Rezümékötet 2008. - vmtdk

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24 P L E N Á R I S T U D O M Á N Y O S Ü L É S S Z A K THE EFFECT OF NICKEL ON TRANSLOCATION OF MICRO- AND MACROELEMENTS DURING GERMINATION OF MAIZE SEEDS Author: Ottó DOROGHÁZI 4 th year undergraduate student Supervisor: Dr. Rudolf KASTORI academician Institution: University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agricultural, Department of Field and Vegetable Crops, Section for Soil and Plant Nutrition, Novi Sad Hungarian College for Higher Education in Vojvodina Nickel was recognized as essential element for higher plants since quite recently. Higher concentrations of nickel, as well as of the other heavy metals, have negative effect on plant metabolism and hence on their growth and development. That is the principle reason for which toxic effects of nickel attract more attention than its role in plant physiological processes. The aim of this study was to reveal the role of different nickel concentrations on germination and initial growth of young maize plants as well as on translocation of some micro- and macroelements from the seed to the shoot of young seedling. The experiment was done on maize hybrid NS 7016, under controlled conditions, with four different nickel concentrations: 10 -5 , 10 -4 , 10 -3 and 10 -2 mol Ni dm -3 . Germination and germination energy were determined by standard method (Official bulletin SFRJ 47/87) and concentrations of analyzed elements by ICP. The highest applied nickel concentration significantly reduced germination, germination energy, growth and mass of both roots and shoots of seedlings. It concomitantly increased the number of atypical seedlings and ungerminated seeds. In seeds treated by nickel its concentration increased, which affected translocation of tested elements during germination from the seed to the shoot, in different ways depending on element. The results point out high toxicity of higher nickel concentrations on plant metabolic processes. Further investigations will be focused on studies of the effects of nickel on the activity of enzymes during germination. Keywords: nickel contamination, maize, germination, mobilization of elements V I I . V A J D A S Á G I M A G Y A R T U D O M Á
P L E N Á R I S T U D O M Á N Y O S Ü L É S S Z A K UTICAJ NIKLA NA TRANSLOKACIJU MIKRO- I MAKROELEMENATA U TOKU KLIJANJA SEMENA KUKURUZA Autor: Oto DOROGHAZI IV godina studija Mentor: Dr. Rudolf KASTORI akademik Institucija: Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Poljoprivredni fakultet, Departman za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Katedra za zemljište i ishranu biljaka, Novi Sad Kolegijum za visoko obrazovanje vojvoðanskih Maðara U novije vreme nikal se ubraja u neophodne elemente za više biljke. Veæa koncentracije nikla, kao i drugih teških metala, veoma nepovoljno utièe na metabolizam biljaka i time na njihov rast i razviæe. To je osnovni razlog zbog kog se toksiènom dejstvu nikla posveæuje veæa pažnja nego njegovoj ulozi u životnim procesima biljaka. Cilj ovih istraživanja je bio da se utvrdi uticaj razlièitih koncentracija nikla na klijanje semena i poèetni porast mladih biljaka kukuruza, kao i na translokaciju nekih mikro- i makroelemanata iz semena u stabaoce ponika u toku klijanja. Ogled je izveden sa semenom hibrida kukuruza NS 7016, u kontrolisanim uslovima, sa èetri koncentracije nikla: 10 -5 , 10 -4 , 10 -3 i 10 -2 mol Ni dm -3 . Klijanje i energija klijanja utvrðeni su standardnom metodom (Sl. list SFRJ 47/87), a sadržaj ispitivanih elemenata pomoæu ICP. Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata može se zakljuèiti da je najveæa primenjena koncentracija nikla znaèajno smanjila klijavost, energiju klijanja, rast i masu korena i stabaoca ponika, i istovremeno poveæala broj atipiènih ponika i neproklijalih semena. U tretiranim semenima znaèajno se poveæao sadržaj nikla što se razlièito odrazilo na translokaciju ispitivanih elemenata u toku klijanja iz semena u stabaoce. Dobijeni rezultati potvrðuju visoku toksiènost veæih koncentracija nikla na životne procese biljaka. Dalja istraživanja usmeriæe se u pravcu prouèavanju uticaja nikla na aktivnost enzima u toku klijanja semena. Kljuène reèi: kontaminacija sa niklom, seme kukuruza, klijanje, mobilizacija elemenata N Y O S D I Á K K Ö R I K O N F E R E N C I A 25
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