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Table 1. Blood concentrations of organochlorine insecticides (g/l) for Booted eaglenestlings over five breeding seasons (1999-2003). a199920002001200220031999-2003% notN = 10N = 18N = 14N = 10N = 10N = 62detectedP,p’-DDE4.08;4.69 2.331.30-9.103.31;4.23 2.65nd(1)-10.002.13;4.90 6.68nd(3)-25.008.30;8.49 5.96nd(1)-17.004.05;7.06 5.40nd(2)-16.271.21;5.604.93nd(7)–25.0011.3P,p’-DDD3.36;5.71 7.09nd(3)-24.004.98;5.93 3.46nd(1)-13.002.00;8.12 15.56nd(8)-46.0012.50;17.58 18.43nd(3)-50.0043.00;65.42 77.42nd(4)-207.111.62;7.89 38.28nd(19)–207.1130.6P,p’-DDT3.94;5.75 4.09nd(2)-11.005.26;6.51 4.15nd(1)-15.002.75;9.38 17.39nd(6)-63.006.50;9.58 10.60nd(3)-30.001.67;6.29 11.36Nd(7)-34.601.59;7.50 10.48nd(19)–63.0030.6DDTs13.61;16.15 11.274.15-44.1014.02;16.67 9.38nd(1)-38.008.54;22.40 37.96nd(1)-134.0019.82;35.64 32.13nd(1)-77.0046.10;78.78 89.28nd(1)-257.4022.18;30.99 46.57nd(7)–257.4012.9a Values area presented as geometric mean; arithmetic mean standard deviationRange (min-max)Nd: not detected in parenthesisACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThis work has been supported by the Spanish Government through the Ministry ofScience and Innovation (CGL2004-5959/BOS-MASCA’04, CGL-2008-4318/BOS-MASCA’08- and CSD00C-07-22204-NOVEDAR) and Seneca Foundation(08758/PI/08). Special thanks to I. Pagán for her collaboration in sampling.AcademyPublish.org - The Impact of Pesticides332
REFERENCESAEPLA (Asociación Empresarial para la Protección de Plantas). (2010).http://www.aepla.es/docs/Cifras/Ventas por CCAAs (2009).pdfATSDR (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry) (2002). “Toxicologicalprofile for DDT, DDE and DDE”. U.S. Public Health Service, Atlanta, Georgia. pp. 1-497.Baselt, RC (1982). “Disposition of Toxic Drugs and Chemicals in Man”. pp. 220-222,2nd Edition. Biomedical Publications, Davis, California, USA.Blus, LJ (1996). “DDT, DDD and DDE in birds”, in: Beyer et al. (Eds).,Environmental Contaminats in Wildlife: Interpreting tissue concentrations, SETAC;pp. 49-73.Bouwman, H (2004). “South Africa and the Stockholm convention on persistentorganic pollutants”. S. Afr. J. Sci. Vol 100, pp 323–328.Bustnes, JO, Skaare, JU, Erikstad, KE, Bakken, V, Mehlum, F (2001). “Whole bloodconcentrations of organochlorines as a dose metric for studies of the glaucous gull(Larus hyperboreus)”. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. Vol 20, pp 1046–1052.Bustnes, JO, Erikstad, KE, Bakken, V, Skaare, JU, Mehlum, F (2003). “Ecologicaleffects of organochlorine pollutants in the arctic: a study of the glaucous gull”. Ecol.App. Vol 13, pp 504–515.Bustnes, JO, Miland, O, Fjeld, M, Erikstad, KE, Skaare, JU (2005). “Relationshipsbetween ecological variables and four organochlorine pollutants in an arctic glaucousgull (Larus hyperboreus) population”. Environ. Poll. Vol 136, pp 175–185.CARM (Comunidad Autónoma de la Región de Murcia) (2005). “Estadística AgrariaRegional”. www.carm.es/cagric.Chevallier, D, Jiguet, F, Nore, T, Baillon, F Cavallin, P (2010). “Satellite tracking of aBooted Eagle Aquila pennata during migration”. Ring. Migr. Vol 25, pp 62-64.Commission Decision 2008/764/EC of 30 September 2008 concerning the noninclusion of dicofol in Annex I to Council Directive 91/414/EEC and the withdrawalof authorisations for plant protection products containing that substance. OfficialJournal of the European Union L262, 40-41.AcademyPublish.org - The Impact of Pesticides333
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The Impactof PesticidesEdited by:Pr
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Other access free resources from Ac
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The Impact of PesticidesPrepared an
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Table of Contentsp.203-p.224 Behavi
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About authorspublished by Elsevier.
