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netLibrary - eBook Summary Structure-based Drug Design by ...

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Figure 5<br />

(a) Stereo image of a CPK atomic model of an influenza virus neuraminidase<br />

tetrameric head viewed distal to the viral membrane. The darker-shaded atoms<br />

represent totally conserved residues that for the most part form the enzyme<br />

active-site pocket. The lighter shaded atoms represent strain-variable<br />

residues and carbohydrate. (b) A stereo image of the enzyme active-site<br />

pocket of a subunit of neuraminidase with the same shading scheme.<br />

Page 469<br />

in preserving the structural integrity of the molecule [46], the main clustering of these invariant residues<br />

is within the enzyme active site (Figure 5b), where 17 are in the active site and 16 are neighboring the<br />

active site. This is a cavity on the upper surface of the molecule into which sialic acid has been observed<br />

to bind [65,66,50]. Excluding the active-site pocket, strain variation occurs over the entire surface of the<br />

neuraminidase heads. The active site was found to be in<br />

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