The Impact of Pesticides - Academy Publish

Long-term Monitoring of Pesticides in Water from LakeBiwa and Rivers Flowing into Lake BiwaTaizo TsudaABSTRACTSurveys of various pesticide contaminations were performed for water in Lake Biwafrom 2000 to 2009 and in rivers flowing into Lake Biwa from 1988 to 2009. Elevenpesticides (fenobcarb, diazinon, fenitrothion, iprobenfos, isoprothiolane,chlornitrofen (CNP), thiobencarb, molinate, bromobutide, simetryne andpretilachlor) were selected and the concentration changes of the pesticides wereevaluated based on their shipment amounts. Their concentrations in water of LakeBiwa and rivers flowing into Lake Biwa were compared with their no observedeffect concentration (NOEC) and their predicted no effect concentration (PNEC)values and initial ecological risk assessment was conducted for the six pesticides(dichlorvos, diazinon, fenitrothion, iprobenfos, isoprothiolane and thiobencarb) bytheir PNEC values. Further, the concentrations of the 11 pesticides in the water fromLake Biwa and rivers were evaluated by their environmental water quality standardand guideline values in Japan.INTRODUCTIONWe have already reported various pesticide contamination of water from sevenrivers flowing into Lake Biwa (Tsuda et al. 1991; 1992; 1994; 1996; 1997; 1998;Takino et al. 1998). Recently, we again performed the same survey in water fromYanamune River once or twice from April to August in 2007 (Tsuda et al. 2009a)and in water from 21 rivers around Lake Biwa from May to June in 2009 (Tsuda etal. 2011b). On the other hands, we have performed the same survey in water fromLake Biwa and Seta River since 2000 (Nakamura et al. 2008; Tsuda et al. 2009a;Tsuda et al. 2009b; Tsuda et al. 2011b).Many survey data of various pesticide contamination could be collected in the waterfrom Lake Biwa and the 21 rivers in 2009 (Tsuda et al. 2011b), from Lake Biwa andSeta River in 2000-2009 (Nakamura et al. 2008; Tsuda et al. 2009a; 2009b; 2011b)and from Yanamune River in 1988-2009 (Tsuda et al. 2011a). Five pesticides(fenobucarb, diazinon, iprobenfos, fenitrothion and isoprothiolane) were detected atrelatively high frequency in Lake Biwa from 2000 to 2009 and 10 pesticides(diazinon, fenitrothion, iprobenfos, isoprothiolane, chlornitrofen (CNP),thiobencarb, molinate, bromobutide, simetryne and pretilachlor) were detected athigh frequency and concentrations in Yanamune River from 1988 to 2009.AcademyPublish.org - The Impact of Pesticides264