal. (2002)Bouchard etal. (2008)2 1-naphtol 1.03 (0.62– 1.44)121-naphtol 16.2 (0.71– 103)2 1-naphtol 2.21 (1.06– 3.36)5 1-naphtol 8.47 (0.85– 20.6)0.03(0.02 –0.05)0.51(0.02 –3.23)0.08(0.04 –0.11)0.29(0.06 –0.65)ApplicatorsHandlingApplicatorsHandlingGreenhouseGreenhouseGreenhouseGreenhouseCaptanWinterlin etal. (1986)AcademyPublish.org - The Impact of Pesticides123
Page 1 and 2:
The Impactof PesticidesEdited by:Pr
Page 3 and 4:
Other access free resources from Ac
Page 5 and 6:
The Impact of PesticidesPrepared an
Page 7 and 8:
Table of Contentsp.203-p.224 Behavi
Page 9 and 10:
About authorspublished by Elsevier.
Page 11 and 12:
About authorsof medical researchers
Page 13:
About authorsdifferent spatial scal
Page 16 and 17:
About authorsEducation:Bachelor’s
Page 18 and 19:
About authorsSensors - A Nanotechno
Page 20 and 21:
Section 1HUMAN EXPOSURE TO PESTICID
Page 22 and 23:
ecently explored on preliminary stu
Page 24:
individuals within 1 day (Jokanovic
Page 27 and 28:
occupational environmental health r
Page 30 and 31:
must be considered, since effective
Page 34 and 35:
Jensen BH, Petersen A, and Christen
Page 36 and 37:
Ragas AMJ, and Huijbregts MAJ (1998
Page 38 and 39:
Weichenthal S, Moase C, and Chan P
Page 40 and 41:
human poisoning, general acute symp
Page 42 and 43:
Management of the cholinergic syndr
Page 44 and 45:
1982; Lotti, 1992; Jokanović et al
Page 46 and 47:
exposed populations, revealed high
Page 48 and 49:
DiazepamBenzodiazepines are CNS dep
Page 50 and 51:
Among the many classes of oximes in
Page 52 and 53:
inhibited by dichlorvos (a dimethox
Page 54 and 55:
Dawson, 1995). It appears that the
Page 56 and 57:
Eddleston M, Eyer P, Worek F, Moham
Page 58 and 59:
Jokanović M, Kosanović M (2010b).
Page 60 and 61:
Ray DE (1998). Chronic effects of l
Page 62 and 63:
Worek F, Eyer P, Kiderlen D, Thierm
Page 64 and 65:
developing countries is due to suic
Page 66 and 67:
count and morphology, as well as se
Page 68 and 69:
PON1 modulation of genetic damageFe
Page 70 and 71:
elationship between OP exposure and
Page 72 and 73: Blatter-Garin MC, James RW, Dussoix
Page 74 and 75: Hung RJ, Hall J, Brennan P, Boffett
Page 76 and 77: Rojas-García AE., Solís-Heredia M
Page 78 and 79: Occupational Exposure to Pesticides
Page 80 and 81: considered as conditions typical of
Page 82 and 83: observed adverse health outcome. Su
Page 84 and 85: within cells can oxidize biomolecul
Page 86 and 87: of the study. A face-to-face questi
Page 88 and 89: PesticidesFungicideInsecticide-Nema
Page 90 and 91: Table 4. Mixtures of pesticides use
Page 92 and 93: In pesticide applicators, Table 7 s
Page 94 and 95: DISCUSSIONThe agricultural workers
Page 96 and 97: changes in the antioxidant enzyme C
Page 98 and 99: Bajpayee, M.; Pandey, A. K.; Parmar
Page 100 and 101: Environmental health criteria 155.
Page 102 and 103: Palus, J.; Rydzynski, K.; Dziubalto
Page 104 and 105: Singh, N.P.; McCoy, M.T.; Tice, R.R
Page 106 and 107: INTRODUCTIONPopulations may be occu
Page 108 and 109: exposure scenarios on the basis of
Page 110 and 111: not present adverse health effects
Page 112 and 113: greenhouse workers exposed to malat
Page 114 and 115: Paraoxon is then either metabolized
Page 116 and 117: cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboximide, CAS
Page 118 and 119: metabolite of phthalates, such that
Page 120 and 121: scenarios were simulated, assuming
Page 124 and 125: References N a urinarybiomarkeStudi
Page 126 and 127: Figure 2. Representation of a BRV d
Page 128 and 129: Figure 4. Conceptual representation
Page 130 and 131: Figure 6 Conceptual representation
Page 132 and 133: REFERENCESACGIH, 2011. Documentatio
Page 134 and 135: Bradway, D.E., Shafik, T.M., 1977.
