Collected Works of V. I. Lenin - Vol. 13 - From Marx to Mao

100V. I. LENINciation with Struve as a political leader. In 1895, wewarned him and cautiously dissociated ourselves from himas an ally. In 1901, we declared war on him as a liberalwho was incapable of championing even purely democraticdemands with any consistency.In 1895, several years before the Bernsteinism 59 in theWest and before the complete break with Marxism on thepart of quite a few “advanced” writers in Russia, I pointedout that Mr. Struve was an unreliable Marxist withwhom Social-Democrats should have no truck. In 1901,several years before the Cadet Party emerged in the Russianrevolution, and before the political fiasco of this partyin the First and Second Dumas, I pointed out the veryfeatures of Russian bourgeois liberalism which were to befully revealed in the mass political actions of 1905-07.The article “Hannibals of Liberalism” criticised the falsereasoning of one liberal, but is now almost fully applicableto the policy of the biggest liberal party in our revolution.As for those who are inclined to believe that weBolsheviks went back on the old Social-Democratic policyin regard to liberalism when we ruthlessly combatedconstitutional illusions and fought the Cadet Party in1905-07—the article “Hannibals of Liberalism” will showthem their mistake. The Bolsheviks remained true to thetraditions of revolutionary Social-Democracy and didnot succumb to the bourgeois intoxication to which theliberals gave their support during the “constitutional zigzag”and which temporarily misled the Right-wing membersof our Party.The next pamphlet, What Is To Be Done?, was publishedabroad early in 1902.* It is a criticism of the Rightwing, which was no longer a literary trend but existedwithin the Social-Democratic organisation. The first Social-Democraticcongress was held in 1898. It founded theRussian Social-Democratic Labour Party, represented bythe Union of Russian Social-Democrats Abroad, which incorporatedthe Emancipation of Labour group. The centralParty bodies, however, were suppressed by the police andcould not be re-established. There was, in fact, no united* See present edition, Vol. 5, pp. 317-529.—Ed.