The Impact of Pesticides - Academy Publish

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Rodrigues, F. M., Mesquita, P. R. R., Oliveira, L. S., Oliveira, F. S., Filho, A. M.,Pereira, P. A. P., Andrade, J. B. (2011) Development of a headspace solid-phasemicroextraction/gas chromatography–mass spectrometry method for determinationof organophosphorus pesticide residues in cow milk. Microchem. J., Vol. 98, pp 56–61.Sack, C., Smoker, M., Chamkasem, N., Thompson, R., Satterfield, G., Masse, C.,Mercer, G., Neuhaus, B., Cassias, I., Chang, E., Lin, Y., MacMahon, S., Wong, J.,Zhang, K. & Smith, R. E. (2011) Collaborative Validation of the QuEChERSProcedure for the Determination of Pesticides in Food by LC-MS/MS, J. Agric.Food Chem., Vol. 59, pp. 6383–6411.Saito, K., Sjödin, A., Sandau, C. D., Davis, M. D., Nakazawa, H., Matsuki, Y.,Patterson, D.G.Jr. (2004) Development of a accelerated solvent extraction and gelpermeation chromatography analytical method for measuring persistentorganohalogen compounds in adipose and organ tissue analysis. Chemosphere, Vol.57, pp.373-381.Shimelis, O., Yang, Y., Stenerson, K., Kaneko, T., Ye, M. (2007) Evaluation of asolid-phase extraction dual-layer carbon/primary secondary amine for clean-up offatty acid matrix components from food extracts in multiresidue pesticide analysis J.Chromatogr. A, Vol. 1165, pp. 18–25.Stoytcheva, M. (2011) Pesticides - Strategies for Pesticides Analysis, Published byInTech Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia. 403 p.Stubbings, G. & Bigwood, T. (2009) The development and validation of amulticlass liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)procedure for the determination of veterinary drug residues in animal tissue using aQuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) approach, Anal.Chim. Acta, Vol. 637, pp. 68-78.Tsiplakou, E., Anagnostopoulos, C. J., Liapis , K., Haroutounian , S. A., Zervas G.(2010) Pesticides residues in milks and feedstuff of farm animals drawn fromGreece, Chemosphere, Vol. 80, pp. 504-512.Von Holst, C., Serano, F., Sporring, S., Björklund, E., Muller A. (2005)Optimisation of pressurized liquid extraction for the determination of seven selectedpolychlorinated biphenyls in feed samples, Chromatographia, Vol. 61, pp. 391-396.Wang, D., Atkinson, S., Hoover-Miller, A., Li, Q.X. (2005) Analysis oforganochlorines in harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) tissue samples from Alaska usinggas chromatography/ion trap mass spectrometry by an isotopic dilution technique,Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., Vol. 19, pp. 1815-1821.Wang, P., Zhang, Q., Wang, Y., Wang, T., Li, X., Ding, L., Jiang G. (2010)Evaluation of Soxhlet extraction, accelerated solvent extraction and microwaveassistedextraction for the determination of polychlorinated biphenyls andpolybrominated diphenyl ethers in soil and fish samples, Anal. Chim. Acta, Vol.663, pp. 43-48.Whelan, M., Kinsella, B., Furey, A., Moloney, M., Cantwell, H., Lehotay, S.J. &Danaher, M. (2010) Determination of anthelmintic drug residues in milk using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry with rapidpolarity switching, J. Chromatogr. A, Vol. 1217, pp. 4612–4622.AcademyPublish.org - The Impact of Pesticides378
Wiest, L., Buleté, A., Giroud, B., Fratta, C., Amic, S., Lambert, O. Pouliquen, H.,Arnaudguilhem, C. (2010) Multi-residue analysis of 80 environmental contaminantsin honeys, honeybees and pollens by one extraction procedure followed by liquidand gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometric detection, J. Chromatogr.A, Vol. 1218, pp. 5743-5756.Wilkowska, A. & Biziuk, M. (2011) Determination of pesticide residues in foodmatrices using the QuEChERS methodology, Food Chem., Vol. 125, pp. 803–812.Wong, J.W., Zhang, K., Tech, K., Hayward, D.G., Makovi, C.M., Krynitsky, A.J.,Schenck, F.J. , Banerjee, K., Dasgupta, S. & Brown, D. (2010) Multiresiduepesticide analysis in fresh produce by capillary gas chromatography-massspectrometry/selective ion monitoring (GC-MS/SIM) and -tandem massspectrometry (GC-MS/MS), J. Agric. Food Chem., Vol. 58, pp. 5868–5883.Wu, G., Bao, X., Zhao, S., Wu, J., Han, A., Ye Q. (2011) Analysis of multipesticideresidues in the foods of animal origin by GC–MS coupled with acceleratedsolvent extraction and gel permeation chromatography cleanup, Food Chem., Vol126, pp. 646-654.Zhang, Z., Ohiozebau, E., Rhind, S.M. (2011) Simultaneous extraction and clean-upof polybrominated diphenyl ethers and polychlorinated biphenyls from sheep livertissue by selective pressurized liquid extraction and analysis by gaschromatography–mass spectrometry, J. Chromatogr. A, Vol. 1218, pp. 1203-1209.Zwir-Ferenc, A., Biziuk, M. (2006). Solid phase extraction technique - Trends,opportunities and applications. Polish J. of Environ. Stud., Vol. 15, pp. 677-690.AcademyPublish.org - The Impact of Pesticides379
