The Impact of Pesticides - Academy Publish

Modern Sample Preparation Methods for PesticideMultiresidue Determination in Foods of Animal Origin byChromatographic-mass Spectrometric TechniquesRenato Zanella, Osmar Damian Prestes, Caroline do Amaral Friggi,Manoel Leonardo Martins and Martha Bohrer AdaimeABSTRACTPesticides are widely utilized during cultivation to protect against pests and inpostharvest treatments to prolong storage. During the last years much attention hasbeen directed to control pesticide in food samples, especially of animal origin.Considering low concentration levels of pesticide residues in food matrices, thedetermination of these residues often requires extensive sample extraction andpurification prior the analysis. In addition, a multiresidue analytical strategy is oftennecessary to facilitate the quantitative determination of individual pesticide residuesdue to the differences among their chemical and physical properties. Nowadays,during the sample preparation step there is a need to reduce time, costs of labor andmaterials, sources of error and risk of interference. This work summarizes theanalytical characteristics of the modern different sample treatment methodsavailable for pesticide residue determination in food matrices of animal origin,covering the evaluation and improvement of sample extraction techniques andclean-up procedures. Sample extraction and purification procedures are critical stepsbut also the instrumental method is, and cannot be treated separately from sampletreatment. Factors that contribute to the matrix effect and some attempts, likeadditional clean-up steps, to overcome this effect were discussed. Modern samplepreparation possibilities are discussed and their most recent applications forpesticide residues in various food matrices of animal origin in combination withchromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis are highlighted.Key words: Food Analysis, Animal Products, Sample Preparation, Pesticides,ChromatographyINTRODUCTIONPesticides are widely used and play a key role in pest management and preventinghuman and domestic animals from infectious diseases. They can be transferred toanimals in a number of ways. Consequently, their residues may be found in animaltissues, milk, honey or eggs following the application and medicated premixes, orthe consumption of feeds previously treated with agricultural chemicals. In recentyears, food safety problems have become a frequently recurring phenomenon. Alsoas a result of media attention, expressions such as ‘mad cow disease’, ‘dioxinchickens’, ‘medroxy progesterone acetate (MPA) crisis’ and ‘chloramphenicolAcademyPublish.org - The Impact of Pesticides355