Page 136 and 137: EPA, 1999b. Registration Eligibilit
Page 138 and 139: Hines, C.J., Deddens, J.A., Jaycox,
Page 140 and 141: McCollister, S.B., Kociba, R.J., Hu
Page 142 and 143: Verberk, M.M., Brouwer, D.H., Brouw
Page 144 and 145: important IGFBP for binding IGF-1 i
Page 146 and 147: secretion of IGF-1 (Tannheimer et a
Page 148 and 149: FIGURESFig. 1. An “hormetic” ef
Page 150 and 151: Landi F, Capoluongo E, Russo A, Ond
Page 152 and 153: Smith WJ, Underwood LE, Clemmons DR
Page 154 and 155: Section 2PESTICIDES IN THEENVIRONME
Page 156 and 157: vicinity of subsoil waters and ther
Page 158 and 159: Hieracium pilosella, southernwood -
Page 160 and 161: formed clusters (Figure 3). Ultrast
Page 162 and 163: Fig. 5. Fragment of hepatocyte of t
Page 164 and 165: Szarek, J, Skibniewska, K, Wojtacka
Page 166 and 167: negative effects (ZALUCKI et al., 2
Page 168 and 169: Figure 2. Appropriated sampling pro
Page 170 and 171: Figure 4. Illustration of the conse
Page 172 and 173:
(HAILE et al., 1998). Earlier resul
Page 174 and 175:
Table 1. Distribution of the applic
Page 176 and 177:
Means followed by the same letter i
Page 178 and 179:
(involving pests and natural enemie
Page 180 and 181:
efore the pest emergence and their
Page 182 and 183:
Table 3 (continuation)…AcademyPub
Page 184 and 185:
Table 5. Effect of different fungic
Page 186 and 187:
Table 6. Magament used including do
Page 188 and 189:
adopted by Brazilian soybean grower
Page 190 and 191:
Pickle, C.S.; Caviness, C.E. Yield
Page 192 and 193:
This chapter reports on Dutch surfa
Page 194 and 195:
several different occasions at any
Page 196 and 197:
The greatest number of pesticides a
Page 198 and 199:
Accumulated ExceedanceIt is useful
Page 200 and 201:
For the years 2003-2009 the calcula
Page 202 and 203:
Bonzini S, Verro R, Otto S, Lazzaro
Page 204 and 205:
atios of the pesticide amounts in t
Page 206 and 207:
Table 1. (Cont.) Runoff ratios of p
Page 208 and 209:
mefenacet and simetrin were observe
Page 210 and 211:
Table 2. (Cont.)Pesticide concentra
Page 212 and 213:
Table 2. (Cont.)Pesticide concentra
Page 214 and 215:
Fig. 3. Typical weekly variation of
Page 216 and 217:
(BAM) in water (Pukkila et al. 2009
Page 218 and 219:
Table 5. Concentrations of pesticid
Page 220 and 221:
Table 6. Maximum concentrations of
Page 222 and 223:
Iwafune, T, Inao, K, Horio, T, Iwas
Page 224 and 225:
Suzuki, M, Takemine, S, Yoshida, M,
Page 226 and 227:
factor, etc. Levels of pesticides i
Page 228 and 229:
factor of 10 above ambient sea wate
Page 230 and 231:
weight sample. Minimum were shown f
Page 232 and 233:
Figure 3. DDTs in mussel samples fo
Page 234 and 235:
Figure 5. HCB in mussel samples for
Page 236 and 237:
Figure 8. Methoxychlor in mussel sa
Page 238 and 239:
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTAuthors thank UNEP/M
Page 240 and 241:
Pesticide Risk Index of Del Azul Wa
Page 242 and 243:
on that presented in Swanson et al.
Page 244 and 245:
eference value for that substance.
Page 246 and 247:
predict the aquatic toxicity of a s
Page 248 and 249:
Calculation Model of Aggravating Fa
Page 250 and 251:
To estimate the values of Human Hea
Page 252 and 253:
water in comparison with the durati
Page 254 and 255:
Cypermethrin (95 th percentile (P 9
Page 256 and 257:
Table 8 shows the results of the De
Page 258 and 259:
are many ranking systems of dangero
Page 260 and 261:
REFERENCESAres J. (2004). “Estima
Page 262 and 263:
Mackay D. and Paterson S. (1991).
