sfn{ dfS;{ / k|m]8l/s Pª\u]N; tyf Enf=O=n]lgg

;+3if{sf kl/l:yltx¿sf] cg'¿k lyof] . dhb"/x¿sf] dgdl:tisdf e|d gx'g' pm ;DklQljxLg x'g]
s'/fsf] Psbd} cg'¿k lyof] . /, of] ;j{xf/f ljZjb[li6sf]0f ca ;f/f ;G;f/df km}ln+b}5 .
k|m]8l/s PË]N;
AnfsnfO{ n]lvPsf] PË]N;sf] kq
nG8g @!
;]K6]Da/ @, !*()
lk|o dxf]bo,
tkfO{ +sf] # tf=sf] kq d}n] kmf]s:6f]gdf kfPsf] lyP“ t/ Toxf“ d;“u Tof] k':ts gePsf] x'gfn]
d}n] pQ/ lbg ;s]sf] lyOg . !@ tf=sf lbg d 3/ kmls{ +bf d]/f] lglDt slt w]/} cTofjZos sfd /x]sf]
lyof] eg] cfheGbf klxn] tkfO{ +nfO{ s]xL klª\Qm n]Vg klg d}n] km';{t kfpg ;s]sf] lyOg . s[kof, d]/f]
of] afWotf :jLsf/ ug'{xf];\
/ l9nf]u/]/ kq n] ]v]sf]df Ifdf lbg'xf];\
!= ;jeGbfklxn] æpTklQÆsf] k[i7 !( af6 tkfO{ +n] s] lgisif{ lgsfNg'ePsf] 5 eg] k'gn'cf
kl/jf/sf] ljsf;sf] k|lqmofnfO{ clt dGb ultn] sfd u/]sf] b]vfOPsf] 5, To;af6 xjfO{df Toxf“sf]
/fhkl/jf/leq bfg'efOx¿ / -pxL cfdfaf6 hlGdPsf_ lbbL–alxgLx¿aLr oxL ztfAbL;Dd klg
laxfjf/L x'g]u/]sf] h:tf] nfUb5 . bfh'efO / lbbLalxgLaLr x'g] ljjfxsf pbfx/0f k"/} k|frLg sfndf
xfdL kfp“5f} + . pbfx/0fsf nflu 6f]nldof“x¿ -ld>sf o"gfgL ;d|f6x¿_ sxf“ To:t} x'GYof] . t/ csf] {
s'/f s] xf] eg] pxL cfdfaf6 hlGdPsf bfh'efO / lbbLalxgL tyf pxL afa'af6 hlGdPsf bfh'efO /
lbbLalxgLsf aLrdf km/s ug'{kg]
{ cfjZostf 5 . bfh'efO, lbbLalxgL zAbx¿sf] pTklQ ue{ zAbaf6
ePsf] 5 . /, To;sf/0f df}lns¿kaf6 pgLx¿sf] ;DaGw s]jn cfdftkm{sf bfh'efO / lbbLalxgL;t
x'G5 . dft[;Qfsf] ;dob]lv g} afa' a]Unfa]Un} lsg gxf]pmg\, pxL cfdfsf ;Gtfgx¿n] Pp6} afa' t/
a]Unfa]Un} cfdfsf ;Gtfgx¿eGbf w]/} ghLssf] ;DaGw /fVb5g\ eGg] efjgf w]/} lbg;Dd /lx/x]sf] 5 .
kl/jf/sf] k'gn'jf ¿kn] vfln pxL cfdfsf ;Gtfgx¿aLrsf] ljjfxnfO{ alh{t ub{5 eg] Pp6} afa'sf
t/ a]Unfa]Un} cfdfx¿af6 hlGdPsf ;Gtfgx¿aLrsf] ljjfxnfO{ slxNo} klg /f]Sb}g . Tof] wf/0ffg';f/
t To:tf ;Gtfgx¿nfO{ gftf;DaGwL klg dflg+b}g -lsgls dft[;QfTds clwsf/sf] af]njfnf 5_ .
