Rezümékötet 2008. - vmtdk

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112 T Á R S A D A L O M T U D O M Á N Y O K idea of controlling migration is completely incompatible, because it is contradictory to the free flow of services, goods and capital. In minority groups migration can be caused by a wide range of factors, such as the feeling of alienation, language problems, assimilation difficulties, possible lack of civil rights. Hoping for a better future certain efforts, that inhibit this tendency, seem to be legitimate, because native inhabitants are strongly tied to their homeland. Former research showed that region bond of the Hungarians in Vojvodina is quite strong, yet it can also be stated that their number is decreasing. Beside the small natality and assimilation, another important result of their decline is the continuous emigration. The most serious problem is the tendency of highly qualified Hungarian youth to emigrate, whereas they should be the engine of their community. In my opinion, it is very important to analyze all the circumstances which inspire youth to leave their homeland. In order to find proper answers, some fieldwork has been done. I participated in this international project as an interviewer and collected data in Vojvodina. Its title was Career Path or Career Stagnation? Newly Graduates’ Career, Migration and Claims for Educating Adults in the Pannonian Basin (2006). This work also contains the analysis of some empirical research: Mozaik-2001 research on youth conducted by The Scientific Association for Hungarology Research and related researches of Zsuzsanna Mirnics. Keywords: identity, emigration, opportunities VEZANOST ZA REGIJU I EMIGRACIONE SKLONOSTI VOJVOÐANSKE OMLADINE Autor: Dora HALAPI apsolvent Mentor: Dr Iren GABRIÆ MOLNAR profesor univerziteta Institucija: Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Filozofski fakultet, Odsek za sociologiju, Novi Sad Cilj ovog rada je da analiza emigracione sklonosti maðarske omladine iz Vojvodine. Polazna hipoteza se temelji na stavu amerièkog sociologa Saskija Sasena, po kojem u eri globalnog tržišta, èak i pomisao na migracionu kontrolu je besmislena, pošto je nekompatibilna sa slobodnim kretanjem usluga, dobara i kapitala. Sklonost ka emigraciji kod manjina su još više izražene, naime kod njih pored ekonomskih razloga postoje i druge potrebe koji pospešuju volju za selidbom: oseæaj neintegrisanosti u dato društvo, jezièke barijere, moguæe kršenje ljudskih prava. U ime bolje buduænosti legitimni su i pokušaji koji bi te tendencije ogranièile, naime razumljivo je da su manjine starosedeoci istovremeno i veoma privrženi svom rodnom mestu. Ranija istraživanja su pokazala da je regionalni identitet vojvoðanskih Maðara dosta izražen, ipak smanjenje njihove brojnosti u regiji je sve upadljivije iz godine u godinu. Važan segment ovog smanjenja je pored malog nataliteta i V I I . V A J D A S Á G I M A G Y A R T U D O M Á
T Á R S A D A L O M T U D O M Á N Y O K asimilacija, kao i emigracija. Najveæi problem je odlazak diplomiranih, pošto bi oni trebali biti pokretaèka snaga cele zajednice. Važno je ukazati na okolnosti koji podstièu odlazak visoko obrazovanih mladih iz domovine. Obrada ovog problema zahtevala je istraživaèki rad na terenu. Uèestvovala sam kao anketar u meðunarodnom projektu: „Karijera ili parkiranje? Karijera, migracijski i obrazovni zahtevi sveže diplomiranih u Karpatskoj niziji” (2006), na sakupljanju podataka iz Vojvodine. U svom radu se bavim dodatnom analizom empirijskih istraživanja projekta „Mozaik–2001” – istraživanje mladih u regionu, realizovan od strane Nauènog društva za hungarološka istraživanja i studije Žužane Mirniè u vezi sa ovom temom. Kljuène reèi: identitet, emigracije, šanse mladih N Y O S D I Á K K Ö R I K O N F E R E N C I A 113
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