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post-harvest residues and weight of the root mass in triticum secale is higher thanthis of pea on average with 121.4 and 311.4%.REFERENCES1. Atanassov I., S. Stefanov, G. Dimitrov, P. Gribachev. 1979. Exercise Guide of Soil Science.Zemizdat, Sofia.2. Velchev C., Gorbanov S. 1982. Guide for laboratory exercises in Agricultural Chemistry, ed. Hr.Danov D. ", Plovdiv.3.Kalaydzhieva, St.., Er. Petrakieva. 1963. Influence of fertilization with mineral fertilizers andsowing period on the quantity and quality of yield of winter fodder pea mixtures with barley andwheat. IF Pleven Izv., <strong>Volume</strong> 3,141-161.4. Kanonova M., Belchikova N.P. 1965. Methods of studying of organic substance mastered andcultivated почв. M.Kolos.4. Kostov, К., D.Pavlov 1999. Fodder production. VSI, Plovdiv, p.131-193.5. Kots, S., S.K.Beregovenko, E. V.Kirichenko, N.N.Melnikova. 2007. Features of interaction of plantsand nitrogen-fixing microorganisms. Kiev, Naukova dumka.6. Laktionov, N.I. 1985. Methodical instructions for soil humus conditions characteristic in theiragricultural use. Kharkov.7. Mishustin, E. N. 1972. Microorganisms and efficiency of agriculture. Moscow, Nauka.8. Sabelnikova, V.K. 1974. Tuber bacteria in Moldova soils. Kishinev.9. Shilnikova, V.K. 1968. Anatomy and regularities of tuber bacteria development in symbiosis withthe plant and in conditions of an artificial nutrient environment. Autoref. Abstract of Master’s thesis.Moscow.10. Totev, T., P. Gribachev, Chr. Nechev, N. Artinova. 1987. Exercise Guide for Soil Science.Zemizdat, Sofia.102
RHODIOLA ROSEA L. IN VITRO CULTURES PECULIARITIESK. TASHEVA AND G. KOSTURKOVAInstitute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, BulgariaCorrespondence to: Krasimira TashevaE-mail: krasitasheva@yahoo.comKey words: medicinal plant, Rhodiola, golden root, propagation, in vitro response, phytoregulatorsABSTRACTRhodiola rosea L. (Golden Root, Roseroot) (Crassulaceae) is not widely spread, living at highaltitudes in Europe and Asia. The plant is rich in biologically active substances: rosavin (2.1 %),salidrosid (0.8 %), rhodiolin, antraglikosides, β-sitosterin, monoterpenoids and tanins (16 – 18 %).Rhizome extracts are used in traditional medicine to decrease depression, to enhance workperformance, to prevent cancer diseases, and to treat consequences of physical and psychologicalstress.The aim of the paper was to study the conditions for optimal development in vitro of Golden root.Rhodiola rosea seeds were collected from Rila Mountain. Seeds were subjected todecontamination following several schemes depending on their origin. Seed germination was studiedon four variants of Murashige and Skoog basal medium (MS), supplemented with differentconcentration of gibberellic acid. Seedlings development started on the 7 th day and continued untilthe 40 th day. MS medium enriched with 2 mg/l zeatin, 0.2 mg/l IAA and 0.4 gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) wasused for in vitro development of the seedling explants. The coefficient of propagation varied duringthe different seasons. Highest level of proliferation was observed in May-June, when the shoots perexplant were 6.78 ± 0.10. Rooting was induced on half-strength MS medium using 8 variants ofsupplements with different concentration of IBA, NAA or IAA. Development of in vitro clones differedbeing influenced by medium type. Differences were observed in rooting parameters andmicropropagation rate. Adaptation of obtained plants was done under controlled conditions in aphytotrone room and in a greenhouse. Acclimatization of rooted Golden root plantlets undergreenhouse conditions was successful up to 70 %.INTRODUCTIONMedicinal plants utilization in pharmaceutically practices is increasingaccording to the recent investigations of the World Health Organization (WHO)(Tripathi and Tripathi, 2003; Matthys et al., 2007). At present about 20 000-plantspecies are used in two basic spheres: modern phototherapy and modern allopathicmedicine (Farnsworth and Soejarto, 1991). Bulgaria is one of the world leadingcountries in wild medicinal plants export. Annual export is about 10 000 tones ofherbs, and more than 50 % of them are harvested in the mountains (Vitkova andEvstatieva, 2000). Bulgarian famous medicinal plants are among those with highestworld quality due to specific soil and climatic country conditions (Varabanova,2002).103
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UNIVERSITY OF AGRONOMICAL SCIENCES
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SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEEProf. Dr. Petru
