The Impact of Pesticides - Academy Publish

Soil samplingSoil sampling was followed Vietnamese standards (TCVN). These standardscompose:● TCVN 4046 – 85: Method of soil sampling in agricultural areas● TCVN 5297 – 1995: Soil quality - Sampling - General requirements● TCVN 5960 – 1995: Soil quality – Sampling: Guidance on the collection,handling and storage of soil for the assessment of aerobic microbial processes in thelaboratory.● TCVN 4047 – 85: Method for the preparation of soil sample for analysis.● TCVN 6857 - 2001: Soil quality − Simplified soil description.The sampling of soil samples from Bacninh province and Hanoi city according tothose standards is shortly described below.Soil sampling in Bacninh40 soil samples were collected at 11 typical traditional villages and towns fromBacninh province in February 2006. The sampling-locations were chosen at random,with an attempt to get them evenly distributed over the region (804 km 2 , about 1million people, Figure 4). Among the forty soil samples, most of which werecollected from agriculture areas and traditional villages, seven were from industrialareas and five were from urban areas. At each sample location, five samples werecollected from a 10 x 10 m 2 plot (located on the crossing diagonals: four in thecorners and one in the crossing point), and then thoroughly mixed to form acomposite sample.The samples were taken with an acid-cleaned stainless steel scoops from the upper 5cm of the soil and then transferred to precleaned polyethylene bags. The collectedsamples were air dried at room temperature (22–25 o C), sieved to