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Jensen BH, Petersen A, and Christensen T (2009). “Probabilistic assessment of thecumulative dietary acute exposure of the population of Denmark toorganophosphorus and carbamate pesticides”, Food Addit Contam, Vol 26, No 7, pp1038-104.Jensen HK, Konradsen F, Jørs E, Petersen JH, and Dalsgaard A (2010). “PesticideUse and Self-Reported Symptoms of Acute Pesticide Poisoning among AquaticFarmers in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, J Toxicol, 2011; Doi 10.1155/2011/639814.Jokanovic M (2009). “Medical treatment of acute poisoning with organophosphorusand carbamate pesticides, Toxicol Lett, 190, pp 107-115.Jokanovic M, and Maksimovic M (1997). “Abnormal cholinesterase activity:understandingand interpretation”, Eur. J Clin Chem Clin Biochem, 35, pp 11-16.Keikotlhaile B M, and Spanoghe P (2011). Chapter 13-Pesticide Residues in Fruitsand Vegetables, in Pesticides - Strategies for Pesticides Analysis” (Ed. MargaritaStoytcheva; ISBN: 978-953-307-460-3), InTech, Rijeka, pp 243-252.Kobayashi M, Ohtsuka K, Tamura, Y, Tomizawa S, Kamijo K, Iwakoshi K,Kageyama Y, Nagayama T, and Takano I (2011). “Survey of Pesticide Residues inImported Frozen Vegetables and Fruits (1989-2008)”, J Food Hyg, Soc. Japan, pp121-129.Kruve A, Haapala M, Saarela V, Franssila S, Kostiainen R, Kotiaho T, and KetolaRA (2011). “Feasibility of capillary liquid chromatography-microchip-atmosphericpressure photoionization-mass spectrometry for pesticide analysis in tomato”, AnalChim Acta, 696, pp 77-83.Kumari B, Madan VK, Singh J, Singh S, and Kathpal TS (2004). “Monitoring ofpesticidal contamination of farm gate vegetables from hisar”, Environ Monit Assess,90, pp 65-71.Llorent-Martínez EJ, Ortega-Barrales P, Fernández-de Córdova ML, and Ruiz-Medina A, (2011). “Trends in flow-based analytical methods applied to pesticidedetection: A review”, Analy Chim Acta, 684, pp 30-39.Lu C, Schenck FJ, Pearson MA, and Wong JW (2010). “Assessing children's dietarypesticide exposure: direct measurement of pesticide residues in 24-hr duplicate foodsamples”, Environ Health Perspect, 118, pp 1625-1630.Lubis, SH, El Sersi, M, Hussein, SH, Sakian, NI, Salleh, R, Rafai, J, and AlKhamesey K. (2008). “A biomarker for exposure to organophosphate and carbamatepesticides”, Asia Pac J Public Health, Vol 20, pp162-165.AcademyPublish.org - The Impact of Pesticides34
Manno M, Viau C, Cocker J, Colosio C, Lowry L, Mutti A, Nordberg M, and WangS (2010). “Biomonitoring for occupational health risk assessment (BOHRA)”,Toxicol Lett, 192, pp 3-16.Meeker JD, Singh NP, Ryan L, Duty SM, Barr DB, Herrick RF, Bennett DH, andHauser R. (2004). “Urinary levels of insecticide metabolites and DNA damage inhuman sperm”, Hum Reprod, 19 (11), pp 2573-2580.Moffit JS, Bryant BH, Hall SJ, and Boekelheide K (2007). “Dose-Dependent Effectsof Sertoli Cell Toxicants 2,5-Hexanedione, Carbendazim, and Mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate in Adult Rat Testis”, Toxicol Pathol, 35, pp 719-727.Morais S, Correia M, Domingues V and Delerue-Matos C (2011). “Chapter 10 -Urea Pesticides”, in Pesticides - Strategies for Pesticides Analysis” (Ed. MargaritaStoytcheva; ISBN: 978-953-307-460-3), InTech, Rijeka, pp 241-262.Ngoula F, Watcho P, Bouseko TS, Kenfack A, Tchoumboué J, and Kamtchouing P(2007). “Effects of propoxur on the reproductive system of male rats”, Afr J ReprodHealth, 11(1), pp 125-132.Niessen WMA (2010). “Group-specific fragmentation of pesticides and relatedcompounds in liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry”, J Chromatogr A,1217, pp 4061-4070.Paiga P, Morais S, Correia M, Alves A, and Delerue-Matos C (2009a). “ Screeningof Carbamates and Ureas in Fresh and Processed Tomato Samples usingMicrowave-Assisted Extraction and Liquid Chromatography”, Anal Lett, 42, pp265-283.Paiga P, Morais S, Correia M, Delerue-Matos C, and Alves A (2009b).