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About authorsof medical researchers
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About authorsdifferent spatial scal
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About authorsEducation:Bachelor’s
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About authorsSensors - A Nanotechno
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Section 1HUMAN EXPOSURE TO PESTICID
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ecently explored on preliminary stu
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individuals within 1 day (Jokanovic
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occupational environmental health r
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must be considered, since effective
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Jensen BH, Petersen A, and Christen
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Ragas AMJ, and Huijbregts MAJ (1998
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Weichenthal S, Moase C, and Chan P
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human poisoning, general acute symp
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Management of the cholinergic syndr
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1982; Lotti, 1992; Jokanović et al
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exposed populations, revealed high
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DiazepamBenzodiazepines are CNS dep
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Among the many classes of oximes in
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inhibited by dichlorvos (a dimethox
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Dawson, 1995). It appears that the
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Eddleston M, Eyer P, Worek F, Moham
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Jokanović M, Kosanović M (2010b).
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Ray DE (1998). Chronic effects of l
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Worek F, Eyer P, Kiderlen D, Thierm
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developing countries is due to suic
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count and morphology, as well as se
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PON1 modulation of genetic damageFe
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elationship between OP exposure and
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Blatter-Garin MC, James RW, Dussoix
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Hung RJ, Hall J, Brennan P, Boffett
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Rojas-García AE., Solís-Heredia M
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Occupational Exposure to Pesticides
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considered as conditions typical of
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observed adverse health outcome. Su
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within cells can oxidize biomolecul
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of the study. A face-to-face questi
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PesticidesFungicideInsecticide-Nema
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Table 4. Mixtures of pesticides use
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In pesticide applicators, Table 7 s
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DISCUSSIONThe agricultural workers
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changes in the antioxidant enzyme C
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Bajpayee, M.; Pandey, A. K.; Parmar
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Environmental health criteria 155.
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Palus, J.; Rydzynski, K.; Dziubalto
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Singh, N.P.; McCoy, M.T.; Tice, R.R
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INTRODUCTIONPopulations may be occu
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exposure scenarios on the basis of
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not present adverse health effects
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greenhouse workers exposed to malat
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Paraoxon is then either metabolized
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cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboximide, CAS
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metabolite of phthalates, such that
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scenarios were simulated, assuming
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Table 2. Biological reference value
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References N a urinarybiomarkeStudi
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Figure 2. Representation of a BRV d
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Figure 4. Conceptual representation
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Figure 6 Conceptual representation
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REFERENCESACGIH, 2011. Documentatio
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Bradway, D.E., Shafik, T.M., 1977.
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EPA, 1999b. Registration Eligibilit
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Hines, C.J., Deddens, J.A., Jaycox,
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McCollister, S.B., Kociba, R.J., Hu
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Verberk, M.M., Brouwer, D.H., Brouw
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important IGFBP for binding IGF-1 i
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secretion of IGF-1 (Tannheimer et a
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FIGURESFig. 1. An “hormetic” ef
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Landi F, Capoluongo E, Russo A, Ond
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Smith WJ, Underwood LE, Clemmons DR
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Section 2PESTICIDES IN THEENVIRONME
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vicinity of subsoil waters and ther
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Hieracium pilosella, southernwood -
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formed clusters (Figure 3). Ultrast
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Fig. 5. Fragment of hepatocyte of t
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Szarek, J, Skibniewska, K, Wojtacka
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negative effects (ZALUCKI et al., 2
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Figure 2. Appropriated sampling pro
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Figure 4. Illustration of the conse
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(HAILE et al., 1998). Earlier resul
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Table 1. Distribution of the applic
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Means followed by the same letter i
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(involving pests and natural enemie
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efore the pest emergence and their
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Table 3 (continuation)…AcademyPub
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Table 5. Effect of different fungic
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Table 6. Magament used including do
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adopted by Brazilian soybean grower
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Pickle, C.S.; Caviness, C.E. Yield
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This chapter reports on Dutch surfa
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several different occasions at any
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The greatest number of pesticides a
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Accumulated ExceedanceIt is useful
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For the years 2003-2009 the calcula
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Bonzini S, Verro R, Otto S, Lazzaro
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atios of the pesticide amounts in t
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Table 1. (Cont.) Runoff ratios of p
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mefenacet and simetrin were observe
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Table 2. (Cont.)Pesticide concentra
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Table 2. (Cont.)Pesticide concentra
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Fig. 3. Typical weekly variation of
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(BAM) in water (Pukkila et al. 2009
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Table 5. Concentrations of pesticid
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Table 6. Maximum concentrations of
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Iwafune, T, Inao, K, Horio, T, Iwas
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Suzuki, M, Takemine, S, Yoshida, M,
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factor, etc. Levels of pesticides i
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factor of 10 above ambient sea wate
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weight sample. Minimum were shown f
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Figure 3. DDTs in mussel samples fo
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Figure 5. HCB in mussel samples for
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Figure 8. Methoxychlor in mussel sa
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTAuthors thank UNEP/M
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Pesticide Risk Index of Del Azul Wa
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on that presented in Swanson et al.
