Collected Works of V. I. Lenin - Vol. 13 - From Marx to Mao

NOTES517697071727374See Karl Marx, “The Prussian Counter-Revolution and the PrussianJudicial Caste” (Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, Werke, Bd.6, S. 138, Berlin, Dietz Verlag, 1959). p. 119Union of the Russian People—an extremely reactionary Black-Hundred organisation of monarchists, founded in St. Petersburg inOctober 1905 to fight the revolutionary movement. It was a unionof reactionary landlords, big houseowners, merchants, police officials,clergymen, middle-class townspeople, kulaks, and declassedand criminal elements. The Union was headed by V. A. Bobrinsky,A I. Dubrovin, P. A. Krushevan, N. Y. Markov 2nd, V. M. Purishkevich,and others. Its press organs were the newspapers RusskoyeZnaniya (Russian Banner), Obyedineniye (Unity), and Groza(Storm). The Union had branches in many towns.It upheld the tsarist autocracy, semi-feudal landlordism, and theprivileges of the nobles. It adopted as its programme slogan theold monarchist and nationalist motto of the days of serfdom—“Orthodoxy, Autocracy, and Nationhood”. The Union’s principalmethod of struggle against the revolution was pogroms andmurder. With the aid and connivance of the police, its membersopenly and with impunity beat up and murdered revolutionaryworkers and democratically-minded intellectuals, broke up andshot down meetings, organised anti-Jewish pogroms, and houndednon-Russian nationalities.After the dissolution of the Second Duma the Union dividedinto two organisations: the League of Michael the Archangel, headedby Purishkevich, which stood for the Third Duma being used forcounter-revolutionary purposes, and the Union of the Russian Peopleproper, headed by Dubrovin, which continued the tactics of openterrorism. Both these reactionary organisations were abolished duringthe bourgeois-democratic February revolution (1917). After theOctober Socialist Revolution the former members of these organisationstook an active part in counter-revolutionary insurrections andplots against the Soviet government. p. 123Zubri (literally “aurochs”) applied in Russian political literatureto the extreme Right-wing representatives of reactionary landlordism(die-hards). p. 124Russkoye Znamya (Russian Banner)—a Black-Hundred newspaper,organ of the Union of the Russian People, published in St. Petersburgfrom November 1905 to 1917. p. 126Golos Moskvy (Voice of Moscow)—a Moscow daily newspaper,organ of the Octobrist Party, published from December 1906to June 1915. p. 126Lenin’s comment “On Plekhanov’s Article” was published inProletary as an editorial postscript to I. P. Meshkovsky’s article“And This Is Called ‘Polemics’”. p. 133