Army Emergency Management Program - Federation of American ...

catastrophic Type I Incident embodied by such examples as Hurricane Katrina in 2005, the Indonesian Tsunami of
2004, the Bam (Iran) Earthquake of 2003, and the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 instead of the vast majority
of incidents, which are well within the capabilities and capacity of local jurisdictions with the occasional resource
support from State, regional, and national agencies.
(2) Relationship to National Policy. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) target capability list (TCL)
assumes that all required State and local capabilities already exist prior to establishing the need for additional
capabilities and capacity focused on Type 1 and Type 2 incidents. It is these underlying local capabilities which this
publication mandates. Looking solely to the TCL and similar aspects of national policy, including NRF and PPD 8, as
a guide for local capability development is fundamentally flawed and results in weak or missing foundational
capabilities and capacity at the local level.
Figure 2–1. Incident types
b. Hazard onset. Chapter 5 provides specific guidance on identification and the risk management process in the allhazards
environment. The concept of employment for the EM program considers all hazards in relation to their speed
of onset, scale, and potential impact when developing capabilities. The speed of onset provides the greatest differentiation
in the time-phased employment of capability within the EM program.
(1) Sudden onset. Sudden onset hazards occur with little to no actionable warning or prior information (for example,
earthquakes or acts of terrorism). Increasing the warning period pre-incident has dramatic results in terms of sustaining
mission capabilities, saving lives, and protecting infrastructure. Integration with existing warning systems and processes
available in the local civil jurisdictions yields a great return on investment.
(2) Gradual onset. Gradual onset hazards may provide actionable warning (for example, tropical cyclones) or
multiple low threshold warning incidents that may be missed without a process to monitor, evaluate, and report on the
applicable issues (for example, syndromic surveillance for disease outbreaks, coastal beach erosion, or environmental
pollution).
(3) Delayed onset. Delayed onset hazards have delayed impacts from the time of the actual initiating event, such as
onset of symptoms resulting from exposure to biological hazards. Delayed onset hazards may be accompanied by
actionable warning (for example, pandemic influenza) or multiple low threshold warning incidents that may be missed
without a process to monitor, evaluate, and report on the applicable issues (for example, syndromic surveillance).
2–4. Installation type designations
a. Process. This function is performed by the installation-owning commands (IMCOM, AMC, USARC, ARNG) in
coordination with DAMO–ODP and with information provided by the installation commanders. Installation typing is
based upon the EM capabilities that the installation is capable of attaining and maintaining through a combination of
organic and/or external resources. Per DODI 6055.17, AR 525–27, improvement plan (IP) study report, and based upon
previous efforts in DODI 3020.52, this instruction shall continue the DOD use of a Type C I, II, and I system aligned
with the capability standards identified in applicable references, to include 29 CFR 1910.120Q and National Fire
DA PAM 525–27 20 September 2012
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