“Determination of carbamate and urea pesticide residues in fresh vegetables usingmicrowave-assisted extraction and liquid chromatography”, Int J Environ AnalChem, 89, pp 199-210.Park S, Lee SJ, Kim HG, Jeong WY, Shim J-H, Abd El-Aty AM, Jeong SW, LeeWS, Kim ST and Shin SC (2010). “Residue analysis of multi-class pesticides inwatermelon by LC-MS/MS, J Sep Sci, 33, pp 493-501.Ragas Ad MJ, Huijbregts MAJ, Jong IH, and Leuven RSEW (2009). “Uncertaintyin environmental risk assessment: implications for risk-based management of riverbasins”, Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, 5(1), pp 27-37.Ragas Ad MJ, Oldenkamp R, Preeker NL, Wernicke J, and Schlink U (2011).“Cumulative risk assessment of chemical exposures in urban environments”,Environm Internat, 37, pp 872-881.AcademyPublish.org - The Impact of Pesticides35
Page 1 and 2: The Impactof PesticidesEdited by:Pr
Page 3 and 4: Other access free resources from Ac
Page 5 and 6: The Impact of PesticidesPrepared an
Page 7 and 8: Table of Contentsp.203-p.224 Behavi
Page 9 and 10: About authorspublished by Elsevier.
Page 11 and 12: About authorsof medical researchers
Page 13: About authorsdifferent spatial scal
Page 16 and 17: About authorsEducation:Bachelor’s
Page 18 and 19: About authorsSensors - A Nanotechno
Page 20 and 21: Section 1HUMAN EXPOSURE TO PESTICID
Page 22 and 23: ecently explored on preliminary stu
Page 24: individuals within 1 day (Jokanovic
Page 27 and 28: occupational environmental health r
Page 30 and 31: must be considered, since effective
Page 36 and 37: Ragas AMJ, and Huijbregts MAJ (1998
Page 38 and 39: Weichenthal S, Moase C, and Chan P
Page 40 and 41: human poisoning, general acute symp
Page 42 and 43: Management of the cholinergic syndr
Page 44 and 45: 1982; Lotti, 1992; Jokanović et al
Page 46 and 47: exposed populations, revealed high
Page 48 and 49: DiazepamBenzodiazepines are CNS dep
Page 50 and 51: Among the many classes of oximes in
Page 52 and 53: inhibited by dichlorvos (a dimethox
Page 54 and 55: Dawson, 1995). It appears that the
Page 56 and 57: Eddleston M, Eyer P, Worek F, Moham
Page 58 and 59: Jokanović M, Kosanović M (2010b).
Page 60 and 61: Ray DE (1998). Chronic effects of l
Page 62 and 63: Worek F, Eyer P, Kiderlen D, Thierm
Page 64 and 65: developing countries is due to suic
Page 66 and 67: count and morphology, as well as se
Page 68 and 69: PON1 modulation of genetic damageFe
Page 70 and 71: elationship between OP exposure and
Page 72 and 73: Blatter-Garin MC, James RW, Dussoix
Page 74 and 75: Hung RJ, Hall J, Brennan P, Boffett
Page 76 and 77: Rojas-García AE., Solís-Heredia M
Page 78 and 79: Occupational Exposure to Pesticides
Page 80 and 81: considered as conditions typical of
Page 82 and 83:
observed adverse health outcome. Su
Page 84 and 85:
within cells can oxidize biomolecul
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of the study. A face-to-face questi
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PesticidesFungicideInsecticide-Nema
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Table 4. Mixtures of pesticides use
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In pesticide applicators, Table 7 s
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DISCUSSIONThe agricultural workers
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changes in the antioxidant enzyme C
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Bajpayee, M.; Pandey, A. K.; Parmar
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Environmental health criteria 155.