hxf“;Dd dnfO{ yfx 5, o"gfgsf] k|frLg Oltxf;df bfh'efO / bfh'alxgLx¿aLr x'g] ljjfxsf
pbfx/0fx¿ xfdL kfp“5f} + . tL ltgL JolQmx¿;Dd ;Lldt 5, h;sf cfdfx¿ a]Unfa]Un} 5g\ jf k'gM
To:tf JolQmx¿sf ljjfxsf pbfx/0f e]l6G5g\, h;sf af/df] tL a]Unfa]Un} cfdfsf ;Gtfg lyP eGg]
s'/f kQf nufOPsf] lyPg . To:tf] l:yltdf pgLx¿ cfdfx¿ 5'§f5'§} lyP eGg' c;Dej 5 . ctM
To;k|sf/sf] ljxfjf/L kg'n'cfO{ /Llt l/jfhsf] lj?4 Psbd} 5}g . tkfO{ +n] s'g tYok|lt Wofg lbg' ePg
eg] k'gn'cf tyf o"gfgsf] Ps kTgL k|yfaLr ;dfhn] dft[;QfTds -dft[k|wfg_ k|yfaf6 5nfª df/]/
lkt[;QfTds -lkt[k|wfg_ k|yf k'u]sf] lyof] . To;sf] sf/0faf6 kl/l:ylt Hofb} ablngk'u]sf] lyof] .
jfv:d'ysf] Hellenische Alterthumer sfg';f/ jL//; k|wfg o"gfgL sfndf æljjfx ug] {
JolQmx¿aLr dftflktf / s]6fs]6Lx¿sf] ;DaGwnfO{ 5f]8]/ cGo s'g} klg vfnsf] ghLssf]
gftf;DaGwsf ljifodf s'g} 6G6f e]l6Gg .Æ -qmL6fdf k"/} lbbLalxgLl;t ljx] ug'{
cg'lrt dflgGYof]
.ÆcGtdf v08 !) sf], :6« \ofjx¿sf] s'/f u/f} + . To;a]nf d}n] Tof] c+z kfPsf] lyOg . lsgls To;
k':tsnfO{ cWofox¿df ljeQm ul/Psf] 5}g t/ hlta]nf;Dd To;s'/fsf] ljk/Lt s'g} k|df0f e]l6Gg,
Tolta]nf;Dd d}n] k"/} lbbLalxgL eg]sf] afa'sf] gftfaf6 x'g] lbbLalxgL g} 7fGb5' .
-@_ tkfO{ +n] eGbfklxn] d}n] d'Vo egfOnfO{ lgDgfg';f/ ;+zf]lwt ug{ rfxG5' M
Oltxf;sf] ef}ltsjfbL wf/0ffg';f/ jf:tljs hLjgsf] pŒkfbg / k'g?Tkfbg g} cGttM Oltxf;sf]
lg0ff{os tTj x'G5 . To;eGbf a9L g t dfS;{n] g d}n] g} slxNo} eg]sf 5f} + . ctM olb s;}n] To;nfO{
tf]8df]8 u/]/ PSnf] cfly{s tTj g} lg0f{os x'G5 eg]/ eGb5 eg] pQm k|:yfkgfnfO{ p;n] cy{xLg /
xjfO{ asjf;df ablnlbG5 . cfly{s kl/l:ylt cfwf/ x'G5 t/ pk/L 9f“rfsf ljleGg tTjx¿n] klg
P]ltxfl;s ;+3if{sf] qmddf k|efj kfb{5g\, s}of} +k6s t ltgn] To;sf] :j¿knfO{ lglZrt ug{sf nflu
k|d'v e"ldsf ;d]t v]Nb5g\ . tL tTj x'g\ M ju{– ;+3if{sf /fhg}lts :j¿kx¿ / ltgsf kl/0ffdx¿,
cyf{t\ ;kmn n8fO“, cflb kl5 ljhoL ju{åf/f :yflkt ul/Psf ljwfg / Goflos -sfg"gL_ ¿k .