sfn{ dfS;{ / k|m]8l/s Pª\u]N; tyf Enf=O=n]lgg

sf/0f ePsf] lyof] eg]/ cfTdfsf] ljifodf d[To'kl5 klg hLljt /lx/x]sf] 7fGg] ;d:ofsf] k[i7e"lddf g}
ePsf] lyof] . Tof] cfTdfnfO{ s] ug] { <
k|yd, To;/L k|fs[lts zlQmx¿df dfgjLo u'0f cf/f]lkt ug] { dfWodaf6 b]jtfx¿sf] ;d]t ;[li6
ePsf] lyof] . wd{sf] kl5sf] ljsf;qmddf tL b]jtfx¿n] a9LeGbf a9L cnf}lss ¿k u|x0f ub} { uP .
cGtdf cd"tL{s/0fsf] lqmofåf/f, d eGb5', lg/k]IfLs/0fsf] lqmofåf/f y'k| } ;fgf–ltgf ;Lldt /
Pscsf] {nfO{ ;Lldt agfpg] b]jtfx¿af6 dflg;x¿sf] dl:tisdf Ps]Zj/jfbL wd{sf] Pp6f PsflGts
b]jtfsf] ljrf/ pTkGg x'g k'Uof] . :jefjtM cd"tL{s/0fsf] ;f] lqmof dflg;sf] af}l4s ljsf;sf] qmddf
g} ePsf] lyof] .
To;/L ;Qfl;tsf] lrGtgsf] ;DaGwsf] k|Zg, k|s[ltl;tsf] cfTdfsf] ;DaGwsf] k|Zgsf
h/fx¿;d]t — ;Dk"0f{ wd{sf h/fx¿;/x g} — hËnL dflg;x¿sf ;Í'lrt / c1fgtfk"0f{
wf/0ffx¿df g} kfOG5g\ . ;Qfl;tsf] lrGtgsf] k|Zg, k|s[ltl;tsf] cfTdfsf] ;DaGwsf] of] k|Zg —
l;ª\uf] bz{gsf] ;a}eGbf k|d'v k|Zg xf] . t/ Tof] k|ZgnfO{ To;sf ;a} kIfx¿l;t;lxt ;a}eGbfklxn]
s]jn Tolta]nf dfq ;f]Wg ;lsG5, p;n] cf gf] ;du| dxŒjnfO{ s]jn Tolta]nf dfq xfl;n ug{
;s]sf] lyof], hlta]nf O;fO{ wd{sf] dWoo'uLg nfdf] lgb|faf6 o"/f]ksf] dfgjtf hfu[t ePsf] lyof] .
;Qfl;tsf] lrGtgsf] ;DaGwsf] k|Zgn] — cfTdf jf k|s[lt s'g k|d'v xf] eGg] k|Zgn] — dWo o'usf]
ljBf8Da/jfbsf] a]nfdf ;d]t Pp6f 7"nf] e"ldsf cbf u/]sf] lyof] . O;fO{ wfld{s ;‹af/] O{Zj/n] g}
;G;f/sf] ;[li6 u/]sf] lyof] jf ;gftg sfnb]lv g} o:t} rNb}cfPsf] 5 eGg] k|Zgn] tLj| ¿k lnPsf]
lyof] .
bfz{lgsx¿n] pQm k|Zgsf] h:tf] pQ/ lbPsf lyP, To;sf cfwf/df pgLx¿ b'O{j6f 7"n–7"nf
bndf af“l8Psf lyP . cfTdf g} d"n xf] / k|s[lt uf}0f xf] eg]/ h;n] dfGby], tL cfbz{jfbsf] bndf
;fd]n x'g k'u]sf lyP . cGtdf ltgLx¿n] s'g}gs'g} ¿kdf ;G;f/sf] ;[li6 s;}n] u/sf] 7fGby] . clg,
bfz{lgs kmf“6df x]u]nLo k|0ffnLsf] kmf“6df em} + ;G;f/sf] ;[li6sf] Tof] wf/0ff / To;;DaGwL O;fO{
wdf{jnDaLx¿sf] wf/0ffeGbf klg emg\w]/} hl6n / b':;fWo aGg k'Ub5 . csf{y/L bfz{lgsx¿sf] egfO
k|s[lt g} d"n tTj xf] eGg] wf/0ff /x]sf] lyof] . pgLx¿ ef}ltsjfbsf a]Unfa]Un} ;Dk|bfodf ljeQm eP
.
