sfn{ dfS;{ / k|m]8l/s Pª\u]N; tyf Enf=O=n]lgg

Tof]a]nf h'g :t/ lyof] / To;l;t bfz{lgs lrgtgsf] h'g clwe"tjfbL, cyft\ åGåjfblj/f]wL k4lt
;DalGwt lyof], To;}af6 Tof] sdhf]/L k}bf x'GYof] . slt s'/f cjZo yfx lyof] eg] k|s[lt zfZjt
ultsf] cj:yfdf /xG5 . t/ tfTsfnLg wf/0ffg';f/ Tof] ult zfZjt¿kdf Ps rqmdf g} x'GYof] /
To;sf/0f Tof] cf gf] :yfgaf6 slxNo} cufl8 a9\b}gYof] . af/Daf/ To;af6 Pp6} lgisif{ lgSnGYof] .
Tof] wf/0ff x'g' Tolta]nf :jfefljs lyof] . ;f}o{d08nsf] pTklQaf/] sfG6sf] l;4fGt dfq ev{/} cufl8
cfPsf] lyof] . To;nfO{ cem};Dd klg vfln sf}t'xnsf] ljifo dfq 7flgGYof] . k[YjLsf] ljsf;sf]
Oltxf;, cyf{t\ e"ue{zf:q cem}klg Psbd} c1ft lyof] . clg, cfhsf ;hLj k|fs[lts k|f0fLx¿
;/naf6 hl6n -;+ +lZni6_lt/ ljsl;t x'g] nfdf] >[ª\vnfsf kl/0ffd x'g\ eGg] ljrf/ j}1flgs¿kaf6
cem};Dd k]z x'g;s]sf] lyPg . ctM k|s[ltaf/] cg}ltxfl;s b[li6sf]0f x'g' ckl/xfo{ lyof] . t/ Tof]
s'/fnfO{ lnP/ !* cf} + zbLsf bfz{lgsx¿nfO{ xfdLx¿ lsg bf]ifL 7x¥ofpg ;Sb}gf} + eg] Tof] rLh
x]u]ndf ;d]t kfOGYof] . pgsf] sygfg';f/ k|s[lt vfln ljrf/sf] k/sLos/0f -Alienation_ xf] .
ctM sfnqmddf To;sf] s'g} ljsf; x'g ;Sb}g . To;sf] ljsf; vfln cjsf;df dfq x'g ;Sb5 .
To;/L To;n] cf gf] ljljwtfsf] lj:tf/ s]jn To;}df dfq ug{ ;Sb5 . To;/L To;n] cf gf]
ljsf;sf] ;Dk"0f{ cj:yfnfO{ ;“u;“u} Pskl5csf] { k|blz{t ub{5 / zfZjt¿kaf6 tL k|lqmofx¿sf]
k'g/fj[lQ ub} { hfgsf nflu afWo x'G5 . ;dosf] ulteGbf a]Un} cjsf;df ljsf; ug] { Tof] asaf;
k|s[ltaf/] x]u]nn] Tof]a]nf u/]sf lyP, hlta]nf e"ue{zf:q, e| "0fzf:q, lj?jf / kz'x¿sf] z/L/ lj1fg /
h}ljs /;fogzf:qsf] lgdf{0f eO/x]sf] lyof] tyf gof“ lj1fgsf cfwf/df kl5 pTkGg x'g] ljsf;sf]
l;4fGt -Theory Of Evolution_ sf cf]hk"0f{ eljiojf0fLx¿ ul/Gy] . pbfx/0fsf nflu u]6] /
nfdfs{sf egfOnfO{ lng'xf];\_ .sfndf x'g] ljsf; ;f/f ljsf;sf] d"ne"t zt{ xf] t/ x]u]nn] Tof] s'/f
dfg]sf lyPgg\ . t/ pgsf] k|0ffnLsf nflu Tof] cfjZos;d]t lyof] . ctM bfz{lgs k|0ffnLsf lglDt
pgsf] k4lt :jo+ cfk"mk|lt e"m6 aGg'k/]sf] lyof] .