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The Impactof PesticidesEdited by:Pr
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Other access free resources from Ac
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The Impact of PesticidesPrepared an
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Table of Contentsp.203-p.224 Behavi
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About authorspublished by Elsevier.
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About authorsof medical researchers
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About authorsdifferent spatial scal
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About authorsEducation:Bachelor’s
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About authorsSensors - A Nanotechno
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Section 1HUMAN EXPOSURE TO PESTICID
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ecently explored on preliminary stu
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individuals within 1 day (Jokanovic
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occupational environmental health r
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must be considered, since effective
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Jensen BH, Petersen A, and Christen
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Ragas AMJ, and Huijbregts MAJ (1998
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Weichenthal S, Moase C, and Chan P
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human poisoning, general acute symp
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Management of the cholinergic syndr
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1982; Lotti, 1992; Jokanović et al
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exposed populations, revealed high
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DiazepamBenzodiazepines are CNS dep
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Among the many classes of oximes in
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inhibited by dichlorvos (a dimethox
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Dawson, 1995). It appears that the
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Eddleston M, Eyer P, Worek F, Moham
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Jokanović M, Kosanović M (2010b).
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Ray DE (1998). Chronic effects of l
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Worek F, Eyer P, Kiderlen D, Thierm
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developing countries is due to suic
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count and morphology, as well as se
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PON1 modulation of genetic damageFe
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elationship between OP exposure and
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Blatter-Garin MC, James RW, Dussoix
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Hung RJ, Hall J, Brennan P, Boffett
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Rojas-García AE., Solís-Heredia M
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Occupational Exposure to Pesticides
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considered as conditions typical of
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observed adverse health outcome. Su
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within cells can oxidize biomolecul
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of the study. A face-to-face questi
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PesticidesFungicideInsecticide-Nema
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Table 4. Mixtures of pesticides use
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In pesticide applicators, Table 7 s
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DISCUSSIONThe agricultural workers
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changes in the antioxidant enzyme C
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Bajpayee, M.; Pandey, A. K.; Parmar
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Environmental health criteria 155.
