The Impact of Pesticides - Academy Publish

concentrated in a Kuderna Danish to 5 ml volume and a second purification on acolumn of florisil with 5% water (particle size 0.063±0.2 mm; Merck, Darmstadt,Germany) was performed. The organ chlorines were eluted with 15 ml of a mixtureof hexane/dichloromethane (5/1), (v/v). The extract was concentrated andtransferred to hexane (Spectroscopy grade; Fluka, Germany), and analyzed by GC-ECD (Barcelo, 1991; Schantz et al., 1993).Procedural blanks were regularly performed and all results presented are correctedfor blank levels. All glassware was rigorously cleaned with detergent followed bypyrolysis at 250°C. The sodium sulfate, florisil and silica gel were pre-extractedwith hexane/dichloromethane (4/1) in a Soxhlet extractor, dried in 250°C for 12hours and were rinsed with hexane/dichloromethane (4/1) just before utilization.Apparatus and chromatographyGas chromatographic analyses were performed with an HP 6890 Series II gaschromatograph equipped with a 63 Ni micro-electron capture detector and asplit/splitless injector. The column used was a HP-5 [low/mid polarity, 5% (phenylmethyl siloxane)] (25 m x 0.33 mm I.D., 0.25µm film). The split/splitless injectorand detector temperatures were set at 280 0 C and 320 0 C, respectively. Carrier gaswas He at 1 ml/min and make-up gas was nitrogen with 25 ml/min. The initial oventemperature was kept at 60 0 C for 4min, which was increased, to 200 0 C at 20 0 C/min,held for 7 min, and then increased to 280 0 C with 4 0 C min. The temperature wasfinally increased to 300 0 C, at 10 0 C/min, held for 7min. Injection volume was 2μl,when splitless injections were made. OCP quantification was performed by internalstandard method. PCB 29 was used as internal standard. The followingorganchlorinated pesticides: Hexachlorobenzene (HCB), Dieldrin, Endrin, alfa-,beta-, delta- and gama-isomer (Lindane) of Hexachlorocyclohexane, Heptachlor,Heptachlor epoxide, DDT-related chemicals (o,p-DDE, p,p-DDE, p,p-DDD, p,p-DDT), Methoxychlor and Mirex were detected.RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONMussel Mytilus Galloprovincialis were used for evaluate the levels oforganochlorinated pesticides in marine waters of Adriatic Sea. This station isconsidered a “hot-spot” area for organic pollutants in Albania. For all investigatedyears were detected the presence of organochlorinated pesticide residues in musselsamples indicates the occurrence of these contaminants in our coast. They are not inuse in our country since 90’. Were expected that levels for this class of organicpollutants to be a regressive linear function. The levels must be in this directionbecause of their degradation process. The old industries such as Lindane chemicalplant in Porto-Romano, Durres represent the major polluting factor for this area.Mismanagement of pesticides and other possible sources of contamination such asagricultural contribution, water-based contribution, atmospheric factor, etc.Total of organochlorinated pesticides for years 2002-2008 was shown in Figure 1.Maximum of OCPs was for mussel samples for year 2007 with 611.3 ng/g freshAcademyPublish.org - The Impact of Pesticides229