Page 264 and 265:
Long-term Monitoring of Pesticides
Page 266 and 267:
Sampling sites of the survey in 200
Page 268 and 269:
than those in Lake Biwa and Seta Ri
Page 270 and 271:
Fig. 7 Detection of fungicides in R
Page 272 and 273:
Fig. 11 Detection of herbicides in
Page 274 and 275:
Monitoring of pesticides in Yanamun
Page 276 and 277:
A measured volume (1000 mL) of the
Page 278 and 279:
SimetrynePretilachlorConcentration
Page 280 and 281:
Fig. 18 Maximum concentrations of t
Page 282 and 283:
Ecological risk assessmentFig. 20 Y
Page 284 and 285:
REFERENCESAgradi E, Baga R, Cillo F
Page 286 and 287:
Time Trend Variation of Selected Pe
Page 288 and 289:
Table 1. Physical and chemical prop
Page 290 and 291:
marketed under variety of trade nam
Page 292 and 293:
Figure 3. Long-term trends of globa
Page 294 and 295:
laboratory animals fed or injected
Page 296 and 297:
fed for a lifespan at 5-1,600 mg/kg
Page 298 and 299:
Soil samplingSoil sampling was foll
Page 300 and 301:
Figure 5. Map showing sampling area
Page 302 and 303:
concentration (MAC) in surface soil
Page 304 and 305:
Table 7. Concentrations of HCH isom
Page 306 and 307:
Shanghai and Guanting Reservoir (Ch
Page 308 and 309:
Contrary to the results of ΣDDT, t
Page 310 and 311:
DDT metabolites, the ratio of (p,p
Page 312 and 313:
2001). Therefore, the predominance
Page 314 and 315:
Mean concentration (ng g -1 dw)3002
Page 316 and 317:
CONCLUSIONSAn evaluation of selecte
Page 318 and 319:
Hung, D.Q., Thiemann, W., (2002),
Page 320 and 321:
Viet, P.H., Hoai, P.M., Minh, N.H.,
Page 322 and 323:
found in tissues or fluids samples
Page 324 and 325:
Study area and SamplingThis study w
Page 326 and 327:
the liver, mainly to p,p'-DDE and p
Page 328 and 329:
33,370 ha, whilst that of woody cro
Page 330 and 331:
Increase in crops area (x1000)Ha)25
Page 332 and 333:
Table 1. Blood concentrations of or
Page 334 and 335:
Council Directive 90/533/EEC of 15
Page 336 and 337:
Konstantinou, IK, Goutner, V, Alban
Page 338 and 339:
Smith, AG (2004). “Toxicology of
Page 340 and 341:
Pesticides are used in order to pro
Page 342 and 343:
EXPERIMENTALMaterialsIsoproturon wa
Page 344 and 345:
RESULTS AND DISCUSIONEquilibrium is
Page 346 and 347:
As seen in Table 4, as the concentr
Page 348 and 349:
Fig.4. Breakthrough curves of isopr
Page 350 and 351:
Fig.6. Breakthrough curves of isopr
Page 352 and 353:
Fig.8. Experimental and theoretical
Page 354 and 355:
Section 3PESTICIDE ANALYSISAcademyP
Page 356 and 357:
scandal’ are familiar to the gene
Page 358 and 359:
ecoveries (>70%) for certain pH-dep
Page 360 and 361:
Due the versatility of the QuEChERS
Page 362 and 363:
of application, with some still sca
Page 364 and 365:
The main supercritical solvent used
Page 366 and 367:
extracting the pesticides from the
Page 368 and 369:
would be appropriate for the routin
Page 370 and 371:
chromatography with negative-ion el
Page 372 and 373:
GPC was applied as a nondestructive
Page 374 and 375:
Charlton A.J.A., Stuckey, V. (2009)
Page 376 and 377:
Lehotay, S.J., Mastvoska, K. & Yun,
Page 378 and 379:
Rodrigues, F. M., Mesquita, P. R. R
Page 380 and 381:
Analytical methods to assess the im
Page 382 and 383:
acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter t
Page 384 and 385:
1.3 to 22.3% for all pesticides. Li
Page 386 and 387:
Malathion, parathion, fenitrothion,
Page 388 and 389:
Fuller, BH and Berger, GMB (1990).
Page 390 and 391:
Table 1. Largest exporters of coffe
Page 392 and 393:
Fig. 1: Structures of (a) Phosphate
Page 394 and 395:
ELECTROCHEMICAL BIOSENSORBiosensors
Page 396 and 397:
inorganic and organic species a lar
Page 398 and 399:
surface area and be easily modified
Page 400 and 401:
Acetylcholine + H 2 O AChE Choline
Page 402 and 403:
Wang, 2010) and tetracyanoquinodime
Page 404 and 405:
PDDA/AChE/PDDA/CNT/GCAChE-Au-PPy/GC
Page 406 and 407:
ng/mL and good precision (RSD ) 5.3
Page 408 and 409:
FUTURE PERSPECTIVESThe detection of
Page 410 and 411:
Du, D; Wang, M; Cai, J; Qin, Y; Zha
Page 412 and 413:
Martorell, D; Cespedes, F; Fabreaga
Page 414 and 415:
The Pesticide Action Network (PAN).
Page 416 and 417:
About EditorMilan JokanovićProfess
Page 418:
THE IMPACT OF PESTICIDESPesticides
show all

The Impact of Pesticides - Academy Publish

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?