Industrial Biotransformations

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2 The Enzyme Classification
EC 3.1.1 Carboxylic ester hydrolase
R 1
O
O R2
H 2O
R 1 = hydrogen, organic residue
R 2 = organic residue
R 1
EC 3.1.2 Thiolester hydrolase
R 1
O
S R2
H 2O
R 1 = hydrogen, organic residue
R 2 = organic residue
R 1
O
O
OH
OH
+ R 2 OH
+ R 2 SH
EC 3.1.3 Phosphohydrolase (“phosphatase”)
R
P
H 2O
P = monophosphate
R = organic residue
EC 3.2 Glycosidases
HO
HO
OH
O
OH
XR
X = O, N or S
R = organic residue
R OH + H P
H 2O
HO
HO
OH
O
OH
XH
+ R OH
The illustration shows the hydrolysis of a hexose derivative although pentose derivatives
are also accepted as substrates.