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CONTENTSECTION I: AGRICULTURAL BIOT
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SECTION IV: INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONM
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Proceeding of the 3 rd Internationa
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All the biological material (positi
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At harvesting, symptoms could be in
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Necrotic Disease (PTRND) induced by
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Eppendorfer, W., H., Eggum, B.,O.,
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Now Lamium genus from Lamiaceae fam
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extracts and rutin, hyperoside, chl
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Figure 3. Scavenging activity on DP
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CO-TRANSFORMATION OF POTATO (SOLANU
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transferred OCI and OCII genes were
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correspond to co-transformation fre
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EXPERIMENTS ON LASER RADIATION INFL
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formations. The average percentage
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Legend: Variants: V1 (5 minutes of
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We thank our partners at 4R OPTICS
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Regarding superior plants they are
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Fig. 2. The mechanism of the abscis
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In figure 3 it is presented the bio
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In the same time it has been proved
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egenerative lines of alfalfa, Wan e
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demonstrated direct regeneration fr
Page 51 and 52: (Knoll et al. 1997, Zhang and Zeeva
Page 53 and 54: the mean ± standard error. Six sam
Page 55 and 56: IMPACT OF PHOTOPERIOD ON SPINACH RE
Page 57 and 58: etween SD and LD response of the sa
Page 59 and 60: GA 3 plays an important role in spi
Page 61 and 62: INFLUENCE OF POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL (P
Page 63 and 64: enriched with 20 g / l sucrose, 8g
Page 65 and 66: If we compare the two varieties Roc
Page 67 and 68: For Roclas cultivar, the highest nu
Page 69 and 70: RESEARCH ON THE AVERAGE NUMBER OFPO
Page 71 and 72: two weeks before the harvest, were
Page 73 and 74: from minitubersfrom plantlets8.637.
Page 75 and 76: If biological material influences t
Page 77 and 78: BIOTECHNOLOGY OF ORGANIC CULTIVATIO
Page 79 and 80: RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONAccording to
Page 81 and 82: nitrogen sources, barley bran was t
Page 83 and 84: In figure 5 the effects of inoculum
Page 85 and 86: DORMANCY OF SEEDS AND HIS IMPORTANC
Page 87 and 88: Dor. Large samples of grain were ha
Page 89 and 90: Precip.23.06.200524.06.200525.06.20
Page 91 and 92: certificates technologies. In the o
Page 93 and 94: PROBLEMS RELATED TO RECULTIVATION O
Page 95 and 96: Fig. 2 - Density of tests making in
Page 97 and 98: The analysis made of the conditions
Page 99 and 100: The mixtures are intense dynamic bi
Page 101: Mixed growing of wintering pea and
Page 105 and 106: from Rila Mountain National Park of
Page 107 and 108: In vitro seed germination and devel
Page 109 and 110: Along with rhizogenesis, shoot form
Page 111 and 112: 4. Ganzera, M., Yayla, Y., Khan, I.
Page 113 and 114: 1994), while timentin stimulated mo
Page 115 and 116: 1 and 2.5 mg/l hyg were not necroti
Page 117 and 118: Nevertheless, we suggest stepwise i
Page 119 and 120: SECTION II: BIOTECHNOLOGY IN VETERI
Page 121 and 122: The young pigs were fed in accordan
Page 123 and 124: LЕ39,8344,06100,25LЕ29,7944,793,6
Page 125 and 126: During the digestibility test daily
Page 127 and 128: - The use of fodder per unit of liv
Page 129 and 130: Table 1- The observational data for
Page 131 and 132: Having arranged the treatment means
Page 133 and 134: difference between them is 0,78 and
Page 135 and 136: processes that occur during the win
Page 137 and 138: hundreds of fermenting experiences
Page 139 and 140: In the case of spontaneous malolact
Page 141 and 142: With enzymeNo enzymesAstringencyRou
Page 143 and 144: RESEARCHES ON THE BIOTECHNOLOGY POS
Page 145 and 146: from Merlot grapes, with 224 g / l
Page 147 and 148: lasted 12 days, while the variants
Page 149 and 150: case of the produces fermentation.