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eference value for that substance.
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predict the aquatic toxicity of a s
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Calculation Model of Aggravating Fa
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To estimate the values of Human Hea
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water in comparison with the durati
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Cypermethrin (95 th percentile (P 9
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Table 8 shows the results of the De
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are many ranking systems of dangero
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REFERENCESAres J. (2004). “Estima
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Mackay D. and Paterson S. (1991).
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Long-term Monitoring of Pesticides
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Sampling sites of the survey in 200
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than those in Lake Biwa and Seta Ri
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Fig. 7 Detection of fungicides in R
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Fig. 11 Detection of herbicides in
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Monitoring of pesticides in Yanamun
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A measured volume (1000 mL) of the
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SimetrynePretilachlorConcentration
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Fig. 18 Maximum concentrations of t
Page 282 and 283: Ecological risk assessmentFig. 20 Y
Page 284 and 285: REFERENCESAgradi E, Baga R, Cillo F
Page 286 and 287: Time Trend Variation of Selected Pe
Page 288 and 289: Table 1. Physical and chemical prop
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Page 292 and 293: Figure 3. Long-term trends of globa
Page 294 and 295: laboratory animals fed or injected
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Page 298 and 299: Soil samplingSoil sampling was foll
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Page 302 and 303: concentration (MAC) in surface soil
Page 304 and 305: Table 7. Concentrations of HCH isom
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Page 314 and 315: Mean concentration (ng g -1 dw)3002
Page 316 and 317: CONCLUSIONSAn evaluation of selecte
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Page 322 and 323: found in tissues or fluids samples
Page 324 and 325: Study area and SamplingThis study w
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Page 334 and 335: Council Directive 90/533/EEC of 15
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Page 338 and 339: Smith, AG (2004). “Toxicology of
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Page 342 and 343: EXPERIMENTALMaterialsIsoproturon wa
Page 344 and 345: RESULTS AND DISCUSIONEquilibrium is
Page 346 and 347: As seen in Table 4, as the concentr
Page 348 and 349: Fig.4. Breakthrough curves of isopr
Page 350 and 351: Fig.6. Breakthrough curves of isopr
Page 352 and 353: Fig.8. Experimental and theoretical
Page 354 and 355: Section 3PESTICIDE ANALYSISAcademyP
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Page 370 and 371: chromatography with negative-ion el
Page 372 and 373: GPC was applied as a nondestructive
Page 374 and 375: Charlton A.J.A., Stuckey, V. (2009)
Page 376 and 377: Lehotay, S.J., Mastvoska, K. & Yun,
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acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter t
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1.3 to 22.3% for all pesticides. Li
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Malathion, parathion, fenitrothion,
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Fuller, BH and Berger, GMB (1990).
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Table 1. Largest exporters of coffe
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Fig. 1: Structures of (a) Phosphate
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ELECTROCHEMICAL BIOSENSORBiosensors
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inorganic and organic species a lar
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surface area and be easily modified
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Acetylcholine + H 2 O AChE Choline
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Wang, 2010) and tetracyanoquinodime
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PDDA/AChE/PDDA/CNT/GCAChE-Au-PPy/GC
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ng/mL and good precision (RSD ) 5.3
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FUTURE PERSPECTIVESThe detection of
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Du, D; Wang, M; Cai, J; Qin, Y; Zha
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Martorell, D; Cespedes, F; Fabreaga
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The Pesticide Action Network (PAN).
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About EditorMilan JokanovićProfess
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THE IMPACT OF PESTICIDESPesticides
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