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Palus, J.; Rydzynski, K.; Dziubalto
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Singh, N.P.; McCoy, M.T.; Tice, R.R
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INTRODUCTIONPopulations may be occu
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exposure scenarios on the basis of
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not present adverse health effects
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greenhouse workers exposed to malat
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Paraoxon is then either metabolized
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cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboximide, CAS
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metabolite of phthalates, such that
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scenarios were simulated, assuming
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Table 2. Biological reference value
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References N a urinarybiomarkeStudi
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Figure 2. Representation of a BRV d
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Figure 4. Conceptual representation
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Figure 6 Conceptual representation
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REFERENCESACGIH, 2011. Documentatio
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Bradway, D.E., Shafik, T.M., 1977.
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EPA, 1999b. Registration Eligibilit
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Hines, C.J., Deddens, J.A., Jaycox,
Page 140 and 141:
McCollister, S.B., Kociba, R.J., Hu
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Verberk, M.M., Brouwer, D.H., Brouw
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important IGFBP for binding IGF-1 i
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secretion of IGF-1 (Tannheimer et a
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FIGURESFig. 1. An “hormetic” ef
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Landi F, Capoluongo E, Russo A, Ond
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Smith WJ, Underwood LE, Clemmons DR
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Section 2PESTICIDES IN THEENVIRONME
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vicinity of subsoil waters and ther
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Hieracium pilosella, southernwood -
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formed clusters (Figure 3). Ultrast
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Fig. 5. Fragment of hepatocyte of t
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Szarek, J, Skibniewska, K, Wojtacka
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negative effects (ZALUCKI et al., 2
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Figure 2. Appropriated sampling pro
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Figure 4. Illustration of the conse
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(HAILE et al., 1998). Earlier resul
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Table 1. Distribution of the applic
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Means followed by the same letter i
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(involving pests and natural enemie
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efore the pest emergence and their
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Table 3 (continuation)…AcademyPub
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Table 5. Effect of different fungic
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Table 6. Magament used including do
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adopted by Brazilian soybean grower
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Pickle, C.S.; Caviness, C.E. Yield
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This chapter reports on Dutch surfa
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several different occasions at any
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The greatest number of pesticides a
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Accumulated ExceedanceIt is useful
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For the years 2003-2009 the calcula
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Bonzini S, Verro R, Otto S, Lazzaro
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atios of the pesticide amounts in t
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Table 1. (Cont.) Runoff ratios of p
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mefenacet and simetrin were observe
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Table 2. (Cont.)Pesticide concentra
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Table 2. (Cont.)Pesticide concentra
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Fig. 3. Typical weekly variation of
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(BAM) in water (Pukkila et al. 2009
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Table 5. Concentrations of pesticid
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Table 6. Maximum concentrations of
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Iwafune, T, Inao, K, Horio, T, Iwas
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Suzuki, M, Takemine, S, Yoshida, M,
Page 226 and 227:
factor, etc. Levels of pesticides i
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factor of 10 above ambient sea wate
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weight sample. Minimum were shown f
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Figure 3. DDTs in mussel samples fo
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Figure 5. HCB in mussel samples for
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Figure 8. Methoxychlor in mussel sa
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTAuthors thank UNEP/M
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Pesticide Risk Index of Del Azul Wa
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on that presented in Swanson et al.
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eference value for that substance.
