The Impact of Pesticides - Academy Publish

In this paper, it was assumed as safe criteria 1.0 and 10E -05 for aggregated NCR andaggregated CR respectively.The value of the potential effects to human health from pesticides can then beestimated as the addition of the NC aggregated risk and the ratio between the C andtheir safe criteria, as shown in Eq. 4:HumanHealt hRisk NCAgrR CR/ CSF(4)WhereHuman Health Risk (dimensionless)NCAgrR = Non carcinogenic aggregated riskNCR = Carcinogenic riskCSF = Carcinogenic slope factorThe RfDs and SFs used for accidental water intake risk calculation were obtainedfrom USEPA IRIS database (2010). The RfDs and SFs for dermal risk calculationwere estimated based on USEPA (2007), following Eq. 5 and 6, because chemicalspecific dermal toxicity factors are not still available.RfDderm RfDin * ABSGi(5)SDerm SFin / BSGi(6)WhereRfDderm and SDderm: Dermal reference dose (mg kg -1 day -1 ) and dermal slopefactor (mg -1 kg day)RfDin and SDin: Intake reference dose (mg kg -1 day -1 ) and intake slope factor (mg -1kg day)ABSGi: Fraction of contaminant absorbed in gastrointestinal tract (dimensionless)in the critical toxicity study.The RfD and SD values for all the substances are presented in Table 1.Calculation Model for the Potential to Generate Effects on the Biota(Biota Health Risk)In the DelAzulPestRisk model, the risk to biota is estimated based on the ratiobetween the pesticide concentration in water and the toxicological thresholdconcentration of safety for the organisms of the selected ecosystems. The ToxicityExposure Ratio (Finizio et al., 2001), is also often referred to as the ratio betweenPredicted Environmental Concentration and Predicted Non Effect Concentration orPEC/PNEC (USEPA, 2004). If PEC/PNEC