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Palus, J.; Rydzynski, K.; Dziubalto
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Singh, N.P.; McCoy, M.T.; Tice, R.R
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INTRODUCTIONPopulations may be occu
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exposure scenarios on the basis of
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not present adverse health effects
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greenhouse workers exposed to malat
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Paraoxon is then either metabolized
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cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboximide, CAS
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metabolite of phthalates, such that
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scenarios were simulated, assuming
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Table 2. Biological reference value
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References N a urinarybiomarkeStudi
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Figure 2. Representation of a BRV d
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Figure 4. Conceptual representation
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Figure 6 Conceptual representation
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REFERENCESACGIH, 2011. Documentatio
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Bradway, D.E., Shafik, T.M., 1977.
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EPA, 1999b. Registration Eligibilit
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Hines, C.J., Deddens, J.A., Jaycox,
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McCollister, S.B., Kociba, R.J., Hu
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Verberk, M.M., Brouwer, D.H., Brouw
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important IGFBP for binding IGF-1 i
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secretion of IGF-1 (Tannheimer et a
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FIGURESFig. 1. An “hormetic” ef
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Landi F, Capoluongo E, Russo A, Ond
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Smith WJ, Underwood LE, Clemmons DR
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Section 2PESTICIDES IN THEENVIRONME
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vicinity of subsoil waters and ther
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Hieracium pilosella, southernwood -
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formed clusters (Figure 3). Ultrast
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Fig. 5. Fragment of hepatocyte of t
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Szarek, J, Skibniewska, K, Wojtacka
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negative effects (ZALUCKI et al., 2
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Figure 2. Appropriated sampling pro
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Figure 4. Illustration of the conse
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(HAILE et al., 1998). Earlier resul
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Table 1. Distribution of the applic
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Means followed by the same letter i
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(involving pests and natural enemie
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efore the pest emergence and their
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Table 3 (continuation)…AcademyPub
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Table 5. Effect of different fungic
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Table 6. Magament used including do
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adopted by Brazilian soybean grower
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Pickle, C.S.; Caviness, C.E. Yield
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This chapter reports on Dutch surfa
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several different occasions at any
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The greatest number of pesticides a
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Accumulated ExceedanceIt is useful
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For the years 2003-2009 the calcula
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Bonzini S, Verro R, Otto S, Lazzaro
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atios of the pesticide amounts in t
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Table 1. (Cont.) Runoff ratios of p
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mefenacet and simetrin were observe
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Table 2. (Cont.)Pesticide concentra
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Table 2. (Cont.)Pesticide concentra
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Fig. 3. Typical weekly variation of
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(BAM) in water (Pukkila et al. 2009
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Table 5. Concentrations of pesticid
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Table 6. Maximum concentrations of
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Iwafune, T, Inao, K, Horio, T, Iwas
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Suzuki, M, Takemine, S, Yoshida, M,
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factor, etc. Levels of pesticides i
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factor of 10 above ambient sea wate
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weight sample. Minimum were shown f
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Figure 3. DDTs in mussel samples fo
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Figure 5. HCB in mussel samples for
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Figure 8. Methoxychlor in mussel sa
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTAuthors thank UNEP/M
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Pesticide Risk Index of Del Azul Wa
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on that presented in Swanson et al.
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eference value for that substance.
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predict the aquatic toxicity of a s
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Calculation Model of Aggravating Fa
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To estimate the values of Human Hea
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water in comparison with the durati
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Cypermethrin (95 th percentile (P 9
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Table 8 shows the results of the De
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are many ranking systems of dangero
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REFERENCESAres J. (2004). “Estima
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Mackay D. and Paterson S. (1991).
