Smith's Bible Dictionary.pdf - Online Christian Library

Smith's Bible Dictionary
the palace of King Herod, others the tower of Antonia; but it was probably the latter, which was
then and long afterward the citadel of Jerusalem.
•In (Acts 23:35) Herod’s judgment hall or praetorium in Caesarea was doubtless a part of that
magnificent range of buildings the erection of which by King Herod is described in Josephus. The
word “palace,” or “Caesar’s court.” in the Authorized Version of (Philemon 1:13) is a translation
of the same word praetorium. It may here have denoted the quarter of that detachment of the
praetorian guards which was in immediate attendance upon the emperor, and had barracks in
Mount Palatine at Rome.
Judith
(Jewess, or praised).
•The daughter of Beeri the Hittite, and wife of Esau. (Genesis 26:34) (B.C. 1797.)
•The heroine of the apocryphal book which bears her name, who appears as an ideal type of piety,
Judith 8:6, beauty, ch. 11:21, courage and chastity. ch. 16:22 ff.
Judith, The Book Of
one of the books of the Apocrypha, belongs to the earliest specimens of historical fiction. As
to its authorship it belongs to the Maccabean period, B.C. 175-135, which it reflects not only in its
general spirit, but even in its smaller traits.
Julia
(feminine of Julius), a Christian woman at Rome, probably the wife of Philologus, in connection
with whom she is saluted by St. Paul. (Romans 16:15) (A.D. 55.)
Julius
(soft-haired), the centurion of “Augustus’ band,” to whose charge St. Paul was delivered when
he was sent prisoner from Caesarea to Rome. (Acts 27:1,3) (A.D. 60.)
Junia
(belonging to Juno), a Christian at Rome, mentioned by St. Paul as one of his kinsfolk and
fellow prisoners, of note among the apostles, and in Christ before St. Paul. (Romans 16:7) (A.D.
55).
Junias
Revised Version for Junia above. It is the more literal form.
Juniper
(1 Kings 19:4,5; Job 30:4; Psalms 120:4) a sort of broom, Genista monosperma, G. raetam of
Forskal, answering to the Arabic rethem . It is very abundant in the desert of Sinai, and affords
shade and protection, in both heat and storm, to travellers. The rethem is a leguminous plant, and
bears a white flower. It is found also in Spain. It is an erect shrub, with no main trunk, but many
wand-like, slender branches, and is sometimes twelve feet high. Its use is very great in stopping
the sand.—ED.)
Jupiter
(a father that helps), the Greek Zeus. The Olympian Zeus was the national god of the Hellenic
race, as well as the supreme ruler of the heathen world, and as such formed the true opposite to
Jehovah. Jupiter or Zeus is mentioned in two passages of the New Testament, on the occasion of
St. Paul’s visit to Lystra, (Acts 14:12,13) where the expression “Jupiter, which was before their
city,” means that his temple was outside the city. Also in (Acts 19:35)
Jushabhesed
(whose love is returned), son of Zerubbabel. (1 Chronicles 3:20)
367
William Smith