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Plate id] CYNANCHUM 67
Cynanchum Vincetoxicum, Pers.
(Vincetoxicum is derived from vincere, to conquer, and toxicum,
poison, because the root was used in cases of poisoning.)
Hairy or almost hairless. Stems erect, up to 2 ft. high.
Leaves shortly stalked, egg-shaped or heart-shaped, sharppointed,
2 by li in. Cymes stalked. Flowers y in. diameter.
Calyx nearly as long as the corolla. Corolla yellow, segments
hairless or nearly so. Corona deeply 5-lobed, lobes triangular,
oblong or rounded, very variable, without processes inside.
Locality. At elevations above 7,000 ft.
Distribution. Temperate Himalaya, from Kashmir to
Sikkim, 7,000-11,000 ft., westwards to Norway and Spain.
Cynanchum glaucum, Wall.
(Glaucum means sea-green, or bluish-green, alluding to the
colour of the leaves.)
Hairy. Stems erect, up to 2 ft. high. Leaves egg-lanceshaped,
pale green, 1-3 by lj-2i in., very variable in length
and breadth, leathery, stalk J-i in. long. Cymes short-stalked
or almost stalkless, few- or rnany-flowered ; flower-stalks
short. Calyx about half as long as the corolla. Corolla about
in. diameter, variable in size, yellow, hairy on the inner
surface. Corona deeply 5-lobed, lobes broader than long,
fleshy. Follicles 2-4 in., slender. Seeds J-^ in. long, broadly
egg-shaped, concave-convex.
Flowers. May to July.
Locality. At elevations from 5,000-9,000 ft.
Distribution. From Kashmir to Nepal, Afghanistan and
westward to the Greek Archipelago.
Cynanchum Arnottianum, Wight.
(After George Arnott Walker Arnott, 1799-1868, a distinguished
botanist.)
Hairy. Stems erect. Leaves egg-shaped, oblong or lanceshaped,
sometimes in whorls. Flowers forming stalkless cymes.
Corolla dark purple, lobes hairy within. Corona 5-lobed,
lobes ofclong or rounded, fleshy, no internal processes.
Flowers. June.
Locality. Dara village, 6,000 ft. ; along road to Kangan.
Distribution. W. Himalaya, 6,000-8,000 ft. ; Baluchistan.