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Long-term Monitoring of Pesticides
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Sampling sites of the survey in 200
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than those in Lake Biwa and Seta Ri
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Fig. 7 Detection of fungicides in R
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Fig. 11 Detection of herbicides in
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Monitoring of pesticides in Yanamun
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A measured volume (1000 mL) of the
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SimetrynePretilachlorConcentration
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Fig. 18 Maximum concentrations of t
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Ecological risk assessmentFig. 20 Y
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REFERENCESAgradi E, Baga R, Cillo F
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Time Trend Variation of Selected Pe
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Table 1. Physical and chemical prop
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marketed under variety of trade nam
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Figure 3. Long-term trends of globa
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laboratory animals fed or injected
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fed for a lifespan at 5-1,600 mg/kg
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Soil samplingSoil sampling was foll
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Figure 5. Map showing sampling area
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concentration (MAC) in surface soil
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Table 7. Concentrations of HCH isom
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Shanghai and Guanting Reservoir (Ch
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Contrary to the results of ΣDDT, t
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DDT metabolites, the ratio of (p,p
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2001). Therefore, the predominance
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Mean concentration (ng g -1 dw)3002
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CONCLUSIONSAn evaluation of selecte
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Hung, D.Q., Thiemann, W., (2002),
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Viet, P.H., Hoai, P.M., Minh, N.H.,
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found in tissues or fluids samples
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Study area and SamplingThis study w
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the liver, mainly to p,p'-DDE and p
Page 328 and 329: 33,370 ha, whilst that of woody cro
Page 330 and 331: Increase in crops area (x1000)Ha)25
Page 332 and 333: Table 1. Blood concentrations of or
Page 334 and 335: Council Directive 90/533/EEC of 15
Page 336 and 337: Konstantinou, IK, Goutner, V, Alban
Page 338 and 339: Smith, AG (2004). “Toxicology of
Page 340 and 341: Pesticides are used in order to pro
Page 342 and 343: EXPERIMENTALMaterialsIsoproturon wa
Page 344 and 345: RESULTS AND DISCUSIONEquilibrium is
Page 346 and 347: As seen in Table 4, as the concentr
Page 348 and 349: Fig.4. Breakthrough curves of isopr
Page 350 and 351: Fig.6. Breakthrough curves of isopr
Page 352 and 353: Fig.8. Experimental and theoretical
Page 354 and 355: Section 3PESTICIDE ANALYSISAcademyP
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Page 358 and 359: ecoveries (>70%) for certain pH-dep
Page 360 and 361: Due the versatility of the QuEChERS
Page 362 and 363: of application, with some still sca
Page 364 and 365: The main supercritical solvent used
Page 366 and 367: extracting the pesticides from the
Page 368 and 369: would be appropriate for the routin
Page 370 and 371: chromatography with negative-ion el
Page 372 and 373: GPC was applied as a nondestructive
Page 374 and 375: Charlton A.J.A., Stuckey, V. (2009)
Page 376 and 377: Lehotay, S.J., Mastvoska, K. & Yun,
Page 380 and 381: Analytical methods to assess the im
Page 382 and 383: acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter t
Page 384 and 385: 1.3 to 22.3% for all pesticides. Li
Page 386 and 387: Malathion, parathion, fenitrothion,
Page 388 and 389: Fuller, BH and Berger, GMB (1990).
Page 390 and 391: Table 1. Largest exporters of coffe
Page 392 and 393: Fig. 1: Structures of (a) Phosphate
Page 394 and 395: ELECTROCHEMICAL BIOSENSORBiosensors
Page 396 and 397: inorganic and organic species a lar
Page 398 and 399: surface area and be easily modified
Page 400 and 401: Acetylcholine + H 2 O AChE Choline
Page 402 and 403: Wang, 2010) and tetracyanoquinodime
Page 404 and 405: PDDA/AChE/PDDA/CNT/GCAChE-Au-PPy/GC
Page 406 and 407: ng/mL and good precision (RSD ) 5.3
Page 408 and 409: FUTURE PERSPECTIVESThe detection of
Page 410 and 411: Du, D; Wang, M; Cai, J; Qin, Y; Zha
Page 412 and 413: Martorell, D; Cespedes, F; Fabreaga
Page 414 and 415: The Pesticide Action Network (PAN).
Page 416 and 417: About EditorMilan JokanovićProfess
Page 418: THE IMPACT OF PESTICIDESPesticides
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