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Figure 2<br />

Glycolysis in bloodstream-form trypanosomes. All net energy production takes place<br />

in the cytosol as the result of ATP formation <strong>by</strong> pyruvate kinase. However, the<br />

majority of glycolytic enzymes are sequestered into a specialized organelle, the<br />

glycosome. There the net ATP synthesis is zero irrespective of the presence of oxygen.<br />

Under aerobic conditions the NADH produced <strong>by</strong> glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase<br />

is reoxidized via the G-3-P/DHAP shuttle, which couples glycolysis to a<br />

mitochondrial glycerophosphate oxidase. Under anaerobic conditions or when the<br />

oxidase is blocked <strong>by</strong> SHAM, equimolar amounts of glycerol and 3-phosphoglycerate<br />

are formed. However, the addition of an excess of glycerol to the cytosol prevents the<br />

reoxidation of NADH. As a result trypanosomes treated with a mixture of SHAM and<br />

glycerol die in a matter of minutes.<br />

http://legacy.netlibrary.com/nlreader/nlReader.dll?bookid=12640&filename=Page_370.html (1 of 2) [4/5/2004 5:33:24 PM]<br />

Page 370

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