P]ltxfl;s If]qdf klg cg}ltxfl;s wf/0ff km}lnPsf] lyof] . To; If]qdf dWoo'uLg cjz]ifx¿sf
lj?4 x'g] ;‹if{sf] sf/0fn] b[li6sf]0f wldnf] eO/x]sf] lyof] . dWoo'unfO{ Oltxf;sf] s]jn qmdeË dfq
dflgGYof] M dWo o'usf xhf/ jif{nfO{ ;fj{ef}lds aa{/tfsf jif{ dflgGYof] . dWo o'udf h'g hf]8bf/
k|ult ePsf] lyof], cyf{t\ o"/f]k]nL ;f+:s[lts If]qsf] h'g lj:tf/ ePsf] lyof], ljsf;sf] Ifdtf ePsf
h'g 7"n–7"nf /fi6«x¿ Pscsf{sf] 5]p“–5fp“df hfu[t ePsf lyP tyf cGtdf !$ cf} + / !% cf} +
zbLx¿df h'g dxfg\ k|fljlws k|ult ePsf] lyof], tL ;Dk"0f{ rLhk|lt cf“vf lrlDnPsf] lyof] . To;/L
h'g dxfg\ P]ltxfl;s kf/:kl/s ;DaGwx¿ sfod eO/x]sf lyP, tLaf/] a'l4;Ët9Ëaf6 ljrf/ ug'{
c;Dej agfOlbPsf] lyof] / Oltxf;nfO{ pbfx/0fx¿ / b[i6fGtx¿sf] k|of]u bfz{lgsx¿n] cf gf]
sfdsf] nflu ug{ ;Sg] ;+u|x agfOlbPsf] lyof] .
ut zbLsf] kf“rf} + bzsdf hd{gLleq ef}ltsjfbsf] abgfd ug] { h'g t'R5 k|rf/sx¿n] To;af/]
rf;f] /fVby], ltgLx¿n] klg cf gf lzIfsx¿sf] pQm sdhf]/LnfO{ s'g} k|sf/n] klg x6fpg ;Sb}gy]
. To;aLr k|s[lt lj1fgsf] If]qdf h'g Hofb} k|ult ePsf] lyof], To;n] pgLx¿sf nflu ;G;f/sf
;|i6fsf] cl:tTjsf lj?4 vfln gof“ k|df0fx¿sf] dfq sfd lbGy] . Tof] l;4fGtsf] ljsf; ug{sf nflu
pgLx¿n] jf:tjdf slQ klg k|oTg u/]sf lyPgg\ . cfbz{jfb cf gf] ljgfzsf] df]8df k'u]sf] lyof] .
!*$* sf] qmflGtn] To;dfly 3fts k|xf/ u/]sf] lyof] . t/ Tof]a]nf;Dd slDtdf ef}ltsjfb emg\ tn
em/]sf] b]v]/ p;nfO{ ;Gtf]if x'g ;SbYof] . Tof] ef}ltsjfbsf] lhDd]jf/L axg ug{ kmfo/afvn] ha
c:jLsf/ u/]sf lyP, Tolta]nf pgn] h] ug'{x'“b}g
Yof], Tof] s] lyof] eg] pgn] 3'dGt] k|rf/sx¿sf
l;4fGtx¿nfO{ cfd ef}ltsjfb 7fGg' x'GgYof] .
t/ To;af/] b'O{j6f s'/fx¿ 5g\ . ltgsf] pNn]v ug'{
cfjZos 5 . k|yd, kmfo/afvsf]
hLjgsfndf ;d]t k|fs[lts lj1fgsf] If]qdf pu|¿kdf pyn–k'yn ePsf] lyof] . To;sf] s]xL :ki6 /
;fk]lIfs ¿k–/]vf ljut !% jif{df g} b]lvgyfn]sf] lyof] . gof“–gof“ k|fs[lts j}1flgs tYox¿
tLj|tfsf ;fy / hf]8bf/¿kn] cufl8 cfO/x]sf lyP t/ pgLx¿aLr kf/:kl/s ;DaGw :yflkt ug] {
sfd, /, To;/L Pskl5 csf] { cg';Gwfgaf6 pTkgg x'g] cJoj:yfaLr Joj:yf sfod ug] { sfd s]jn
clxn] ev{/} dfq ;Dej x'g ;s]sf] 5 . s] s'/f ;To xf] eg] sf]lzsf, phf{sf] ¿kfGt/ tyf 8f/jLgsf]