cfbz{jfb / ef}ltsjfb oL b'j} zAbx¿sf] Tof]eGbf csf] { s'g} cy{ lyPg . oxf“ klg ltgsf] c¿
s'g} cy{df k|of]u ul/Psf] 5}g . tLleq s'g} csf] { cy{ vf]Hbfv]l/ h'g e|d pTkGg x'G5, Tof] s'/f
xfdLx¿n] tn kfpg]5f} + .
tfklg lrGtg / ;Qfsf] ;DaGwsf] k|Zgsf] Pp6f csf] { kIf klg 5 . rf}tkmL{¿kdf /x]sf] of]
;G;f/af/] xfd|f] h'g ljrf/ 5, :jo+ To;sf] of] ;G;f/l;t s] ;DaGw 5 t < s] xfd|f] lrGtgn]
jf:tljs ;G;f/sf] 1fg k|fKt ug{ ;Sb5 < cf gf ljrf/ / wf/0ffx¿leq s] xfdLx¿n] jf:tljs
;G;f/l;t ;DalGwt oyfy{tfsf] ;xL k|ltljDa pTkGg ug{ ;Sb5f} + < bfz{lgs efiffdf of] k|ZgnfO{
lrGtg / ;Qfsf] cgGotf -Identity_ sf] k|Zg elgG5 . bfz{lgsx¿sf] Hofb} 7"nf] ax'dtn] pQm
k|Zgsf] pQ/ ;sf/fTds¿kdf lbG5 . pbfx/0fsf nflu x]u]nLo bz{gdf t To;sf] cg'df]bg :jtM
:ki6 5 lsgeg] To;df atfOPsf] 5, jf:tljs ;G;f/df xfdLx¿n] 1fg xfl;n ug] { rLhsf] ljrf/
tTj g} xf] M h'g ljrf/ tTjn] k/+ ljrf/nfO{ ;f+;fl/s¿kdf lj:tf/}–lj:tf/} ;fsf/ agfp“b} hfG5 .
pQm k/+ ljrf/sf] ;Qf ;G;f/b]lv :jtGq / ;G;f/sf] ;[li6eGbf klxn]b]lv, zfZjt sfnb]lv g}
/x“b}cfPsf] 5 . t/ Tof] rLh c¿ s'g} k|df0fljgf g} ljrf/n] ;'?b]lv g} ljrf/tTjsf] ¿kdf
/xg]vfnsf tTjx¿nfO{ g} lrx\g ;Sb5 eGg] s'/f :jtM :ki6 5 . h'g s'/f oxf“ k|dfl0ft ug'{
5, Tof]
geg]s} ¿kdf pQm cfwf/ jfSodf klxn]b]lv g} ljBdfg 5 eGg] s'/f klg TolQs} :ki6 5 . tfklg
To;sf/0fn] x]u]nnfO{ s] lgisif{ lgsfNg ck7\of/f] kb} {g eg] pgn] lrGtg / ;Qfsf] cgGotf -
Identity_ sf] h'g k|df0f k|:t't u/]sf lyP, To;af6 pgsf] bz{g g} pgnfO{ ;xL nfUg] Ps dfq
bz{g xf] eGg] s'/f :ki6 x'G5 . pgL s] eGb5g\ eg] lrGtg / ;Qfsf] cgGttfn] olb cf gf]
k|fdfl0fstf k'li6 ug{ vf]Hb5 eg] l;4fGtaf6 abn]/ pgsf] bzgnfO{ Jojxfl/s ¿k lbg / ;f/f