Army Emergency Management Program - Federation of American ...

especially when the Army installation does not have past historical data on evacuation and mass care operations. See
the FEMA Community Mass Care Management Course (G–108) for more information.
(1) Mass warning and notification. Transportation systems and utility providers are often excluded from mass
warning and notification systems. In order to counter this trend, the Army EM Program includes these providers in the
Category 1 continuity service providers and Category 5 responder service providers process. Mass warning and
notification systems must extend throughout all phases of EM and therefore must address initial warning as well as the
continued provision of information throughout the response and recovery phases, to include the evacuation of residents
to a remote safe haven and their eventual return to the installation.
(2) Evacuation management. Transportation infrastructure needs to be considered in all aspects of evacuation
management. This process includes identification of bridges, ferries, tunnels, buses, animal trailers, and aviation
transportation systems as key resources in the execution of evacuation orders. For example, high winds in advance of
tropical cyclone landfall may exclude buses and towed trailers 36 or more hours in advance of landfall, which will
require a change in evacuation clearance times and may alter the original evacuation decision timeline. This is also true
regarding flooding, earthquakes, tsunamis, tornados, and volcanoes in addition to a host of other natural, technological,
and terrorism hazards.
(3) Safe haven and shelter requirements. Safe haven and shelter locations require specific infrastructure thresholds.
Though the Army does not operate shelters as the Service cannot meet the design criteria or the food and water
stockpiling requirements of applicable American Red Cross (ARC), to include ARC 4496, the same infrastructure
considerations apply to temporary safe havens established on post. These considerations include ensuring that safe
havens are not located in a Category 4 tropical cyclone storm surge area, are not located in a 100- or 500-year
floodplain, do not have the first floor (ground floor) lower than the flood insurance rate maps base elevation, does not
store hazardous materials, is compliant with existing building and fire codes, is not at risk of inundation, is not
constructed of reinforced masonry, is complaint with earthquake zone construction standards (when required), and does
not have long, open roof spans, excessive overhangs, or large glass areas.
(4) Responder requirements. Infrastructure influences all elements of response operations, especially access to
mutual aid and the conduct of fire suppression operations. For example, the fire mains and associated hydrants,
standpipes, and building fire sprinkler systems are key resources in fire suppression operations and those fireground
operations requiring large volumes or steady access to water, to include casualty decontamination operations. Lack of
hydrant access near special event locations or congregation areas requires preplanned support agreements for water
tankers with the appropriate connections for the fire apparatus, such as fire engines (pumpers), in use at the installation
and in the local civil jurisdictions.
(5) Medical response. A key set of resources is concentrated in the MTF on an installation as identified in
MEDCOM OPLAN 01–10. The ability to maintain public utilities, such as power, water, and wastewater/sewer access,
is vital to the MTF’s long-term viability as first receivers (water for casualty decontamination) and as a healthcare
provider (power for medical equipment and diagnostics, lights for operating rooms). The capability to relocate part of
the MTF’s organic capabilities to another location is time-intensive and requires extraordinary pre-planning and
execution.
(6) Recovery impacts. The older the infrastructure is on the installation, the more likely these structures will suffer
major to catastrophic failure based upon structural fatigue and application of older, less stringent building codes in
effect at construction. This impacts not only the time to recover those structures, but the cost of replacement value for
the damage assessment process and the ability for structural evaluation teams to clear the building for re-habitation
post-incident. Aging infrastructure is also a serious concern in terms of water, wastewater, landline phone, IT, and
power distribution as the requirement to rebuild such damaged infrastructure may cause secondary delays to all other
aspects of the recovery. For example, digging up streets to replace water mains may delay debris clearance and
rebuilding efforts.
4–3. Personnel categorization
a. Overview. Categorization of all assigned personnel is a key element of effective resource management. Personnel
categorization enables the installation commander and emergency manager to prioritize resource allocation across the
jurisdiction and facilitates a risk-rationalized approach to investing in the protection of personnel. Personnel categorization
(1) identifies MEFs requiring additional support or protection during emergencies, (2) identifies elements of the
protected populace which may require special attention in the planning process and during emergencies, and (3)
identifies response and recovery resources organic to the installation. A critical result of personnel categorization is
identification of the populace for which the EM program is responsible for protecting during emergencies resulting
from all identified hazards. This protected populace is the single most important factor in determining the required EM
capabilities, especially in the areas of mass care, casualty management, and fatality management. Installation commanders
shall identify (1) individuals within Category 1, (2) personnel and/or populations within Categories 2 through
4, and (3) individuals, agencies, and departments within Category 5.
b. Goals. In priority order, the EM program shall focus its efforts on (1) the ability of Category 1 personnel to
continue MEFs, (2) protection from and mitigation of hazards impacting Category 2–4 personnel, and (3) the
preparedness, mitigation, prevention, response, and recovery capabilities of Category 5 personnel. These priorities are
DA PAM 525–27 20 September 2012
31