sfn{ dfS;{ / k|m]8l/s Pª\u]N; tyf Enf=O=n]lgg

O6lnogx¿n] l;GSj] ;]G6f] -Cinque Cento_ eGb5g\ . Tof] o'u !% cf} + zbLsf] pQ/f4{df /x]sf] lyof]
. /fhfn] zx¿sf] ljz]ifflwsf/ ;DkGg gful/sx¿ssf] ;xfotfaf6 ;fdGtL clehft ju{sf] ;QfnfO{
rsgfr"/ kfl/lbPsf] lyof] tyf p;n] d"ntM /fli6«otfdfly cfwfl/t 7"nf /fhtGqx¿sf] :yfkgf u/]sf]
lyof] . cfw'lgs o"/f]k]nL /fi6«x¿ / cfw'lgs k" “hLjfbL ;dfhsf] ljsf; ToxL /fhtGqdftxt ePsf]
lyof] . clg, hlta]nf zxl/of ljz]ifflwsf/ ;DkGg ju{ / ;fdGt ju{sf dflg;x¿n] k/:k/df ;‹if{
ul//x]sf lyP, Tolta]nf hd{g]nL ls;fg o'4n] eljiolt/ nIo ub} { efjL ;‹if{x¿sf] k"j{ ;"rgf lbPsf]
lyof] . s]jn ljb|f]xL ls;fgx¿nfO{ /Ëd~rdf k'¥ofP/ dfq To;n] To;f] u/]sf] lyPg — Tof] t s'g} gof“
rLh clxn] /x]sf lyPg — clkt' ljb|f]xL ls;fgx¿sf kl5–kl5 cfw'lgs ;j{xf/f ju{sf] pbo;d]t
ePsf] lyof] . logLx¿sf xftdf /ftf em08f lyP / pgLx¿n] j:t'x¿dfly ;femf :jfldTjsf] dfu
ul//xsf] lyP . jfOh]lG6og-o"gfgL_ ;fd|FHosf] ktgsf] ;dodf h'g kf08'lnkLx¿ a“r]sf lyP / /f]dsf]
v08x/af6 h'g k|frLg d"tL{x¿ k|fKt ePsf lyP, tLaf6 gof“ ;G;f/, k|frLg o"gfgL ;G;f/ b]lvPsf]
lyof] . Tof] ;G;f/nfO{ b]v]/ kfZrfTo hut bË k/]sf] lyof] . p;sf] pHHjn ¿ksf cufl8 dWoo'uLg
k| ]tx¿ nf]k x'gk'u]sf lyP . O6nLdf snfsf] csNklgo pef/ cfof] . p;sf] Tof] snf k|rLg sfnsf]
pQd snfsf] k|ltljDah:tf] k|tLt x'GYof] -k'gM pm Tof] pTsif{df slxNo} k'u]g . O6nL, k|mfG; / hd{gLdf
gof“ ;flxTosf] pbo eof] . ToxL klxnf] cfw'lgs ;flxTo lyof] . s]xL ;dokl5 c+u| ]hL / :k]lg;
;flxTosf] zf:qLo sfn cfof] . k'/fgf] ;G;f/sf ;Ldfx¿ tf]l8P . jf:tjdf ;G;f/ ev{/} dfq
klxnf]k6s kQf nfu]sf] lyof] / kl5sf] ljZj Jofkf/ / pTkfbgsf] If]qdf b:tsfl/tfaf6 sfvf{gflt/
;ª\qmd0fsf] nflu cfwf/ tof/ ePsf] lyof] . k'gM To;af6 7"nf] dfqfdf cfw'lgs pBf]uwGwfsf] ;"qkft
eof] . dflg;sf] dl:tisaf6 O;fO{ wfld{s ;‹sf] tfgfzfxL Wj:t eof] . w]/}h;f] hd{g]nLx¿n] To;nfO{
;f]em} ltnf~hnL lbP / pgLx¿ k|f]6]:6\ofG6 aGg k'u] . Tolta]nf Nofl6g efiff–efifLx¿cGt/ut :jtGq
lrGtgsf] pNnf;k"0f{ efjgf km}lng k'u]sf] lyof] . Tof] efjgfnfO{ pgLx¿n] c/ax¿af6 l;sf] u/]sf
lyP . gof“ ¿kdf cg';Gwfg ul/Psf] o"gfgL bz{gn] To;nfO{ yk an lbof] / dfly p7fof] . :jtGq
lrGtgsf] Tof] efjgfsf] cfwf/ a9LeGbfa9L uxg aGb}uPsf] lyof] . k'gM pgLx¿n] !* cf} + zbLsf]
ef}ltsjfbL dfu{ tof/ u/] .
