Smith's Bible Dictionary.pdf - Online Christian Library

Smith's Bible Dictionary
at the top, sometimes built up with stonework above and furnished with a curb and a wheel for a
bucket. (Ecclesiastes 12:6) Empty cisterns were sometimes used as prisons and places of
confinement. Joseph was cast into a “pit,” (Genesis 37:22) as was Jeremiah. (Jeremiah 38:6)
Cities
The earliest notice in Scripture of city-building is of Enoch by Cain, in the land of his exile.
(Genesis 4:17) After the confusion of tongues the descendants of Nimrod founded Babel, Erech,
Accad and Calneh, in the land of Shinar, and Asshur, a branch from the same stock, built Nineveh,
Rehoboth-by-the-river, Calah and Resen, the last being “a great city.” The earliest description of
a city, properly so called, is that of Sodom, (Genesis 19:1-22) Even before the time of Abraham
there were cities in Egypt, (Genesis 12:14,15; Numbers 13:22) and the Israelites, during their
sojourn there, were employed in building or fortifying the “treasure cities” of Pithom and Raamses.
(Exodus 1:11) Fenced cities, fortified with high walls, (3:5) were occupied and perhaps partly
rebuilt after the conquest, by the settled inhabitants of Syria on both sides of the Jordan.
Cities Of Refuge
six Levitical cities specially chosen for refuge to the involuntary homicide until released from
banishment by the death of the high priest. (Numbers 35:6,13,15; Joshua 20:2,7,9) There were three
on each side of Jordan.
•Kedesh, in Naphtali. (1 Chronicles 6:76)
•Shechem, in Mount Ephraim. (Joshua 21:21; 1 Chronicles 6:67; 2 Chronicles 10:1)
•Hebron, in Judah. (Joshua 21:13; 2 Samuel 5:5; 1 Chronicles 6:55; 29:27; 2 Chronicles 11:10)
•On the east side of Jordan - Bezer In The Wilderness, in the tribe of Reuben, in the plains of Moab.
(4:43; Joshua 20:8; 21:36) 1Macc. 5:26.
•RAMOTH-GILEAD, in the tribe of Gad. (4:43; Joshua 21:38; 1 Kings 22:3)
•Golan, in Bashan, in the half-tribe of Manasseh. (4:43; Joshua 21:27; 1 Chronicles 6:71)
Citims
1 Macc. 8:5. [Chittim, Kittim]
Citizenship
The use of this term in Scripture has exclusive reference to the usages of the Roman empire.
The privilege of Roman citizenship was originally acquired in various ways, as by purchase, (Acts
22:28) by military services, by favor or by manumission. The right once obtained descended to a
man’s children. (Acts 22:28) Among the privileges attached to citizenship we may note that a man
could not be bound or imprisoned without a formal trial, (Acts 22:29) still less be scourged. (Acts
16:37) Cic. in Verr. v. 63,66. Another privilege attaching to citizenship was the appeal from a
provincial tribunal to the emperor at Rome. (Acts 25:11)
Citron
[Apple Tree, Apple TREE]
Clauda
(lame), (Acts 27:16) a small island nearly due west of Cape Matala on the south coast of Crete,
and nearly due south of Phoenice; now Gozzo .
Claudia
(lame), a Christian woman mentioned in (2 Timothy 4:21) as saluting Timotheus.
Claudius
(lame), fourth Roman emperor, reigned from 41 to 54 A.D. He was nominated to the supreme
power mainly through the influence of Herod Agrippa the First. In the reign of Claudius there were
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William Smith