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Rezümékötet 2008. - vmtdk

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T Á R S A D A L O M T U D O M Á N Y O K<br />

THE RESEARCH ON MATHEMATICAL PROBLEM<br />

SOLVING ABILITIES OF SLOVAKIAN ELEMENTARY AND<br />

MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS<br />

Author: Dr. István GUBO assistant, PhD student<br />

Supervisor: Dr. Veronika STOFFA university professor<br />

Institution: J. Selye University, Faculty of Pedagogy, Department of Computer Sciences, Komárno, Slovak Republic<br />

The main purpose of this paper is to introduce the results of an empirical research which was conducted at elementary<br />

(grade 5 and 8) and middle (grade 11) schools in the Slovak Republic. The foremost aim of this research was<br />

to examine students’ mathematical problem solving abilities. The research was carried out in 40 classrooms and altogether<br />

745 pupils were tested. The paper is divided into two chapters. The first chapter shortly introduces the theoretical<br />

background and main aims of the research. According to MAYER ad HEGARTY, students with greater mathematical<br />

knowledge firstly try to understand the general situation described in the problem and then construct a plan for<br />

solving the problem (Problem Model Strategy). Contrarily, students with mathematical knowledge in most cases select<br />

some of the numbers and key expressions in the text of the problem and perform arithmetic operation that are most<br />

strongly primed by them (Direct Translation Strategy).<br />

The second chapter contains the statistical evaluation of the research. According to the results those pupils who<br />

have greater mathematical knowledge are more successful at solving mathematical problems than their less erudite<br />

classmates. Another essential conclusion of the research is that the Direct Translation Strategy is frequently used in all<br />

of the three tested grades. One of the main causes of this is that in the Slovak school education as opposed to tasks<br />

that require convergent thinking very little space is devoted to non-routine problems encouraging flexible thinking.<br />

Keywords: problem, problem solving, problem representation<br />

N Y O S D I Á K K Ö R I K O N F E R E N C I A<br />

109

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