Collected Works of V. I. Lenin - Vol. 13 - From Marx to Mao

NOTES507343536active, it demanded a change of military leadership, the gearingof industry to the needs of the front, and a “responsible ministry”in which the Russian bourgeoisie would be represented. After theFebruary bourgeois-democratic revolution some of the party’sleaders were members of the bourgeois Provisional Government.After the victory of the October Socialist Revolution the ProgressiveParty waged an active fight against the Soviet power.Among the party’s leaders were the well-known Moscow manufacturersP. P. Ryabushinsky and A. I. Konovalov, and the landownerI. N. Yefremov. The Progressists, at different times, publishedtheir political organs: Moskovsky Yezhenedelnik (MoscowWeekly), and the newspapers Slovo (The Word), Russkaya Molva(Russian Hearsay), and Utro Rossii (Russia’s Dawn). p. 61Obrazovaniye (Education)—a literary, popular-scientific, socialand political monthly published in St. Petersburg from 1892 to1909. In 1906-08, the magazine published articles by Bolsheviks.Issue No. 2 for 1906 contained Chapters V-IX of Lenin’s bookThe Agrarian Question and the “Critics of Marx” (see present edition,Vol. 5, pp. 103-222). p. 62Burenin’s newspaper—the name given by Lenin to the BlackHundred-monarchist newspaper Novoye Vremya (New Times).Burenin, who contributed to the newspaper, hounded the representativesof all progressive trends. p. 66Trudoviks (from trud—“labour”)—a group of petty-bourgeoisdemocrats, formed in April 1906 from the peasant deputies to theFirst Duma.The Trudoviks demanded the abolition of all restrictions basedon class or nationality, the democratisation of the Zemstvos andurban self-government bodies, and universal suffrage in the Dumaelections. Their agrarian programme was based on the Narodnikprinciples of “equalised” land tenure; the establishment of a nationalstock of distributable land, formed from state, crown, andmonastery lands, as well as from privately owned lands where theyexceeded an established labour standard; compensation beingenvisaged in the case of alienated private lands. Lenin pointedout in 1906 that the typical Trudovik was a peasant who “Is notaverse to a compromise with the monarchy, to settling down quietlyon his own plot of land under the bourgeois system; but at the presenttime his main efforts are concentrated on the fight against thelandlords for the land, on the fight against the feudal state andfor democracy” (see present edition, Vol. 11, p. 229).In the Duma the Trudoviks vacillated between the Cadets andthe Social-Democrats, their vacillations being due to the class natureitself of peasant petty proprietors. Nevertheless, since theTrudoviks represented the peasant masses, the tactics of the Bolsheviksin the Duma were to arrive at agreements with them on individualissues with a view to waging a joint struggle against theCadets and the tsarist autocracy. In 1917, the Trudovik group