Collected Works of V. I. Lenin - Vol. 13 - From Marx to Mao

516 NOTES6465666768and elucidating the tactical issues posed by the rising revolutionwas acknowledged in a special resolution of the Third Party Congress,which recorded a vote of thanks to the Editorial Board.p. 107Cut-off lands (otrezki)—lands which were taken away (cut off)from the peasants by the landlords when serfdom was abolished inRussia. p. 109Zemstvo—so-called local self-government bodies headed by thenobility. Zemstvos were set up in the central gubernias of Russiain 1864. Their powers were restricted to purely local economicaffairs (hospitals, roads, statistics, insurance, etc.). They weresubordinated to the provincial governors and the Ministry of theInterior, who could overrule any decisions the government foundundesirable. p. 110Executive Committee of the Left—the slogan for the formationof such a committee was put forward by the Bolsheviks in order toensure the independence of the class line pursued by the workers’deputies in the Duma, to guide the activities of the peasant deputies,and keep them free from the influence of the Cadets. The Menshevikscountered this slogan with their slogan of “a national opposition”,that is, support of the Cadets by the workers’ and peasants’deputies, the Mensheviks classing the Cadets as a Left party, alongwith the Social-Democrats, Socialist-Revolutionaries, and Trudoviks.In July 1906, after the First Duma was dissolved, the ExecutiveCommittee of the Left virtually organised itself around the Social-Democratic group of the Duma. On the initiative of the ExecutiveCommittee of the Left the following manifestoes were issued:“Manifesto to the Army and Navy” over the signatures of the Committeeof the Social-Democratic Duma group and the Committeeof the Trudovik group; “Manifesto to All the Russian Peasants”signed also by the All-Russian Peasant Union, the C.C. of theR.S.D.L.P., the C.C. of the Party of the Socialist-Revolutionaries,the All-Russian Railwaymen’s Union and the All-RussianTeachers’ Union, “Manifesto to All the People” signed by the aboveparties (without the three unions) as well as by the Polish SocialistParty and the Bund. The manifestoes rallied the people to therevolutionary struggle against the government and put forward theslogan of a constituent assembly. p. 111Senate interpretations—interpretations of the Law of December 11(24), 1905 governing elections to the Duma issued by the Senateon the eve of the elections to the Second Duma. By these interpretationsthe Senate deprived further groups of the population of thefranchise. p. 116Trepov, D. F—Governor-General of St. Petersburg, notorious forinspiring Black-Hundred outrages and for his brutal suppressionof the revolution of 1905. p. 117