dfgj hfltn] clxn];Dd hlt k|ultzLn qmflGt b]v]sf] 5, tLdWo] Tof] ;a}eGbf dxfg\ lyof] . Tof]
;do s:tf] lyof] eg] To;sf] nflu dxfdfgjx¿sf] cfjZostf lyof] / dxfgdfgjx¿nfO{ { — ljrf/
zlQmsf dxfdfgjx¿nfO{, pTs6 pT;fx / rL/qsf dxfdfgjx¿nfO{ ;fj{ef}ldstf tyf ljåtfsf
dxfdfgjx¿nfO{ — p;n] g} pTkGg u/]sf] lyof] . tL JolQmx¿n] k" “hLklt ju{sf] cfw'lgs zf;g
:yfkgf u/]sf lyP . ltgLx¿df h];'s} bf]if /x]sf] eP klg pgLx¿ k" “hLjfbL ;Ldfx¿af6 af“lwPsf
lyPgg\ . To;sf] ljk/Lt, ;dosf] ;fx;L jftfj/0faf6 pgLx¿;d]t klg s]xLgs]xL dfqfdf cg'k|fl0ft
lyP . Tolta]nf zfob To:tf] s'g} dxŒjk"0f{ dflg; /x]sf] xf]nf, h;n] v"a ofqf gu/]sf] xf];\, h;n]
rf/–kf“rj6f efiffx¿ gaf]n]sf] xf];\, h;n] s}of} + If]qx¿df gfd gsdfPsf] xf];\ . lnofgfbf] { b leG;L
s]jn Pshgf lrqsf/ dfq geP/ pgL dxfg\ ul0flt1 d]sflgS; / OlGhlgo/ klg lyP . ef}lts
zf:qsf cToGt a]Unfa]Un} zfvfx¿sf y'k} | dxŒjk"0f{ cg';Gwfgx¿ pgsf C0fL 5g\ . cna| ]Vt 8\o'/]/
lrqsf/, snfsf/, d"tL{sf/ tyf jf:t'sf/;d]t lyP . To;sf cltl/Qm pgn] 3]/faGbLsf] To:tf]
Joj:yfsf] cfljisf/ u/]sf lyP, h;df y'k} | tL ljrf/x¿ df}h"b lyP . ltgnfO{ w]/}kl5 df]G6n PDa6{
tyf 3]/faGbLsf] cfw'lgs hd{g–lj1fgn] k'gM hLljt u/]sf 5g\ . d]lsofa]nL /fhg]tf, Oltxf;sf/ /
slj lyP tyf To;sf ;fy;fy} pgL ;}lgs ljifox¿sf] cfw'lgs sfnsf dxŒjk"0f{ n]vs klg lyP .
n"y/n] s]jn O;fO{ wfld{s ;‹sf] hdfgfaf6 rNb}cfPsf] kmf]x/ dfq x6fOlbPsf lyPgg\, clkt' pgn]
cfw'lgs hd{g uBsf l;h{gf u/]sf lyP . clg, pgn] g} pQm ;f]xf} + zbLsf] df/;]nfh aGg k'u]sf]
ljho uLtsf zAbx¿ / :j/x¿sf] /rgf;d]t u/]sf lyP . To;a]nfsf gfos clxn];Dd >d–
ljefhgsf aGwgx¿df af“lwPsf lyPgg\ . xfdLx¿ pgsf pQ/flwsf/Lx¿df w]/}h;f] >d–ljefhgsf]
b[li6sf]0f ;Lldt ug] { { k|efjx¿nfO{ b]Vb5f} + . To;sf] sf/0fn] pgLx¿sf] b[li6sf]0fdf Psf]xf]/f]kg cfp“5 .
t/ tL ;a} s'/fx¿dWo]sf] Pp6f vf; rfl/lqs ljz]iftf s] xf] eg] pgLx¿ ;asf ;an] ;dsfnLg
cfGbf]ngsf aLrdf, Jojxfl/s cfGbf]ngx¿sf aLrdf cf gf] sfd ub{y], pgLx¿n] kIf lnGy] /