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predict the aquatic toxicity of a s
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Calculation Model of Aggravating Fa
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To estimate the values of Human Hea
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water in comparison with the durati
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Cypermethrin (95 th percentile (P 9
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Table 8 shows the results of the De
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are many ranking systems of dangero
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REFERENCESAres J. (2004). “Estima
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Mackay D. and Paterson S. (1991).
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Long-term Monitoring of Pesticides
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Sampling sites of the survey in 200
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than those in Lake Biwa and Seta Ri
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Fig. 7 Detection of fungicides in R
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Fig. 11 Detection of herbicides in
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Monitoring of pesticides in Yanamun
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A measured volume (1000 mL) of the
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SimetrynePretilachlorConcentration
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Fig. 18 Maximum concentrations of t
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Ecological risk assessmentFig. 20 Y
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REFERENCESAgradi E, Baga R, Cillo F
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Time Trend Variation of Selected Pe
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Table 1. Physical and chemical prop
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marketed under variety of trade nam
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Figure 3. Long-term trends of globa
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laboratory animals fed or injected
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fed for a lifespan at 5-1,600 mg/kg
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Soil samplingSoil sampling was foll
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Figure 5. Map showing sampling area
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concentration (MAC) in surface soil
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Table 7. Concentrations of HCH isom
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Shanghai and Guanting Reservoir (Ch
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Contrary to the results of ΣDDT, t
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DDT metabolites, the ratio of (p,p
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2001). Therefore, the predominance
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Mean concentration (ng g -1 dw)3002
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CONCLUSIONSAn evaluation of selecte
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Hung, D.Q., Thiemann, W., (2002),
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Viet, P.H., Hoai, P.M., Minh, N.H.,
Page 322 and 323:
found in tissues or fluids samples
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Study area and SamplingThis study w
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the liver, mainly to p,p'-DDE and p
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33,370 ha, whilst that of woody cro
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Increase in crops area (x1000)Ha)25
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Table 1. Blood concentrations of or
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Council Directive 90/533/EEC of 15
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Konstantinou, IK, Goutner, V, Alban
Page 338 and 339:
Smith, AG (2004). “Toxicology of
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Pesticides are used in order to pro
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EXPERIMENTALMaterialsIsoproturon wa
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RESULTS AND DISCUSIONEquilibrium is
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As seen in Table 4, as the concentr
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Fig.4. Breakthrough curves of isopr
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Fig.6. Breakthrough curves of isopr
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Fig.8. Experimental and theoretical
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Section 3PESTICIDE ANALYSISAcademyP
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scandal’ are familiar to the gene
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ecoveries (>70%) for certain pH-dep
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Due the versatility of the QuEChERS
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of application, with some still sca
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The main supercritical solvent used
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extracting the pesticides from the
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would be appropriate for the routin
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chromatography with negative-ion el
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GPC was applied as a nondestructive
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Charlton A.J.A., Stuckey, V. (2009)
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Lehotay, S.J., Mastvoska, K. & Yun,
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Rodrigues, F. M., Mesquita, P. R. R
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Analytical methods to assess the im
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acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter t
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1.3 to 22.3% for all pesticides. Li
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Malathion, parathion, fenitrothion,
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Fuller, BH and Berger, GMB (1990).
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Table 1. Largest exporters of coffe
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Fig. 1: Structures of (a) Phosphate
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ELECTROCHEMICAL BIOSENSORBiosensors
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inorganic and organic species a lar
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surface area and be easily modified
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Acetylcholine + H 2 O AChE Choline
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Wang, 2010) and tetracyanoquinodime
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PDDA/AChE/PDDA/CNT/GCAChE-Au-PPy/GC
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ng/mL and good precision (RSD ) 5.3
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FUTURE PERSPECTIVESThe detection of
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Du, D; Wang, M; Cai, J; Qin, Y; Zha
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Martorell, D; Cespedes, F; Fabreaga
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The Pesticide Action Network (PAN).
Page 416 and 417:
About EditorMilan JokanovićProfess
Page 418:
THE IMPACT OF PESTICIDESPesticides
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