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Figure 3<br />

Schematic representation of the structure of a TIM monomer. Helices and strands<br />

are labeled as H and B, respectively. The view is along the axis of the β barrel, into<br />

the active site. Key catalytic residues Lys13, His95, and Glu167 are shown along with<br />

the helix that binds the substrate phosphate and the flexible loop that covers the<br />

substrate during catalysis. Black dots indicate residues in contact with the second<br />

monomer of the enzyme. (From Ref.24. Copyright 1991 <strong>by</strong> Harcourt Brace.)<br />

Page 372<br />

10 Å instead of the 15 Å in the closed loop conformation of the enzyme. In any case, selective inhibitor<br />

design for TIM appears to require de novo design as there are no leads known that interact with the Ala-<br />

Tyr region of the enzyme.<br />

B. Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (GAPDH)<br />

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is a homotetramer that carries out the oxidative<br />

phosphorylation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate into 1,3-bisphos- phoglycerate. During this reaction<br />

NADH is formed. Each subunit of the enzyme consists of two domains and has an NAD + binding site.<br />

The N-terminal domain anchors the adenosine portion of the cofactor while the nicotinamide portion is<br />

involved in the catalytic reaction at the C-terminal domain. T. brucei<br />

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