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382 AFECTACION CARDÍACA<br />

A la exploración suele observarse cardiomegalia y congestión vascular en la radiografía de tórax. El electrocardiograma<br />

puede presentar alteraciones del ritmo, con voltajes anormalmente disminuidos o elevados y trastornos de<br />

la repolarización, sugiriendo pericarditis, miocarditis o <strong>fibro</strong>elastosis endocárdica. En el ecocardiograma las cavidades<br />

izquierdas están dilatadas y la función ventricular deprimida (26).<br />

El tratamiento indicado es la utilización de digital, vasodilatadores y diuréticos, aunque los resultados son malos y<br />

el enfermo suele fallecer de forma rápida en un corto espacio de tiempo.<br />

Aunque la <strong>fibro</strong>sis miocárdica generalizada, tal y como se ha expuesto, es un fenómeno raro y de curso rápido y fatal<br />

en algunos niños, existen evidencias recientes que prueban la presencia de cierto grado de <strong>fibro</strong>sis ventricular izquierda,<br />

sobre todo a medida que la enfermedad avanza, y que sería responsable del deterioro de la función ventricular<br />

izquierda que puede observarse en los últimos estadios de la enfermedad en muchos de estos pacientes (8,49).<br />

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