Page 151 and 152: itself a protective factor against
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THE INFLUENCE OF THE CHEMICAL COMPO
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Sample witness Thiamine Magnesium s
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Both the vitamines (thiamine) and t
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This reaction takes place inside th
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Sample witness Glycerol 2.5% Glycer
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The intensity of the connection can
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HIGH NUTRITIVE BIOMASS OF EDIBLE AN
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According to the purpose of this wo
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Experiments were carried out in thr
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Table 5. The sugar and total nitrog
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STUDY OF THE CORRELATIONS BETWEEN G
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The analyzed wheat was characterize
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The lack of a significant relations
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(phenotypically influenced) and glu
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DP700 integrator was used. Compound
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Of the esters were identified:•2-
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Table 4 - Concentration of terpenes
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SECTION IV: INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONM
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Table 2. Variation of the compositi
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YoghurtAcerbityFresh butterVerdantF
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1991). This imposes the need of new
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The crop weeds occurrence (mainly w
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formation in the variant fertilized
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gypsum from Sero-Cleaning Installat
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DepthcmTable 1. Water soluble salts
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egulation in mixed filling of ashes
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The aim of this paper is to use the
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONPreliminary e
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M1 T1 A B T2 A BM2 T1 A B T2 A BM3
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As one can see in figure 4, the hig
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STUDIES ON IMMOBILIZATION OF CELLUL
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Total immobilizatedprotein (%)80706
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PHYTOREMEDIATION OF LEAD CONTAMINAT
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are placed through holes in the gro
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To highlight phyto-remediation test
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• The leaves have different abili
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include xylanase, endoxylanase, 1,4
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In Taguchi technique, the variation
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REFERENCES1.Amita, R.S., Shah, R.K.
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molecules, such as proteins, DNA, a
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• Quantitative determination of s
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Antioxidant activityDPPH- Free radi
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quantitative determination of the f
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ANTIOXIDANT BIOPRODUCT WITHIMMUNOMO
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evaluations of the specific physica
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TNF-α (pg/ml)100090080070060050040
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THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF VITICUL
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hydrocarbon components such as benz
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONThe wine indu
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CONCLUSIONIt takes 16 months under
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VANILLIN RELEASE FROM AGAR MICROCAP
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only considering that an amount of
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Fig 4. Surface vanillin (SV) versus
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containing pumpkin extracts (1 ml/l
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Table1 Effect of different types of
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Table 3. Acclimatization of А. mon
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SECTION V: FOOD SAFETYSENSORY ANALY
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Depending on the product analysed,
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Sensory analysis for organic versus
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organic sample), colour (3,85 compa
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Fig. 1.7. Organic (QAF) versus conv
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CONTROL OF MICROBIAL GROWTH AND ENZ
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determined in order to establish th
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3,53log N (N = NTG/g apple slices)2
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a - control; b - apple slices spray
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DETERMINATION OF BIOCHEMICAL MARKER
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Tabel 1. Characteristics of experim
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The maximmal value has been recorde
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Fig 3. Sensors responses for sample
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AN OVERVIEW OF THE METHODS USED TO
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After the sample extraction, the se
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REFERENCES1. Bosset, J. O., Jeangro
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CASE STUDY - METHODS AND FILM PACKA
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Backbone Solution that provides bas
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85 X 55 MM (CREDIT CARD SIZE) OR SM
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the exposing of the entire range of
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REFERENCES1. Agency - March 2002 -
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keep the value of sensory and nutri
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Material exposure to UV radiation w
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Fig. 6. Influence of UV duration on
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Table 3.4. The influence of PEF + U
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SECTION VI: MISCELLANEOUSCOMPUTERIZ
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The computer measures the encasing
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measurements bulletin is typed by t
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5. CONCLUSIONSThe implementation of
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• the knowledge and the informati
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The Agri-Food KMP will be extended,
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REFERENCES1. Abell, A. A. and Oxbro
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quicker translocation of the raw sa
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with X1 [ a,b]such that M ( θ )( )
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as it leads us in the right directi
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