sfn{ dfS;{ / k|m]8l/s Pª\u]N; tyf Enf=O=n]lgg

e"ue{;DaGwL kl/jt{gx¿sf] k|efj If]q aGg k'Ub5 . Tof] k/jt{g x'g]a]nf jfo'd08nLo cjIf]k0f -
Precipition_ sf] sf/0f h'g lgIf]k -Deposit_ k}bf x'G5, To;sf] dxŒj qmdzM 36\b}uO/x]sf tL
aflx/L k|efjx¿sf] t'ngfdf lg/Gt/ a9\b} hfG5 . Tof] leqsf] ud{ kbfy{af6 pTkGg x'G5 .
cGtdf tfk olb To;/L Ps}gfz x'G5 eg] Tof] slDtdf tnsf] ;txsf] Hofb} 7"nf] efudf k|f]l6g
hLljt /xg ;Sg] ;LdfeGbf k/ hfg ;Sb}g . olb cGo /f;folgs lqmofdf klxn]sf kl/l:yltx¿ klg
cg's"n eP eg] hLljt k|f]6f]KnfHd -hLjg /;_ sf] pTklQ x'g k'Ub5 . tL cfjZos kl/l:yltx¿ s]
x'g\ eGg] s'/f cem};Dd xfdLx¿n] hfg]sf 5}gf} + . To;df crDdsf] s'/f s]xL 5}g lsgls cem};Dd klg
k|f]l6gsf] /f;folgs ;"qsf] lgwf{/0f ug{ ;lsPsf] 5}g . /f;folgs ¿kaf6 a]Un} slty/L k|f]l6g
lk08x¿ x'G5g\ eGg] s'/f;Dd klg xfdLx¿n] hfg]sf 5}gf} + . hLjgsf ;f/f d'Vo sfdx¿ — kfrg,
;+rfng, ;ª\s'rg -Contraction_, p2Lkgk|ltsf] ;Dj]bgf, pT;h{g -Excretion_ tyf k|hggsf
;Dk"0f{ sfdx¿ — Psbd} cfsf/xLg k|f]l6gn] g} k"/f ub{5 eGg] s'/f kQf nfu]sf] s]jn !) jif{ dfq
ePsf] 5 eGgsf nflu s'g} 7fp“ 5}g eg]/ crDd dfGg'kb} {g . 120
k|ultsf] e¥ofªdf cl3Nnf] kfOnf] r9fpgsf nflu cfjZos kl/l:yltx¿ k}bf x'g ;DejtM
xhf/f} + jif{ lat] xf]nfg\ . To;kl5 klg :gfo' / sf]lzsfsf] lemNnLsf] lgdf{0fsf] cfwf/df Tof] cfsf/xLg
k|f]l6gn] klxnf] sf]lzsfnfO{ hGd lbg ;s]xf]nf . tfklg ToxL klxnf] sf]lzsfn] ;hLj ;G;f/sf]
cfs[lt–tTj;DaGwL ljsf;sf] hu xfn]sf] lyof] . k|fs\–e"ue{zf:qLo clen]vx¿sf] l;Ëf] pbfx/0fsf]
cfwf/df xfdL s] dfGg ;Sb5f} + eg] ;aeGbfklxn] Uof;Lo–sf]zLo tyf sf]zLo hLj ;+3 -Protista_
sf c;+Vo hfltx¿ s} hGd ePsf] lyof] xf]nf . To;dWo] s]jn Oof]h"g Sofgf8]G; -Eozoon
Canadense_ 121 dfq /x]sf] lyof] . tLdWo] sltkonfO{ 5'6\ofp“bfv]l/ lj:tf/}–lj:tf/} } klxnf] lj?jf /
klxnf] kz'sf] hGd ePsf] lyof] . /, klxnf] kz'af6 k'gM d'Vo¿kn] tyf Hofb} leGgtfsf] dfWodaf6
kz'x¿sf y'k} | ju{x¿, tKsfx¿ / kl/jf/x¿, hfltx¿ / hftx¿sf] ljsf; ePsf] lyof] . clg, cGtdf
:tgwf/Lsf] — cyf{t\ dfgjsf] — pbo ePsf] lyof] . To;df k|s[ltn] :jo+ cf gf] r]tgf xfl;n ub{5
.
dflg;sf] k|fb'ef{j klg a]Unfa]Un}k|sf/n] 5'6\ofpg] lqmofsf] dfWodaf6 ePsf] lyof] . To:tf] vfln
j}olQms¿kaf6 dfq — cyf{t\ Pp6f Psn c08 sf]lzsfaf6 ljsl;t eP/ k|s[ltåf/f pTkGg ul/g]
;a}eGbf hl6n ;hLj k|f0fLsf] ¿k wf/0f u/]/ dfq — geP/ P]ltxfl;s¿kaf6 klg To:tf] x'G5 .
xhf/f} + jif{sf] ;+3if{kl5 cGttM hlta]nf v'§faf6 xft clnuug] sfo{ k"/f eof] / dflg; 7f8f] eP/
rNg yfNof], Tolta]nf dflg; afg/af6 5'l§g k'u]sf] lyof] . p;sf] :ki6 af]nL / dl:tissf] ;zQm
ljsf; eof] . To;n] afg/ / dfl;sf aLrsf] b'/L gd]l6g]u/L a9fOlbof] . xftsf] ljz]ifLs/0f ePsf]
lyof] — xftsf] ljz]ifLs/0fdf cf}hf/sf] pkof]u ug] { s'/f;d]t kb{5 . cf}hf/sf] pkof]u ug'{
eg]sf]
ljlzi6 dfgjLo lqmofzLntf, k|s[ltdfly dflg;sf] lqmofzLntfn] p;nfO{ ablnlbG5, cyf{t\ To;sf]
cy{ xf] — pŒkfbg . Hofb} ;+s'lrt cy{df x]g] { xf] eg] kz';“u klg cf}hf/ x'G5g\ — t/ tL pgLx¿sf
zf/Ll/s cËsf ¿kdf x'G5g\ . pbfx/0fsf] nflu sldnf, dfx'/L, cf] +t, cflbnfO{ x]/f} + . kz'n] klg
pŒkfbg ub{5g\ t/ ltgsf ghLssf] k|s[ltdfly pgLx¿sf] pŒkfbgsf] slQ klg c;/ kb} {g .
k|s[ltdfly cf gf] 5fk kfg{ vfln PSn} dflg; dfq ;kmn ePsf] 5 . p;n] af]6lj?jfx¿ /
kz'x¿sf hfltx¿nfO{ Ps 7fp“af6 csf] { 7fp“ k'¥ofpg] sfd dfq gu/]/ To;nfO{ p;n] cf gf]
jf;:yfgsf] l:ylt / hnjfo' tyf af]6lj?jfx¿ Pj+ :jo+ kz'x¿nfO{ ;d]t abn]/ u/]sf] 5 . To;sf]
sfdsf] c;/ k[YjLsf] cfd ljgfz;“u} d]l6g ;Sg]5 . /, Tof] sfo{nfO{ d'VotM / d"ntM p;n] xftåf/f g}
;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . jfkmn] rNg] oGq;d]t klg — Tof] p;sf] clxn] ;Ddsf] k|s[ltnfO{ ¿kfGt/ ug] {
;jeGbf zlQmzfnL cf}hf/ xf] — cGt xftdfly lge{/ ub{5 lsgeg] Tof] klg cf}hf/ xf] . t/ kfOnf–
kfOnfdf xftsf] ljsf;sf] ;“u;“u} / c+ztM To;s} sf/0f To;sf] ;dfgfGt/df dl:tissf] klg ljsf;
x'“b}uof]
. olb dfgj dl:tissf] klg To;/L g} ljsf; ePsf] x'“b}gYof]
eg] jfkkOlGhLgsf] lgdf{0f s]jn
xft dfq ;kmn x'“b}gYof]
.